US973472A - Turbine-nozzle. - Google Patents

Description

T. BROADBENT. 1

TURBINE NOZZLE.

APPLIOATIOK FILED MAR. 2a, 1908.

Patented 6015.25,.1910.

Inventor.

JILL g homasBroadben t,,; I

UNITED sTATus PATENT orrrcu.

THOMAS BRQAJJBENT, or'scHENEc'rAnY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL unscrew ooMrAnY, A CORPORATION or NEW roux.

I eras/a Specification of Letters IPatent.

TURBINE-NOZZLE Patented Oct. 25, 1910..

-.Application filed March 28, 1908. Serial No. 423,809.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS Bnosnumvr, a subject of the King of Great Britain, re

sidinga't Schenectady, county .of'Schenem tady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in TurbineNozzles, of which the following is a specification.

- The present invention relates to nozzles or fluid discharging devices for elastic fluid turbines. Its object is to improve the constr-uction of such nozzles and to, provide nozzles which can be. economically manufactured, readily assembled, and that will per form their functions in an eflicient manner.

In the accompanying drawing illustrating. one of the embodiments of my invention,

- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a'group of ngzzle members wlth part of the holder for the'same broken away; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a fportion of a turbine showing the relation 0 thenozzle to the buckets; Fig.

' 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the nozzle in section and illustrating the manner in which the motive fluid is directed against the buckets; F lg.4 is a sectional view through a nozzle and a holder ofa' slightly modified form; andliig. 5 is a perspective view ofan alternative form of nozzle member.

The invention is illustrated as applied to axial flow turbine but it can be applied to. other types of turbines. In an axial flow turbine the wheel or rotor 1, mounted on a relation to. the buckets.

may, if desired, be formed integral with the shaft mot shown) to move therewith, carries one or more rows of buckets '2 on it s periphcry. If more than one row of buckets are employed, intermediate or stationary buckets 3 are securedto the turbine casing 4; and projectbetween the rows of buckets 2. The

number of wheels will be varied to suit the o erating conditions to be met by the turs b no, and nozzles will be provided for delivering steam from the source of supply to the initial wheel and, in a stage machine where a number of wheels are employed, from that wheel to the next and so on. Mounted upon the wall of the turbine steam chest or upon the diaphragms 5 between the successive stages of the turbine and secured in position by boltsorother devices are holders 6 by which the nozzles are held in proper The inner holder diaphragm 5. These holders are provided with shoulders 7 with which the flanges 8 of large diameter of the holders. the front edges of the lateral walls l0is a transverse wall 11, Fig. 1, preferably-of subthe nozzle members engage and. between which and the adjacent surface of the wall or diaphragm these flanges are held, but other means of securing the flanges to a support may be employed. under other conditions.

The individual members 9 are arranged in nested relation in groups and direct the steam flowing from the space above the diaphragm against the'buckets 2. The number ineach group will bedetermined by the volume of steam to be delivered to the wheel or a portion of it. In somewinstances these groups extend overand supply only a portion of the circumference of the wheel, while in others they extendentirely around its circumference. The individual members of each group are identical in structure.- Each comprises two lateral or side walls 10, the outer faces of. which conform or approximate in shape to the inner faces of the holders but are preferably not in direct contact with said faces, a small clearance being provided between them to avoid the necessity of; accurate fitting. The outer facesof thewalls 10 extend straight downward from the flanges and may usually be plane surfaces because of the relatively stant-ially uniform thickness, which curves downward from the upper face of the nozzle and is continued fronrthe end of the curve in a substantially straight direction at a suitable angle to the lower face of the nozzle. The rear edges of the lateral walls are unconnected and conform intheir general shape to that of the transverse wall 11, so that when the individual nozzle members are grouped in nested relation, Fig. l, the front face of one wall 11 forms the rear wall of the nozzle passage 12," while its rear face forms the front wall of a similar nozzle passage The terms front and rear as appliedto the wall 11 and the edges of the wall 10 are merely relative and vare'usedfrn' the sake of convenience in describing the invention. Obviously the'tra'nsverse' wall can join either the front or the rear edges of the lateral. walls. Fig. 5 shows a nozzle memher having a wall 11 joining the rear edges of the walls 10, the front edges being un-' connected. Members of this construction can be grouped or nesteu in a manner simi- Connecting lar to that shown in Fig. 1. The wall 11 or 11 is in either case common to two of the nozzle passages. The upper edges of the lateral walls are provided with outwardly directed flanges 8 which engage with the shoulders 7 formed on the holders. The form orshape of the nozzle passage can be changed to suit the operating conditions in the particular machine or portion of a machine where the nozzles are employed. This can be readily done by changing the form of the surfaces of the walls 10 and 11 which bound the nozzle passage without afiecting the outside of the members. Thus the nozzle may be made erpandingor non-expanding. as desired.

t The nozzle members may be made of cast metal having physical characteristics adapted to meet the conditions-to which the nozzle is subjected, or they may be struck up from suitable sheet metal, or drop forged. Little or no machine work will be necessary to finish them ready for use, but if any is required all of the surfaces are readily accessible and can be finished at small expense. This would not be possible in a nozzle having walls completely inclosing the nozzle passage.

in Fig. l, the holder H is provided with a shoulder 15 which engages the lower edges of the nozzle members and assists in supporting them. This construction will be found advantageous under certain conditions, but ordinarily the structure shown in Fig. 2 will be very satisfactory.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of ope ation of my invention, together with the apparatus which 1 now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is, r

1. A turbine nozzle comprising a support, and a group of nested, individual nozzle members mounted on the support, each member having two lateral walls spa ed apart and provided with flanges which p jeet out \vardly adjacent the upper cdgis of said walls only and engage the suppo; t, the elements otthe surface forming the outer face of each wall being straight lines extending downward from the flange, and one transverse wall joining the two lateral walls which is common to two adjacent nozzle passages.

2. A turbine nozzle conv :ising a support and a group of nozzle members mounted on the support, each member having two lateral walls provided. with flanges along their up-- per edges only which engage said support, there being a clearance space between said walls and the support, and one transverse wall joining two opposite side edges of the lateral walls, the other two opposite Side edges of said walls being unconnected and parallel to the outer face ofthe transverse wall so that the members may be grouped with the unconnected edges of one member in engagement with said face on the next' member tojorm a nozzle passage between said members. i

3. A turbine nozzle comprising a group of nested nozzle members, each member having two lateral walls with their upper edges parallel to their lower edges, flanges projecting outwardly at right angles from the upper" edges only of said *alls, a transverse wall connecting two opposite side edges of the lateral walls, the other two opposite side edges being unconnected, and said transverse wall being common to two adjacent, nozzle pas sages, and inholder for said menilbers having an opening in which the group, is located,

shoulders at one side of the opening with which said flanges engage, and ther shoulders at the opposite side which engage and support the lower edges of the lateral walls.

4. A turbine nozzle comprising a group of nested, individual nozzle members, each member having two parallel side walls provided with flanges which project outwardly.

along their upper edges only, the elements of the surface forming the outer face of each of said walls being straight lines extending downward from the flange, and atransverse wall connected to the side walls which is common to two adjacent nozzle passages, a support, a holder for said member which engages at least one of its flanges, and means for securing the holder to the support.

.In witness whereof, l have hereunto set my hand this QTtlrday of i\Iarch,-1908.

. "itnesses:

.llnLnN ()nronn, FRANK J. Donn.

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