US1221087A - Construction of turbine and like rotors. - Google Patents

Description

c. A. PARSONS, A. Q; 'cARNEeiE & s. s. COOK. CONSTRUCTION or TURB iNE AND "LIKE ROTORS. APPLICATION FILED 01:19. 19:3.

Patented Apr. 3,1917.

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Snecification of Letters Patent Application filed October-'9, 191s. Serial 12th; 794,353.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES ALGER- NON PARSONS, K. G. B., a'subject of 'the shaft attachment.

land, and residingv at 'Heaton Works, New' castle-upon-Tyne, in the county of North, 'umberland, England, and STANLEY SMITH COOK, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Turbinia \Vorks, Wallsend-on-Tyne, in the county of Northumberland, England, have invented a certain new and useful Improved Construction of Turbine and like Rotors, of which after which the ring is accurately machined,

the following is'a specification.

This invention'relates to the construction of rotors for'turbin'es and the like.

Asat present constructed such rotors are generally made from a Weldless steel tube or are machined out 'of a steel ingot, processes which are extremely costly, especially in the case offstepped rotors.

The object of the present invention is to provi'dea method of constructing rotors by which the rotor shall have great strength and rigidity and be produced at a smaller 30 cm than has hitherto been possible...

The invention consists in a turbine or like rotor in which each of a plurality of short members suitably attached to one another or to the rotor shaft has a surface forming part of the total cylindrical surface of the rotor.

The invention further consists in a rotor constructed of a plurality of short members capable-of formation by such ordinary proc esses as rolling, flanging or welding, and having means permitting of ready attachment to one another or to the shaft on which thev are mounted. I Y

The invention also consists in the improved construction of turbine and like rotors hereinafter indicated.

Referring to the accompanying drawigure 1 is a longitudinal section through a stepped rotor embodying OIIGII'IOdlfiCatIOII of th present invention and illustrates one form of attachment to the shaft.-

Fig. 2 shows an alternative construction in which intermediate disks are omitted,

and also shows an alternative methodof mounting upon the shaft. r

Fig. 3 shows an alternative method of Patented A r. 3, we;

In carrying the invention into effectaccording to one construction, and as illustrated in Fig. 1, the short members, a, hairing a surface, 6, forming part of the total,

cylindrical surface of the rotorare tubular; and have inwardly projecting circumferential flanges, 0. Such membersv are preferably made by bending sheet metal of channel section into ring formation so that the flanges project inwardly and extend circumferentially' The ring is then completed by .w'elding the ends of the sheet together by the oxy-acetylene or other known process,

the flange faces being either.plain or recessed to form spigots. i

The short members or rings are then bolted or riveted together, as shown at d, to form along tube-with inwardly project'- ing ribs, the members being preferably ar-- ranged so that the Welded joints of adjacent members do not come into. line with one another, by whichv means increased strength of the structure as a .Whole is obtained independently of the strength of the welded joints.

Urenerally there is inserted between the adjacent rings or between pairs or groups of rings a plane disk 0, having a central opening which is usually reinforced for instance by an angle ring, 9, and may be mounted upon a hub fitting tightly on the rotor shaft '70, or screwed to anenlarged part of the shaft, as at 'h. It isnot essene tial, however, that all'the disks rest" upon the rotor shaft as clearance f, may insome cases be provided. Gertain ofthe disks may conveniently be secured to the shaft by screwed rings Z, holding them against shoulders.

The intervening disks e,are preferably of strength .suflicientfto support the-entire circumferential portion of the [drum inde- -pendently of its circumferential strength so that, for example, in the case of a faulty weld .of any one ring the structure will still be strong enough to withstand all stressesto which it is subjected. 7

Although a construction of rotor has described in which the shaft is carried through the drum composed of short members with or without disks, the flanges of the short members are sometimes of 511thcientxthickness and rigidity that when the members are bolted or riveted together with or without the intervening disks, the whole tube thus formed has a rigidity approximating that of a uniform tube, but in re gard to circular form, a rigidity superior to that of any uniform tube.

This, construction is illustratedin Fig. 2 in which a plurality of channel ring-members a, of the same diameter. are bolted or riveted together. Where a change of di? ameter occurs a cast or forged reducing member 2 may be employed having flanges for the purpose of bolting-it to the flanges of the members, a. At the high pressure end of the'rotor, a special channel ring member 3 of cast steel is provided having a boss'et bored to receive the shaft, Jr, and connected to the ring'by webs, 5. A further flanged ring member 6 having one flange turned outward is provided to carry packing rings.- The other end' of the rotor is provided with a steel casting 7 carrying a boss 4 to receive the shaft is. The member rotor. To the side of the member 7 another member 6 for carrying packing means is provided.

Distance pieces, 7', of any suitable shape may be inserted between the disks, 6, resting upon the rotor shaft, 70, see Fig. 3, and may be -riveted or otherwise attached to the disk against which they abut, or if desired, the hub, g, reinforcing eachdisk may be so designed as to avoid the necessity for providing distance pieces between the disks.-

When the disks are rigidly attached to a central shaft it is sometimes preferable to make some or all of the disks of such a thickness that their flexibility provides for adifi'erence'between the longitudinal expansion of the shaft and that'of'the outer portion of the drum. Also when necessary, suitable holes, n, may be made in the disks for thepurposeof equalizing pressure or enabling the interior of the rotor to be readily accessible. Holes may also be provided in the disks and flanges for the escape of water. I

Such a construction of rotor, it will be seen, is of great advantage when the rotor is of the stepped type comprising portions of diflerent diameter, since it enables such a rotor to be constructed without difficulty and at a cost only slightly in excess of that of a rotor of constant diameter.

In a rotor'constructed in accordance with. the present invention the separate members may'be attached to the shaftkin any construction of the rotor is thus rendered less expensive than hitherto,.while the construction is one having great strength and rigidity. a

The improved construction may, moreover, be applied to rotors for turbines of any type, whether of the impulse, reaction or combined impulse reaction types, and is'also applicable to the construction of wheels such as are used for the gearing in land or marine turbine installations.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent -i's:

1. A rotor comprising channeled members bent into ring form, each with its ends welded, said ring shaped members thereby.

having annular flanges and means for uniting aplurality of said memberstogether to form a group, substantially as described.

2. A rotor. comprising in combination a plurality of channel section elements united in a group, a further plurality of channel sectionelements of less diameter than the first mentioned elements united in-a second group; elements having inwardly turned flanges connecting said. groups of elements, and spiders connected to the free ends of said groups of elements.

3. A rotor. comprising in combination a group comprising a plurality of channel section elements, means'connecting said ele ments, a further group of channel section elements of less diameter than said first mentioned elements. means connecting said 'further group of channel sectionelements,

elements having inwardly. turned flanges between said groups of elements, and means connecting said inwardly turned flanges to said groups of elements.

In testimony whereof, we aflixour' signatures in presence of two witnesses.

' cinatrs KLGERNONIPARSONS. mam) QUINTIN CARNEGIE.

STANLEY SMITH 000K.

Witnesses:

. FREDERICK GoRnoN HarD roRn,

ALFRED GILMOUR.

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