US8434962B2 - Friction welding joint of two two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other - Google Patents

Friction welding joint of two two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other Download PDF

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Publication number
US8434962B2
US8434962B2 US12/514,946 US51494607A US8434962B2 US 8434962 B2 US8434962 B2 US 8434962B2 US 51494607 A US51494607 A US 51494607A US 8434962 B2 US8434962 B2 US 8434962B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
connecting body
friction welding
component
collar
welding joint
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US12/514,946
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English (en)
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US20110182657A1 (en
Inventor
Eberhard Christ
Jorg Thiem
Torsten Fuchs
Gerhard Dubiel
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Ejot GmbH and Co KG
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Ejot GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of US8434962B2 publication Critical patent/US8434962B2/en
Assigned to EJOT GMBH & CO. KG reassignment EJOT GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHRIST, EBERHARD, FUCHS, TORSTEN, DUBIEL, GERHARD, THIEM, JOERG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
    • B23K20/1295—Welding studs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/002—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/42—Plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/47—Molded joint
    • Y10T403/477—Fusion bond, e.g., weld, etc.

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a friction welding joint comprising a plurality of two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other, which are held together by means of a connecting body, which rests on an upper component by means of a collar.
  • a friction welding joint of this type is known from DE 196 20 814 A1.
  • the friction welding joint used for this purpose is produced by the fact that the closed front of the connecting body, which is designed either as a flat cone or having serrated grooves, is placed on the upper component and penetrates the latter by means of rotation under pressure.
  • the upper component is plasticized, and a resulting molten material connects the two components to each other.
  • the material of the upper component must be either melted or machined over the entire cross-section of the connecting body penetrating the upper component, it being unclear how the chips may be removed. If the relevant area of the upper component is melted, this requires a considerable amount of energy.
  • the method known from the publication for producing a friction welding joint between two components positioned on top of each other therefore involves substantial technical problems.
  • a similar method for producing a friction welding joint between two thin sheets positioned on top of each other is disclosed in PCT publication WO 98/04381.
  • a round stamp is used as a friction element having a radially cut-away flat front, which is pressed through the upper thin sheet by means of rotation and pressure, whereby the latter melts.
  • the stamp then penetrates the lower thin sheet over a relatively short length, and the lower thin sheet also melts, resulting in a melt zone that cylindrically surrounds the stamp to a certain extent, by which means the two thin sheets are held together.
  • the stamp is then withdrawn from the melt zone.
  • the object of the invention is to produce a friction welding joint of a plurality of two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other, in which a concentrated rotary friction welding zone is produced in the area of a contact zone, narrowly limited in space, around a connecting body, and material that is necessarily displaced from the two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other may be collected in such a way that the material does not cause disturbance when the friction welding joint between a plurality of components positioned on top of each other and a connecting body is fully assembled.
  • this object is achieved in that the connecting body is designed as a tube piece, and the upper component is penetrated by the connecting body having a front annular cutting edge by means of rotation and pressure, wherein the connecting body, after cutting through the upper component with the front thereof and accommodating the cut-out material of the upper component in the hollow space thereof, together with the lower component forms a friction welding zone created by means of rotation and pressure of the connecting body.
  • the connecting body Due to the design of the connecting body as a tube piece, the hollow space in the connecting body results in a space for accommodating the material from the two-dimensional components that must be displaced from the connecting body when the latter is placed under pressure and rotated, in order to ultimately produce the necessary friction welding zone in the area of the front of the tubular connecting body.
  • Designing the connecting body as a tube makes it possible to utilize the front of this tube piece as an annular cutting edge, which needs to remove and plasticize only a relatively small amount of material from the two-dimensional components only in the relatively narrow area of contact with the two-dimensional components, which is important for providing the necessary energy for heating the material.
  • the collar attached to the connecting body is utilized for holding the two-dimensional components together, and this connecting body rests on the upper component by means of the collar and presses the latter against a lower component, which is connected to both the front of the connecting body and the lower edge of the upper component by the friction welding zone, so that a permanent, durable connection results between the two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other. While this may preferably involve two components positioned on top of each other, a lager number of two-dimensional components may also be connected to each other in this manner.
  • a suitable design of the connecting body results when it is designed as a hollow bolt. However, it is also possible to design the connecting body as a nut.
  • the upper component may be advantageously made of light metal. However, it is also possible to design the upper component in plastic.
  • the lower component which may be made, for example, of either metal or plastic.
  • connecting body Various options for the material used also exist for the connecting body.
  • An advantageous embodiment is to produce the connecting body from metal.
  • the annular cutting edge of the connecting body which penetrates the two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other by means of rotation and pressure, with regard to the function of the annular cutting edge, the latter is advantageously provided with a sharp outer edge on the connecting body designed as a tube, the front of the tube merging with the hollow space in the shape of a funnel, which makes it easier to accommodate the molten material from the two-dimensional components.
  • the outer edge may have a closed circumference in the manner of a knife blade, it is also possible to provide the outer edge with teeth.
  • a spring element that presses against the upper component is suitably provided between the collar and upper component.
  • the collar is pressed against the upper component during standstill after forming the rotary friction welding zone. This is suitably done by means of an axial compressive force acting upon the collar when the connecting body is at a standstill.
  • the collar is suitably provided with an annular ridge on its side facing the upper component, this annular ridge acting to a certain extent as a seal to the outside in the radial direction. Due to the resulting high surface pressure, the annular ridge is pressed into the upper component.
  • FIG. 1 shows a connecting body designed as a hollow bolt
  • FIG. 2 shows a friction welding joint between two two-dimensional components, held together by the connecting body according to FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification of the connecting body according to FIG. 1 , having a bolt provided with an outer thread;
  • FIG. 4 shows a connecting body designed as a nut
  • FIG. 5 shows a connecting body having a spring element
  • FIG. 6 shows a connecting body having an annular ridge on the collar.
  • FIG. 1 shows a connecting body 1 , designed as a tubular hollow bolt, which comprises tube piece 2 , whose front 3 is provided with annular cutting edge 4 .
  • the material of tube piece 2 starts from annular cutting edge 4 and merges with hollow space 6 of connecting body 1 in the manner of a funnel 5 .
  • Connecting body 1 has collar 7 on its side opposite front 3 , the collar being drawn as a partial cross-section and merging with hexagon 8 on its side facing away from front 3 .
  • Hexagon 8 is used for accommodation in any chuck of a rotary machine.
  • FIG. 2 shows the friction welding joint, including the connecting body according to FIG. 1 .
  • This figure shows the two two-dimensional components positioned on top of one another, namely upper component 9 and lower component 10 , which rest snugly on to of each other.
  • Tube piece 2 has penetrated upper component 9 until reaching lower component 10 by means of rotation and pressure of connecting body 1 , which causes displaced material 11 to be pressed out of upper component 9 into hollow space 6 in tube part 2 .
  • displaced material 11 is thus safely accommodated in tube piece 2 and is unable to exit therefrom, since friction welding zone 12 has formed on the front of tube piece 2 and holds component 10 securely connecting body 1 .
  • This friction welding zone 12 merges with displaced material 11 , at least on the surface, and thereby holds it in place.
  • connecting body 1 presses its collar 7 against upper component 9 , which is thereby clamped to a certain extent between collar 7 and lower component 10 .
  • two components 9 and 10 three or more two-dimensional components may also be provided with the connecting body.
  • FIG. 3 is formed in the case by a hollow bolt 13 .
  • Thread 14 which makes it possible to attach a further component to hollow bolt 13 via any nut, is cut into hollow bolt 13 .
  • Hollow bolt 13 has a through-bore 15 , which is designed like hollow space 6 in the area of front 3 (which corresponds to front 3 according to FIG. 1 ) and has narrower through-bore 15 in the area of thread 14 , this narrower through-bore 15 ending in a hexagon socket 16 on the side of hollow body 13 facing away from front 3 .
  • Hexagon socket 16 is used to accommodate a tool of a rotary machine, by means of which connecting body 13 may be rotated as well as pressed against two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other. Reference is made to the explanations for FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 for further details on the function of connecting body 13 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a further modification of the connecting body, in which the connecting body is a nut 17 .
  • Nut 17 has a tubular design, which means it has a hollow through-space 18 for accommodating material cut out of the upper component.
  • connecting body 17 is provided with a hexagon in order to be securely clamped into a driving tool.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 With regard to the function of front 3 of the particular connecting body, in which connecting bodies 1 and 13 are provided with blade 4 on their fronts 3 , the blade running in an annular manner along the outer edge of front 3 and forming funnel 5 toward the inside, via which material cut out of upper two-dimensional component 9 may be transported into hollow space 6 .
  • front 20 is provided with teeth 22 along its outer edge 21 , whereby the teeth mill material out of the upper component in the manner of a milling cutter when placed on an upper component, the material then being transported to hollow space 18 or 6 of the relevant connecting body in the manner described above.
  • FIG. 5 shows connecting body 1 according to FIG. 1 , which, according to FIG. 5 , is additionally provided with disk spring 23 .
  • Disk spring 23 is pushed onto tube piece 2 beneath collar 7 and, in the active state, as illustrated in FIG. 2 , is used to press against upper component 9 under a particular spring pressure, whereby, even if rotary friction welding zone 12 (see FIG. 2 ) does not draw connecting body 1 snugly against upper component 9 , the latter nevertheless has pressure applied to it by collar 7 , due to disk spring 23 , which is now under tension.
  • FIG. 6 shows a modification of the design of the connecting body, which in this case is provided with annular ridge 24 in the area of collar 7 on the side facing upper component 9 .
  • Annular ridge 24 runs along the outer edge of collar 7 and to a certain extent forms a seal when it comes to rest against the surface of upper component 9 , so that, when material liquefied as a result of producing friction welding zone 12 is pressed from both components 9 and 10 on the outside of tube piece 2 in the direction of collar 7 , the material should also flow beneath collar 7 , where it is prevented from exiting to the outside by annular ridge 24 .
  • connecting body 1 according to FIG. 6 is pressed against upper component 9 in order to produce the aforementioned secure seal by means of annular ridge 24 .
  • This pressing action suitably takes place as a separate process at the end of connecting body rotation, i.e., when it is at a standstill, by applying pressure from its rotary tool to connecting body 1 , by means of which connecting body 1 is pressed into the upper component.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
US12/514,946 2006-11-15 2007-10-29 Friction welding joint of two two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other Active 2028-11-22 US8434962B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006053800 2006-11-15
DE102006053800.5 2006-11-15
DE102006053800A DE102006053800A1 (de) 2006-11-15 2006-11-15 Reibschweißverbindung von zwei aufeinander liegenden flächigen Bauteilen
PCT/EP2007/009366 WO2008058625A1 (de) 2006-11-15 2007-10-29 Reibschweissverbindung von zwei aufeinander liegenden flächigen bauteilen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110182657A1 US20110182657A1 (en) 2011-07-28
US8434962B2 true US8434962B2 (en) 2013-05-07

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US12/514,946 Active 2028-11-22 US8434962B2 (en) 2006-11-15 2007-10-29 Friction welding joint of two two-dimensional components positioned on top of each other

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8434962B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2091685B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5590650B2 (de)
KR (1) KR20090089855A (de)
CN (1) CN101557901B (de)
DE (1) DE102006053800A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2393629T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2008058625A1 (de)

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US20130094896A1 (en) * 2010-06-23 2013-04-18 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Connecting element for a friction-welded connection for connecting at least two panel-like components
US10060482B2 (en) * 2013-01-21 2018-08-28 Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg Joint-site design comprising a hub and a shaft or a gear being friction welded
US20200282490A1 (en) * 2019-03-06 2020-09-10 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Fastening element for friction welding and method for friction welding a fastening element onto a planar workpiece
US20210088062A1 (en) * 2017-05-04 2021-03-25 Maxime Grojean Insert intended for the assembly of a first part and a second part by electric resistance welding, and assembly method using this insert
US11440083B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2022-09-13 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Connecting element and component connection and method for the production thereof
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DE102008014599B4 (de) 2008-03-17 2018-01-25 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Futter zur Halterung von Befestigungselementen für eine Reibschweißverbindung
DE102008028687A1 (de) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-24 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Reibschweißverbindung von mehreren aufeinanderliegenden flächigen Bauteilen
EP2329905B1 (de) * 2009-12-03 2012-05-30 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von Kunststoff- und Metallteilen
JP5915042B2 (ja) * 2011-09-12 2016-05-11 株式会社ジェイテクト 摩擦接合構造及びポンプ装置
KR101459614B1 (ko) * 2013-04-30 2014-11-07 주식회사 신영 차체 마운팅부의 용접 방법
CN105517749B (zh) * 2013-12-23 2018-01-19 上海交通大学 摩擦焊接结构组件、水冷内燃机的缸盖、水冷内燃机以及装有水冷内燃机的机械装置
DE102015207052A1 (de) 2015-04-17 2016-10-20 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Verbindungselement zur formschlüssigen Verbindung mit wenigstens einem Bauteil
DE102015213633B3 (de) * 2015-07-20 2016-11-03 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Fügen von mindestens zwei Bauteilen mittels Reibpunktschweißen und einem als Fügeelement ausgebildeten Reibelement sowie Fügevorrichtung
DE102016107961A1 (de) * 2016-04-28 2017-11-02 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbinden zweier plattenartiger Bauteile
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DE102019104318C5 (de) 2019-02-20 2023-06-22 Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh Elektrischer Leiter sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Leiters
CN110524105B (zh) * 2019-08-14 2022-05-24 西北工业大学 一种用于摩擦焊的旋转焊具及焊接方法
CN111299807A (zh) * 2020-04-14 2020-06-19 江苏磐一智能装备有限公司 一种具有铝层排开功能的搅拌摩擦焊
CN113857696B (zh) * 2021-11-17 2022-05-17 广东铭鑫机电装配科技有限公司 一种薄金属板激光切割装置及其下料方法

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US20130094896A1 (en) * 2010-06-23 2013-04-18 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Connecting element for a friction-welded connection for connecting at least two panel-like components
US10060482B2 (en) * 2013-01-21 2018-08-28 Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg Joint-site design comprising a hub and a shaft or a gear being friction welded
US20210088062A1 (en) * 2017-05-04 2021-03-25 Maxime Grojean Insert intended for the assembly of a first part and a second part by electric resistance welding, and assembly method using this insert
US11898596B2 (en) * 2017-05-04 2024-02-13 Maxime Grojean Insert intended for the assembly of a first part and a second part by electric resistance welding, and assembly method using this insert
US11697173B2 (en) 2018-05-09 2023-07-11 Brigham Young University Systems and methods for friction bit joining
US11440083B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2022-09-13 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Connecting element and component connection and method for the production thereof
US20200282490A1 (en) * 2019-03-06 2020-09-10 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Fastening element for friction welding and method for friction welding a fastening element onto a planar workpiece
US11577338B2 (en) * 2019-03-06 2023-02-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Fastening element for friction welding and method for friction welding a fastening element onto a planar workpiece
US20230173607A1 (en) * 2019-03-06 2023-06-08 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Fastening element for friction welding and method for friction welding a fastening element onto a planar workpiece

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KR20090089855A (ko) 2009-08-24
JP5590650B2 (ja) 2014-09-17
ES2393629T3 (es) 2012-12-26
CN101557901A (zh) 2009-10-14
WO2008058625A1 (de) 2008-05-22
EP2091685B1 (de) 2012-09-05
EP2091685A1 (de) 2009-08-26
JP2010509072A (ja) 2010-03-25
DE102006053800A1 (de) 2008-05-21
US20110182657A1 (en) 2011-07-28
CN101557901B (zh) 2012-11-14

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