US874923A - Nozzle for elastic-fluid turbines. - Google Patents

Description

.N0.s74,923. PATENTBD DE0.'31,1907.

H. S. BALDWIN. NOZZLB FOR ELASTIG FLUID 'I UBINES.

IIIIIIIIIIIIII ED JUNE 27,1907.

TENT ortica.

HENRY s. BALDWIN, @er LYNN, Mlissz'icni cones-NY, 1A connor.

satura-Assioma To GENERAL ELECTRIC i 'arenaria .rca aaasrmeramn T trniisnms.-

"To all whom com-feral' Beit known thatl, HENRY S. BALDWIN, a

citizen of the United States,L residing -at Lynn, countyof `-Essex, State oi' ll/iassachu` Improvements in- Nozzles for Elastic-'Fluid Turbines, of which the following'isA a 'specifiication.

The present invention relates to sectionalized split nozzles for elastic-Huid turbines comprising a divided structure having a plural'ity of dlscharge passages Which-are closely associated so that the steam or other iluid leaves the same as a solid column.

' The invention is more particularly applicable to those nozzles having passages' with little or no difference in cross-sectional are-a between the throat and thedischarge .end of -each passage- In other words -those nozzles -Which have little or no ex ansion. The in* vention, however, is applicable to nozzles Vhaving a considerable expansion ratio between the throat and discharge end:

With s lit nozzles'havinglittle' or no ex# pansion iliculty has been experienced in securing them to their support, especially where they cover a considerable wheel arc and yet do not extend .entirely around the Wheel. @One of the constructions for this type of nozzle comprises two principal parts, one part containing the nozzle passages, and the other part acting as a lwall for said passages, the plane of division between the parts being concentric with theturbine axis. With such a construction the partitions between the passages are so thin and the conduits leading to the nozzle bowls are so close together that there is not sufficient metal to receive retaining bolts ina plane perpendicular to the direction of steam flow, or at least such bolts cannot be employed unless the shape of the passages leading to the bowls or the shape of the nozzle passages themselves be so designed as to materially interfere with the free passage of steam to the nozzles, and thus decrease the efficiency of the machine as a whole. The object of 1n y invention is to provide a simple means whereby split nozzles of the general character above referred to can be supported in a turbine and connected with .the inlet passages without in any way inter- -fering with the l'rec passage 'of steam or decreaslng the eiliciency'of the apparatus.

In the accompanying drawing, which illus- `Specification of Letters Patent.

' ppiication iisd June`27'. 1907. Serial No. 381l007 setts, have invented certain 4new and'useful.

regeted Dec. 31', 1907.

-trates' one of the embodiments of my invention, Figure 1 is a partial axial section of a turbineand Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view Y ci a nozzle. e

1 indicates the casing of the turbine hav- 160, ing a head 2 that supports the valve chest 3; Locatedinside of the casing is a wheel 4 having rows of peripheral buckets 5, between which are intermediate buckets 6 extending partially around the Wheel and covering about the same are as the nozzle. Formed. on the side of the valve chest `adjacent the bucket wheels is a support 7 for the nozzle, This support may be separate from the valve chest and bolted thereto, or it may be carried by any other part of the turbine, without departing from my invention. The arrangement shown is very satisfactory because it reduces the number of parts and the amount of machine Work and the alinement is always preserved. l

The invention is shown in connection with a verticalshaft turbine, and will be so described-herein, but it is to be understood that it is equally applicable to machines of the horizontal type.

' The under-side of the nozzle support 7 is provided with two shoulders or abutments 8 and 9 having a recess between to receive the nozzle, the latter discharging steam in an 485 axial direction. The opposed walls of vthe shoulders or abutments 8 and 9 are concentrio with each other and with the axis of the turbine. The upper wall ofthe recess is perpendicular to the turbine axis. Formed in support 7 are as many conduits 10 as there `are admission valves 11. Commonly a valve is provided for each conduit, but one valve may control two or more conduits if desired.

Mounted in the recess formed in the under side of the support 7' is a nozzle comprising parts 12 and 13. The. part 12 contains a plurality of closely associated discharge passages or sections 14 and also the major portion ofthe bowls 15, which connnunicate with the 100 throats of the nozzle passages and the conduits. The passages or sections Aare made by a milling operation. The part 13 forms a wall for one side of the nozzle. passages, and also contains a small portieri of th(` nozzle bowls. The plane ol' division between the parts of the nozzle` is, for the purpose of simplicity and ease of manufacture, made c flindrical and parallel to th(` axis of the w ieel, but it can be otherwise shaped if desired.

j would be liable to distortion due to heat and A with admission nozzles but it applies equally with the apparatus which I now consider to by Letters' Patent. of the United States, is,'

other causes. This tendency to distortion is, however, taken care of by the concentric abutments S and 9 which maintain the parts of the nozzle in firm contact at all times. The parts of the nozzle are secured to the support 'by axially extending bolts 17 of whichas many are provided as are necessary. The invention has been shown in connection Well to stage nozzles.

By reason of the construction shox the partitions between nozzle passages may e as thin as desired, thereby avoiding all spill losses at intermediate points in the nozzle, and the parts or members of the nozzle are so confined as to preclude their separating from any cause.'

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, .together represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have understood that the apparatus shown is Vonly illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire t0 secure 1. In a nozzle"structure,-the combination of a divided nozzle, meansniti-ng the parts o'f the nozzle at the ends, a snpport'forthe 'stages nozzle, and abutments which engage the noz-A zle parts and hold them in contact.

In a nozzle structure, the combination of a nozzle divided into two principal parts, the line of division being in the same general direction as the steam flow, 4devices clamping` the members at the ends, a support for thc nozzle, abutments engaging the members on opposite sides andholdig them in contact,

and means which pass throughA the parts of the nozzle into the support for securing them in place. 1

3. In a nozzle structure, the combination of a sectionalized nozzle divided in a cylindrical plane. into two principal parts, devices at the ends of the parts for uniting them, a support for the nozzle abutments formed on the support which have opposed concentric surfaces that engage the parts of the nozzle and hold them in contact throughout j,

their length, and bolts that pass through the nozzle parts into the support for holding the same in place.

4. In a nozzle structure, the combination of a nozzle divided into two principal parts in a cylindrical plane and provided with a plurality of huido-discharging passages, means located at each end ofj the nozzle for holdingr the partstogether, a su port having a recess with concentric side wal s into which the nozzlemay be inserted or withdrawnas a unit,

the said walls holding the parts of the nozzle in contact, means for uniting the nozzle and support,'and,conduits in the support for supplymg fiujd to the 'nozzle passages. l

In witness whereof- I have hereunto set my hand this twenty second day of June, 190`7.

i HENRY s. BALDWIN. IVitn'esses:l I, i

JOHN A. McMANUs, Jr., HENRY O. WEs'rENDAnP.

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