US1269998A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

K. BAUMANN.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1.1915

1,269,998. Patented June 18, 1918.

1v 3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

/I WITNESSES; 3 INVENTOR:

K. BAUMANN.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1. 1915.

1 ,269,998. Patented .J un 18, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES; 4

INVENTOR: fiar/ Baa/11am,

K. BAUM'ANN.

V STEAM TURBINE- APPLICATION F'ILED FEB-L 1915.-

1 ,269,998. Patented J 11110 18, 1918.

INVENLI'OR WITNESSES:

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KARL YBAUMQNNOFQURMSTOR', ENGLAND, I I I THE wnsrmenousn nnnormc gai vmnnrncr un i I "riencedj in connection with. steam turbines, 10.-

especially those of large :size, isto insure that the steam shall' pass quickly from the last row of blades through the," casing to the ,exhaust'pipeh Since in a horizontal turbine the opening from the casing into the exhaust 15.,pipe is in a plane 'approxi'mately perpen- Thlades, the steam from the portion'of the .ing," the lower po ft'ionof the blading in a 20.horizontalturbine;willmeet'the ste'ainflow- I v The end cas ng oftheturbmejco'nsists of {an upper portion 1 'and a lower portion 2 ing adifierent direction from thej'remaining portion of the blading; with the result i gth 'ateddies are set up which seriouslyin- ,te rere with the uniform passage of steam g I v v I jtwo'cheeksfi'the inner partsofwhich rn'eet'so he'condensei'. inorder to obviate theabove disadvanthe exhaust portion of the turbinecas- 4 'accordingQtO this invention, partit oned on into separate compartments from eachflof which a passage leads to the exhaust orifice or pipe communicating, with thecondenser. Said passages areso arranged that,

. atlthe gpoint at which they open into the exhaust orifice or pipe the steam passing I through each o f themwill be flowing in substantially the 'samedirection. In this way the 'formation of eddies due to the steam U 55:15: flowing indifferent directions from various ;por1 tionsy of the last row of blades will be avoided.

ner desc ibed, the ez'ihaust portion of the turbine casing can, for a givenoutput and efficiency, be reduced-in size,fw ith a conthe machine. v

Looked at in another way the invention may be said to consist in the provision of one or more bafiies or partitions in the exhaust portion of the turbine casing, so constructed as to separate the steam flowing from one portion of the last row of blades from that flowing from another portion thereof. Said bafiles are continued along the exha: st portion of the casing sufliciently far "s'rnan-rnniarivn i I Specification 01mm; meat. L pnlicatioiifiled rebruar i; 1915f serial 10.35.58 1;

or-pipe. .usefu'l Improvement in Steam-Turbines,

"t eflea ofFig. 1, I

By dividing up the exhaust in the mansequent reduction inthecost-of this part of 3 Pawnee to insure that all of the steam from the several portions of the last row of blades shall be fiowing in substantially the same direction whenfit reaches the exhaust orifice *One' method ofcarryingout theinvention is shown in the "accompanying drawings in whichFigur-e 1 is a longitudinal 'section of the eirhaustendof a turbine in which the steamQdeliVered from the last] row of blades Baind injits passage" to the exhaust opening is" divided into four distinct streams. Fig.

2 isa plan view of the same;'the upper half of the; figure showing only the lower portion of the turbine. Fig. 3 is a sectional' -view"70 on the line II IIII ,Fig; 2. Figs. 4 and 5 I fa fe transverse fsectioiis on the lines IV Q IV jblading which isnea'rest the exhanst op env d d y a shaded view of'the united by flanges 3, 4 in the aer al way; The upper portion 1 is divided at the to'pfto form.

in a 'vertiqa1'ed'gef61 the inner portionsfof the iflang e of each cheekgbeing 'united'by a" semi -circular c'urve"7."- QBetween Jthese cheeks the upper part for theibearing iho'using -is located. The 'upper andinn'er consaidinclined portions '9, 10 maybe joined by a transverse web 12 from' which the lower 'part 13 of the bearing housing maybe supported. The 'spacebetween the inclined pors tions 9, 10 is closed by, attransverse dia 9.5 phragm 14 which unites at its mi es and 1ipper part ,withthe saddle shaped surface 18 and is extended -to unite at 15, 16 with the outer: containing walls of thelowerportion 2 ofthej casing. Said diaphragm is curved toward the blading as shown clearly in Fig.

3 and finishes at the top by two straight edges 17, 18 (Figs. 4 and 5). The bottom edge 19 of the diaphragm extends across the exhaust port 20 as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5. In front of the diaphragm, that is nearer to the blading, the web 11 may be continued by a web 21 extending from the curved portion 8 downwardand joined at 22 to the lower portion 2 of the end casing.

Someidea of the shape of the four passages formed by the partitions above described willbe obtained from the shaded view Fig. 6 which shows clearly that-the steam issuing from'thebla'ding will be divided into four distinct streams which unite at the exhaust port at. which. point, however, the. steam in all the streams is'flowing in the same direction. The steam being directed by gently curved surfaces the formation of eddies will be greatly reduced if not en tirely' eliminate I In addition to directing the steam flowing from'the last row of bladesto the exhaust pipe, and thereby increasing the efliciencyof theturbine, the partitions .or diaphragms above described stifienthe exhaust portion of the turbinecasing to a very material de-i gree and make itpossible to place the turbine .has been employed for the purpose of "strengthening the casing. Sucha strengthbearing, directly above the exhaust pipe.

.This is now done with turbines of comparatively small siz'e,-but with larger sized machinesit would not be desirable to locate.

the-bearing in this position in the absence'of partitions or diaphragmssuchas those here- 'inabofve described. I- am awarethat in some cases in hon-'- zontal turbines a longitudinal vertical web ening web has not, however,.been continuous but has had one'ormore orifices therein,- as

is usual instrengthening webs of this kind.

' Whether such a web was continuous or not is, ,however, immaterial because in the first place such a web has not been constructed so 1 as to divide up the exhaust steam in, the

' of bla' 45.

' prising a rotor element, a-stationary casing manner contemplated by this invention, and in the second .place avertical web alone would not accomplish the objectof this invention as it will be readily understood that with a vertical web the steam' escaping from 1 the upgerportion of one half of the last row es would, as it-passes. downward to the. exhaust port, be flowing in a difierent direction from that of the steamescaping from the blading in the lower half of the turbine, with the result that eddies would be formed, which it is the object and purpose of this invention to avoid. What I-claim J 1. A steam turbineof the type in which the fluid discharged from thelast 'row of moving blades changes itsdirection of flow in passing to the turbine exhaust port, cominclosing the rotor and having an exhaust port formed therein, a plurality of exhaust comprising a rotorelement, a casing therefor. having an exhaust port formed therein, substantially' radially extending partitions located within the exhaust chamber of said casing and dividing the interior thereof into a plurality of exhaust passages, each communicating with theexhaust port, and. each having a substantially segment shaped inlet which receives fluid from a portion only of the outlet of the last rotor wheel.

3. In a steam turbine in which the: ex-

.haust opening is in; a plane perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the plane of the last row of blades, radially extending partitions positioned within the exhaust the exhaust chamber into compartments for turbine exhaust, to reduce loss due to eddies.

4. A steam turbine comprising a rotor, radially disposed blades .mounted on the rotor, and a stationary casing provided with an exhaust port and surrounding the rotor and having an exhaust chamber formed therein in which fluid exhausted last row of radially. disposed rotor blades changes its direction of,flow in passing to the exhaust port, characterized by that a plurality of substantially segmental exhaust passages are formed within the exhaust chamber, between the .last row of rotor from thechamber in such a manner'as-to subdividefi separately conveying portions of the steam flowing from the last row of blades to the blades and the exhaust port and are so arranged that each exhaust passage at any instant receives steam from less than the total number of the last row of rotor blades. I In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this twelfth dayof J anuary, 1915. y

y BAUMAN'N. -Witnesses5 E QW,

'Oamrenrn Hxarm.

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