US768597A - Turbine-bucket. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED AUG. 80, 1904.

H. GBISENHNER.

TURBINE BUCKET.

APPLIGYATION FILED AUG. 2K1, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

W f@ U Inventor Henry Geeenhner'.

Witnesses Patented August 30, 1904.

l w UNITEDfSTAT-'Es @PATENT OFFICE.

l citizenvof the United States, residing at Schenwhich the following is a specification.

Turbines driven by fluid under pressure are turbine-wheel.

` portion 6, of reduced size, having an overl port.

vand to the claims appended thereto.

with which the sectional detachable iianged HENRY GEISENHNER, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GEN- ERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A yCORPORATION OF NEWV YORK.

TURBlNE-l-BUCKET.

SPECIFICATION .forming part of Letters Patent NQ. 768,597, dated August '30, 1904.

.Application filed August 21, 190Z.`

To a/ZZ whom, t muy con/067%:

Be it known that I, HENRY GEISENHNER, a

ectady, in the county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbine-Buckets, of

provided with revolving buckets of special formation. Certain types of turbines are provided in addition with stationary buck ets, also of special formation, andthis special formation may or maynot be' similar in both cases. The bucket structures may be divided into two general classes, one class including all buckets which are formed integral with their support, the other class including` all buckets which are detachable from their sup- The'present invention belongs to the latter class, and has'for its object to improve and simplify the construction of the buckets and their supports.

For a consideration of what I consider to be novel attention is directed tothe specica'tion In the accompanying drawings, which represent an embodiment'of my invention, Figure 1 is a perspective view of Va portion of a Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a pair of buckets detached from the Wheel, and Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the same.

l represents a wheel or other support havl ing a peripheral flange 2 formed' integral therewith. The flange. extends on one side only of the web of the wheel or support. On the opposite side of the web is a shoulder 3,

ringl engages. The sectional flanged ring is provided with a shoulder which registers or interlocks with the one formed on the web. The shoulders on the wheel'and detachable ring by reason of their `interlocking largely relieve the strain on the attaching-bolts due to the centrifugall action. The periphery of the flange is turned true, as at 5, to form a seat for-the inner or 'under surface of the buckets. `Itis also provided with a grooved hanging wall that engages with the base of Abe mentioned here.

serai Nt. 120,495. (No model.)

- thebuckets and assists to retain them in place.

, The sections of the detachable ange or ring are also provided with a portion of reduced size having an overhanging wall, so that when the parts are united a dovetail groove'is provided to receive the dovetail projection on the buckets.

The sectional ringfl is preferably turned out of solid stock, after which it is divided into sec-v tions; biut it can be made'of several separate pieces. v This is sometimes advantageous4 where the diameter of the ring is great. The sections are preferably large enough to retain several buckets, but can be arranged to hold a single bucket, and are secured by bolts 8,.

, which pass through the web. The heads and nuts of the bolts are situated under the flange 2 and the sectional flange on the ring and are protectedl thereby. The inner edge of the detachable flange or ring l is provided with a slight projection at 9, which rests on the 1wheel-web between the retaining-bolts and `the shaft. left between the adjacent side walls or faces, jof the wheel and the flange, so that the re- This causes a slight space to be taining-bolts ,can firmly clamp the parts together. To put the matter in a different way, the sections of the ring l touch at-two places, one being on thewheel and the other on the .detachable buckets, and the bolts exert their pressure between them.

The buckets l0 are given any suitableshape or conformation. In the present instance each bucket has a' curved front and back face which conform to certain requirements that need not They may be cast, dropforged, or cut out of solid stock. The two firstmentioned methods of construction are desirable owing to the reduced cost. When the parts are cast, they may be finished by special tools, so that they will be counter-parts, and in this manner the cost is reduced to a minimum.

Each bucket is provided with a rectangularl base l1, having inclined sidewalls which'register with the inclined side wall of the groove formed in the wheel. In other words, each bucket is` provided with a dovetail projection, by means of which it is clamped .in place. The

bases of the buckets are relativelynarrow and have considerable length as measured on the circumference of the support. The ends of the dovetail projections are cut on radii eX- ybase or projection ll and the under side thereof is finished so that it will make a good lit with the periphery of the flanges 2 and 4. This arrangement serves to give' stabilitjT to the buckets and also makes a steam-tight joint. The peripheral portions of the wheel, clamp, and bucket-base form the inner part of the working passages between the buckets. The outer end of each bucket is provided with a tenon 12 of suitable shape and is arranged to receive and hold the sections of the cover 13. After the bucket-s are assembled the cover-sections are applied and the ends of the tenons riveted over by suitable means. The cover is made in sections, and the sections may or may not break joint with the sections of the flange 4. In any event it is desirable to make the sections of both relatively small, so that the buckets can be removed when desired. When the sections of the cover and the sections of the flange 4 extend over the same angle, it is a simple matter to remove a section comprising one or a number of the buckets and substitute anew bucket or a number of buckets. rIhe joints between the flange-sections may break joint with those between the bases of the buckets, as shown in full lines, or they may coincide, as is indicated in dotted lines. The latter is advantageous, as it permits me to remove the buckets held by a single Hangesection without affecting any other flange-section. The cover-sections are provided with slots to receive the tenons, and the ends thereof are notched to receive one-half of a tenen when assembled. The tenons are given such a shape that they may be easily riveted over to hold the cover in place.

The'present bucket is for use with turbines of the jet type, and it is desirable to provide covers for the fluidpassages between the buckets; but the retaining means can be applied to those turbines which have no bucketcovers.

The invention has been described in connection with the revolving' member of a turbine; but it can be applied equally well to the stationary or intermediate buckets.

It is evident from the foregoing that if one or more buckets are injured it or they may be removed and new ones substituted at a small cost.

Turbine casings are commonly provided with one or more openings which are covered during operation,4 and by removing these covers the wheel may be repaired without disturbing the remainder of the apparatus. It is owing to this fact that l prefer to make the ring 4 of relatively small sections, so that they can be removed through the openings. The bolts are made relatively short for the same reason and are so situated that a socketwrencli can be used.

A single wheel has been shown in the drawings; but it is to be understood that a immber may be employed with intermmliate buckets situated between them. Vlt is owing to the fact that intermediates are intended to be. used with the wheel illustrated that the distance between the end faces of the two Ilauges is made practically the same as that between the ends of the buckets measured on a line parallel with the ufheel-shaft. Such a condition demands that the retainingdevices be arranged to occupy a very small space.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes Vl. have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but l desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

lVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

l. In a turbine, the combination of a plurality of buckets, each having a dovetail projection forming its base with side portions which extend beyond the base, a support, and a detachable ring for clan'iping the buckets in place, the sup port and ring being` formed with a dovetail groove, and provided with surf.1ces which engage the projecting side portions of the buckets for supporting them and forming a part of the working passage between the buckets.

2. Ina turbine, the combination of a plurality of buckets, each having a rectangular base having a greater length than width measured circuniferentially ol the wheel, a support, a sectional detachable flanged ring, the support and sectional ring being provided with means for retaining the bases elI the buckets, and transversely-extemling bolts for securing the detachable iiange or ring to the support.

3. In a turbine, thc combination of a plurality of buckets, each having a base which is narrower than the blade, a wheel or support having a portion which engages with the inner end of the bucket and also assists in holding the buckets in place, a detachable segmental ring having a portion which also engages the inner end of the bucket and assists to hold the buckets in place, and a shoulder on the ring which interlocks with a shoulder on the support.

4. In a turbine, the combination of a support, a detachable sectional llange or ring, interlocking shoulders formed on the support IOO IOS

llO

IIS

' port, detachable-buckets mounted thereon, a1

` securing the partstogether," and buckets, `each having a dovetail base which enters the groove and extended side portions which rest on the support and the sectional ring.

5. In a turbine, the combination of a supsectional detachable ring for securing the buckets in place, and a sectional cover, the parts of which are secured to the buckets.

6. As an article of manufacture, a detachable turbine-bucket comprising a curved body portion having a rectangular base which is narrower than the bucket, measured in an axial plane, and longer than it isb wide, and a tenon to which the cover'is secured.

7. In a turbine, the combination of a plurality of buckets, each having a rectangular base which is narrower than the bucket, measured in an axial plane, and longer than it is wide, the bases of the buckets engaging with each other and acting as separators, a grooved support for the bases, a detachable sectional ring for securing the buckets in place which engages with the under side of the bucket, and bolts which extend parallel with the shaft for holding the sections of the ring in place.

8. In a turbine, 'the' combination of a support, an annular undercut shoulder and an annular flange on said support, a curved re-V taining` lelementsecured to said support and adapted to engage said flange and form with saidshoulder Aan undercut channel, and buckets detachably mounted in said channel.

9. In a'turbine, the combination of a support, a peripheral undercut shoulder and an annular side flange disposed around ltsrim, an annular recessed ring engagmg said lange and forming with 4said shoulder an undercutA peripheral channel, and a plurality of buckets secured in said channel.' V

lOL In a turbine, a wheel or support, an undercut annular channel formed by peripheral anges, one of which is integral with said wheel or support and the other formed by a peripheral ring engaging-a shoulder of said Wheel or support and detachably secured thereto, and aseries of buckets held in place between said flanges. i

In Witnesswhereof I have hereunto set my hand this 19th day of August, 1902,-

kHENRY GEISENHQNER. Witnesses:

ALEX. F. MACDONALD, BENJAMIN B. HULL,

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