US9542925B2 - Generating sound for a rotating machine of a device - Google Patents

Generating sound for a rotating machine of a device Download PDF

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Publication number
US9542925B2
US9542925B2 US14/113,033 US201214113033A US9542925B2 US 9542925 B2 US9542925 B2 US 9542925B2 US 201214113033 A US201214113033 A US 201214113033A US 9542925 B2 US9542925 B2 US 9542925B2
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rotating machine
sound
generating
values
partials
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US20140328498A1 (en
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Nathalie Le-Hir
Gaël Guyader
Patrick Boussard
Benoît Gauduin
Florent Jaillet
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GENESIS
Renault SAS
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GENESIS
Renault SAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00—Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/02—Synthesis of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H7/00—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs
    • G10H7/08—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs by calculating functions or polynomial approximations to evaluate amplitudes at successive sample points of a tone waveform
    • G10H7/10—Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs by calculating functions or polynomial approximations to evaluate amplitudes at successive sample points of a tone waveform using coefficients or parameters stored in a memory, e.g. Fourier coefficients
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2250/00—Aspects of algorithms or signal processing methods without intrinsic musical character, yet specifically adapted for or used in electrophonic musical processing
    • G10H2250/131—Mathematical functions for musical analysis, processing, synthesis or composition
    • G10H2250/211—Random number generators, pseudorandom generators, classes of functions therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2250/00—Aspects of algorithms or signal processing methods without intrinsic musical character, yet specifically adapted for or used in electrophonic musical processing
    • G10H2250/315—Sound category-dependent sound synthesis processes [Gensound] for musical use; Sound category-specific synthesis-controlling parameters or control means therefor
    • G10H2250/371—Gensound equipment, i.e. synthesizing sounds produced by man-made devices, e.g. machines
    • G10H2250/381—Road, i.e. sounds which are part of a road, street or urban traffic soundscape, e.g. automobiles, bikes, trucks, traffic, vehicle horns, collisions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for generating a rotating machine sound, such as the engine of a motor vehicle, of a train, of a helicopter, etc., as well as a method for generating an engine sound in an appliance such as a motor vehicle. It also relates to a sound device generating an engine sound of a motor vehicle using such a method. Finally, it also relates to a motor vehicle equipped with such a sound device.
  • the document FR2924260 proposes a solution for generating a synthetic sound inside the motor vehicle that takes account of the engine speed and of the position of the accelerator pedal. This synthesis of the sound consists of a conventional method for decomposing the sound of the real engine into different harmonics.
  • the invention is based on a method for generating a rotating machine sound, comprising a step of determining the frequencies and the amplitudes of n relevant partials and/or harmonics in the sonority of a rotating machine, characterized in that it comprises a step of determining values and a step of calculating a synthetic sound of the rotating machine, made up of the n partials and/or harmonics but whose frequency is all or partly shifted by the values.
  • FIG. 1 represents an algorithm of the method for generating an engine sound according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 2 a and 2 b represent tables of harmonics and/or partials i for, respectively, two different types of engines according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 represents a table of amplitude values in dB as a function of the harmonics and/or partials and of the engine speed according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 represents a table of values of a gain as a function of a desire of the driver according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 represents a table of values of a gain as a function of the speed the motor vehicle according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the invention is based on a method for generating a sound of a particular engine of a motor vehicle, an algorithm of which, according to one embodiment, is represented in FIG. 1 .
  • the same method can be used for the generation of a sound of any rotating machine or of a sound of an imaginary machine, which does not really exist. It can be the rotating machine of any appliance, such as a helicopter, an airplane, a train, etc.
  • the method firstly comprises an upstream phase, of preparation of parameters which will be used to generate the synthetic sound.
  • This upstream phase comprises a first step E 1 of determining a fundamental frequency f 0 (N) of the sound of the engine, then of n harmonics and/or partials i (i 1 to i n ) of the sound of this engine concerned.
  • the sound of the engine is represented by this fundamental frequency f 0 (N), which depends generally on its operating speed N, that is to say the rotation frequency of the crankshaft for a motor vehicle engine, then by the frequencies i ⁇ f 0 (N), for all the values of selected harmonics and/or partials i.
  • N the fundamental frequency
  • i is an integer number
  • the term that applies is harmonic
  • this step E 1 makes it possible to define the frequencies of n harmonics and/or partials that are relevant in the sonority of the machine considered.
  • FIGS. 2 a and 2 b illustrate solutions of harmonics and partials stored for, respectively, a six-cylinder and a four-cylinder engine. It should be noted that a number of solutions can be provided for one and the same engine, according to different desired renditions. As an example, the table of FIG. 3 represents a more complete choice for a six-cylinder engine. These two solutions for representation of a six-cylinder engine ( FIGS. 2 a and 3 ) are consistent with one another because they have a large number of harmonics and/or partials in common.
  • the method comprises a second step E 2 that generates any n numbers ai, advantageously between [ ⁇ 0.2; 0.2]. Since these numbers ai can be any numbers, they are defined, for example, by a random generation. However, any other method for defining them may be suitable since they are any numbers.
  • values of ai will be chosen between [ ⁇ 0.1; 0.1].
  • n values ai can be chosen.
  • the method comprises a third step E 3 of determining a table of reference value data of an amplitude k(i, N*) in dB as a function of the harmonics and/or partials determined in the first step and as a function of certain selected engine speed values N*.
  • this third step is performed empirically, recording the real noise of the engine then decomposition.
  • this third step is performed by a simple appraisal, according to artistic criteria.
  • the method then comprises a fourth step E 4 of determining a table of data representing a gain G 1 in dB, to take account of the intervention of the driver on the engine.
  • account is taken of the position of the accelerator pedal, which represents an important desire on the part of the driver in terms of a vehicle operation.
  • gain values G1 as a function of certain predefined values C* representing an action of a driver are predefined and stored, as illustrated by way of example by the table of FIG. 4 .
  • the method then comprises a fifth step E 5 of determining a table of data representing a second gain G 2 in dB as a function of predefined speed values V* of the motor vehicle.
  • the table presented in FIG. 5 gives the values retained for this gain as a function of V*, according to this embodiment. This gain makes it possible to reduce the volume of the sound when the speed increases, to achieve a comfortable situation at high speed on a freeway for example.
  • the method comprises a sixth step E 6 of recording the duly obtained values in a memory.
  • These stored data are represented by way of example by the table of FIG. 3 .
  • the method implements an iterative phase, which changes over time.
  • the values defined previously in the upstream phase then remain always constant, and the method is limited to the second iterative phase.
  • a choice can be made to modify these values according to defined criteria.
  • the seventh step E 7 comprises the calculation of a synthesized sound s(N, t) of the motor vehicle engine for an instant t and for the speed N of the engine, by the following formula:
  • this step therefore incorporates the measurement or the estimation of a speed N of the engine at the instant t.
  • the amplitude value k(i, N) is obtained by extrapolation of the values predefined in the upstream phase and stored in the data table.
  • the frequency of each harmonic and/or partial i is slightly shifted by a random value, that is to say extending in the direction of any value.
  • the equation (1) is replaced by the following equation (2), in which a phase ⁇ (i) is added for each harmonic and/or partial, these phases ⁇ (i) being previously calculated once for all in any manner, for example randomly, within the range]0; 2 ⁇ [.
  • ai), N) (N/60) ⁇ (i+ai),
  • N/60 represents the speed of the engine in revolution/s.
  • An eighth step E 8 of the method consists in considering the gains G1 and G2 in order to finally obtain the retained sound S(N, t):
  • S ( N,t ) G 1 ( C ) ⁇ G 2 ( V ) ⁇ s ( N,t )
  • the two gain values G 1 (C) and G 2 (V) are obtained by extrapolation of the values stored in the tables of values defined in the upstream phase.
  • the steps E 7 and E 8 are repeated over time, according to a certain predefined time step dt.
  • the method comprises a step E 9 of broadcasting the calculated sound.
  • the sound generation method described above can naturally be subject to variants, without departing from the framework of the invention.
  • the use of the gains G 1 and/or G 2 remains optional.
  • the amplitude values k(i, N) can be defined differently.
  • the method described previously is implemented in a device for generating an engine sound, comprising at least one computer, which implements the steps of the method described previously and which is linked to a sound broadcasting device, which comprises an amplifier coupled to one or more loudspeakers.
  • the computer is also linked to a memory, containing the various data mentioned previously, used to implement the method.
  • the method for generating the sound of a motor vehicle engine can be implemented in different applications.
  • the device for generating the sound of an engine is advantageously linked to a communication network on board the motor vehicle, by which it recovers the values of the data representative of the engine speed, of the position of the accelerator pedal, of the speed of the vehicle, and possibly of any actuator of the vehicle or of any other command from the driver and/or of any other quantities representative of the state or of the operation of the vehicle, such as the motor drive type (hybrid, heat, electric, LPG, etc.) of the vehicle and/or such as the torque undergone by the engine to deal with deceleration, etc.
  • the sound broadcaster can be linked to the loudspeakers on board the vehicle, also provided to broadcast the radio for example.
  • the device for generating engine sound is suitable for emitting an engine sound inside the passenger compartment, perfectly correlated with the real sound of the engine.
  • the steps E 7 and E 8 are repeated very rapidly, according to a very short time step, so as to be able to best follow the variations of the engine, to obtain a synthesized sound best correlated with the real operation of the engine.
  • These steps E 7 , E 8 use a measurement of the engine speed N transmitted periodically to the computer of the sound generator for the application of the equations (1) or (2) of the step E 7 .
  • this transmitted value of the engine speed N can be modified by the computer, according to an interpolation of the latest values retained, in order to obtain a value of the engine speed that varies according to a shorter period, to best follow the variations of the engine.
  • the same approach is applied to the other data taken into account, such as the position of the accelerator pedal.
  • the device for generating engine sound is used in a motor vehicle simulator, so as to reproduce the most realistic engine sound possible.
  • the device for generating engine sound is used to simply create a sound file from data derived from a predefined driving profile of a motor vehicle, comprising data on the speed of the engine, on the depression of the accelerator pedal, etc.
  • the application of the sound generation principle is no longer subject to a real time constraint.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
US14/113,033 2011-04-19 2012-04-04 Generating sound for a rotating machine of a device Active 2033-04-03 US9542925B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1153377 2011-04-19
FR1153377A FR2974441B1 (fr) 2011-04-19 2011-04-19 Generation d'un son de machine tournante d'un appareil
PCT/EP2012/056195 WO2012143244A1 (fr) 2011-04-19 2012-04-04 Generation d'un son de machine tournante d'un appareil

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US20140328498A1 US20140328498A1 (en) 2014-11-06
US9542925B2 true US9542925B2 (en) 2017-01-10

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US (1) US9542925B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2700069B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103907150B (fr)
FR (1) FR2974441B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012143244A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9959852B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2018-05-01 Bose Corporation Vehicle engine sound extraction
US9031248B2 (en) * 2013-01-18 2015-05-12 Bose Corporation Vehicle engine sound extraction and reproduction
DE102013202890B4 (de) 2013-02-22 2018-12-06 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Audiosignal für ein synthetisches Geräusch eines Kraftfahrzeuges
US9495953B2 (en) * 2014-06-10 2016-11-15 Bose Corporation Dynamic engine harmonic enhancement sound stage
FR3026218B1 (fr) * 2014-09-18 2016-10-28 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif de synthese sonore destine a la coloration active du bruit d'un moteur de vehicule
CN108032800B (zh) * 2017-12-06 2020-11-20 滁州松泽电器有限公司 声音的合成方法、装置及电子设备

Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4631747A (en) * 1978-07-17 1986-12-23 Raytheon Company Digital sound synthesizer
WO2002025628A1 (fr) 2000-09-25 2002-03-28 Onda Edit S.L. Système de synthèse par harmoniques et formants
EP1705644A1 (fr) 2005-03-22 2006-09-27 Honda Motor Co., Ltd Appareil de production d'effets sonores pour un objet mobile
US7203321B1 (en) 1999-09-21 2007-04-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Device for electroacoustic sound generation in a motor vehicle
US20080192954A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2008-08-14 Yamaha Corporation Engine Sound Processing System
CN101366072A (zh) 2005-11-01 2009-02-11 丰田自动车株式会社 发动机声音控制装置及控制方法
JP2009063968A (ja) 2007-09-10 2009-03-26 Yamaha Corp エンジン音合成装置
FR2924260A1 (fr) 2007-11-26 2009-05-29 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif de coloration en temps reel du bruit d'un moteur de vehicule
US20110085674A1 (en) 2009-10-13 2011-04-14 Yamaha Corporation Engine sound generation apparatus and method

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4631747A (en) * 1978-07-17 1986-12-23 Raytheon Company Digital sound synthesizer
US7203321B1 (en) 1999-09-21 2007-04-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Device for electroacoustic sound generation in a motor vehicle
WO2002025628A1 (fr) 2000-09-25 2002-03-28 Onda Edit S.L. Système de synthèse par harmoniques et formants
US20080192954A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2008-08-14 Yamaha Corporation Engine Sound Processing System
EP1705644A1 (fr) 2005-03-22 2006-09-27 Honda Motor Co., Ltd Appareil de production d'effets sonores pour un objet mobile
CN101366072A (zh) 2005-11-01 2009-02-11 丰田自动车株式会社 发动机声音控制装置及控制方法
US20090136054A1 (en) 2005-11-01 2009-05-28 Yasuhiko Nishimura Engine Sound Control Apparatus and Control Method
JP2009063968A (ja) 2007-09-10 2009-03-26 Yamaha Corp エンジン音合成装置
FR2924260A1 (fr) 2007-11-26 2009-05-29 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif de coloration en temps reel du bruit d'un moteur de vehicule
US20110085674A1 (en) 2009-10-13 2011-04-14 Yamaha Corporation Engine sound generation apparatus and method
CN102039050A (zh) 2009-10-13 2011-05-04 雅马哈株式会社 发动机声音生成设备和方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140328498A1 (en) 2014-11-06
FR2974441A1 (fr) 2012-10-26
EP2700069A1 (fr) 2014-02-26
WO2012143244A1 (fr) 2012-10-26
EP2700069B1 (fr) 2017-03-08
FR2974441B1 (fr) 2014-09-12
CN103907150A (zh) 2014-07-02
CN103907150B (zh) 2017-05-17

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