US1473690A - Serial-flow turbine - Google Patents

Description

NGV. 13,1923, www

O. H. VVOLNER SERIAL .FLOW TURBINE Filed May 31 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nm 13A, 3923i, 4 lpgg@ O. H. WOLNER SERIAL FLow TURBINE Filed May s1, 1922 :s sneetsushwf; S

v vivente/c @am/Wmv Sw @M953 Patented hier. ld, i223.

entre erts artnr OSC'AR H. WOLNER, OlF ELCGR, MINNESOTA.

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Application le May 31,. 19222. Serial No. 564,758.

To aZZ whom t 'may concern:

A Beit known that l, OSCAR Hnnnn'r WOLNER, a citizen of the United States of Aunerica, and -a resident of Elcor, in the d county-of St. Louis and State of Minnesota,

m scriptlon of the invention, such as will en! able others skilled in the 'art to which it 'appbrtains to make and use the same. refl erence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or gures'of reference )1li marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

lMy invention relates to serial How turbines, and consists in providing means whereby the steam is admitted at a pluralm ity-of points about the periphery of the turbinel casing through controlled nozzles. The steam from each nozzle acts on the rotor blades a plurality of times, and is divided each time into two lateral streams by a 25 ycentral'- rib on ,the rotor and then exhausts 'laterally to two exhaust chambers, one on each'side of the biedingl and is conducted to a 'common discharge. y The turbine may. operate in 30' with acondenser or not, as desired.

' The steam distribution is such that the turbine starts with great facility and the separately controlled steam nozzlesA enable vutilization of the steam variable in accord` 35 '.ancewitha wide range of power requirements v Referring to the drawings, which illustrate my invention, Vand in which like parts are similarly designatedl 40 Figure 1 is an enlarged partial longitudinal-section through a steam supply nozzle and the adjacent blades. l

Fig. 2jis 'a section von line 2-2, Fig. 1.

Fig..`3 is an end view, partly 1n section, .45 and-"- y l l' Y.Figa 4 isa longitudinal section through the entire turbine.

Lhavfe chosen to illustrate my invention lin connection with a turbine ofthe discou type having' a central rotor ldisc t, Fig, 3,

conjunction secured by bolts 7 or otherwise between flanges 8 of two alinedshafts 9 and 10.

and 12 on a base 13.

The rotor 6 has a hub or annular flange 14C that fits against theinner edges of the two lateral dished cover members 15 and 16. Annular external ribs 17 near the center of these members provide sucient metal for the holding bolts 18 for securing packing glands 19. Y

These shafts are mounted in pedestals l1v At the periphery these covers 11.5 and 16 (which are somewhat dished are wider apart than at their center, an secured between them is the annular steam distributing member 20, having a middle peripheral live steam channel 2l and two lateral peripheral exhaust channels 22 that terminate or discharge into the exhaust lpipe union 23. A

The uve steam 'pipe union 24, rig, 4., .is

shown located in a horizontal position, but

may be located at any other point of the' periphery to suit the conditions existing at the plant where it is to be used.

There are also provided supports 25' for lthe turbine that are bolted tothe base 13.

iltl

Around the steam distributing member are steam valves 26 controlling steam supply nozzles 27. The valves 26 are tapered and have screw-threaded portions 28 of at least as tQreat a diameter as the valves so that each individual valve may be readily removed without removing the bushing' 29,

shown in enlarged View, Figs. l and 2.

The rotor '6 has a central rib 30 between lateral flanges 31 forming two continuous grooves 32 having rounded bottoms, the outer sides of the grooves being decidedly inclined to the central vertical plane through the rib tu facilitate the enit vof steam.

The rotor is slotted from sidente side and inserted in these slots are the dat plate turbine 'blades 33 which `with their rounded 'Shanks 34 are slightly tapered for a proper ldriving lit. 1 The guide blades 35 are similarly made. ln the middle member 2() the dividing portion 36 has inwardly projectile" danges- 37 which some O the guide bla es are' tted charge openings 40, Fig. 2, to the exhaust channels 22, and behind each exhaust chamber 39 are two expansion chambers 38, which arrangement prevails between each two successive steam supply nozzles 27, the

object being to cause the steal 1 from the steam nozzles 27 to act directly on the rotor blades 33,`and' as these pass the vstationary 'guide blades 35 to expand'it a plurality of times in. pockets 38 and cause the Steam after each expansion'to act again on the rotor blades, finally exhausting justbehind the next 'inlet nozzle 27.

The operation is as `it'ollows:

Live steam is admitted, to the turbine through inlet union 24 and fills the steam channel 21. The cone valves 26 are gradually opened andj steam passesthrough the nozzles 27 and impi'nges on the rotor blades 33, being divided into two streams by the rib 30. As the rotor moves past the stationary guide blades steam from the pocket formed between two successive rotor lblades issues in twostreams between the next successive guide' blades 35 into the first expansion c amber 38, passes around the root of blade 37 therein tothe opposite side blade and is directed again against the rotor blades, this operation, in the present instance, is repeated in the following expansion chamber 38, and the steam finally leaves the rotor through exhaust chamber 39' and passages 40 in a divided stream to the two exhaust channels 22 to the exhaust pipe at 23. The steam in .passing from between a moving pair of rotor blades while expanding in an expansion chamber is of course augmented by, steam from the next following blade.

Any leakage at the joint between the rotor and stator passes into lateral chambers 4l between the rotor'disc 6 and the casing' members 15 and ltlvproducing a counter pressure, while radiation of heat from the live steam channel 212i is guarded against by arranging it between the exhaust channels 22. i

The bevelled ends .of the stator blades 35 are somewhat wider than the bevelled ends of the rotor blades 33, so that there will be a period of time when there will not be a continuous open passage from an inlet nozzle 27 to the exhaust.

I claim--4 l. In a serial flow turbine, a bladed stator having a peripheral `steam channel and a peripheralexhaustv channel' at each side 'tion with a bladed rotor and seated in iheslots of rotor.

7. In a serial flow tubine, an annularY Jfrom said live steam channel, expansion chambers between successive nozzles in the rotor plane, a bladed rotor havingfia midrib forming a pair of buckets between each two succeeding blades, said pair of buckets not exceeding the width of said nozzles and expansion chambers, there being lateral exhaust ports in Said stator to exhaust cham be s behind each nozzle,v

'il In a serial How turbine, a bladed'stator having live steam'and exhaust channels, a plurality of angularly spaced, valve-controlled steam inlet nozzles to admit steam from said live steam channel, an expansion chamber between successive nozzles, an ex`- haust chamber back of each nozzle and a bladed rotor having a rib dividing the steam into lateral streams tolsaid expansion chamber and exhaust.

4. In a serial li'ow turbine, a stator having a middle member having a peripheral steam channel, and Hat blades arranged' in transverse slots in said stator and extending from side to side thereof, steam inlet nozzles to admit steam between a pair'of blades, aplurality ot expansion chambers between suceessive nozzles, an exhaust chamber behind each nozzle and peripheral exhaust channels flanking the steam channel, each exhaust chamber having ports leading to both of said exhaust channels.

5. In a serial flow turbine, the combinaldisc having a central flange, (lished covers spaced from said disc and :formingr leakage chambers, and a packing gland between said flange and Covers.

6. In a serial flow turbine, a stator transversely'slotted, a rotor transversely slotted, and laterally removable flat transversely tapered plate bladeshavng enlarged Shanks said stator and steam distributing member having a middle steam channel and a continuous exhaust channel on each side of sald steam channel, steam nozzles Supplied from said channel, a bladed rotor .having a mid rib forming pairs of buckets between each two su'cceeding blades, dished covers secured .tol

said member and between, which said rotor points behind the respec-Y turns, and packing means between the rotor and covers. v

8. In a Serial iow turbine, a biaded peripheral steam distributing member, dished 5 covers secured to said member, a bladed rotor disc mounted between said covers,v a

packing between said rotor and Covers, e

continuous elef tinuous eiiiane steam channel in testimony het as my inentien i here Si hereto.,

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