US813042A - Inverted incandescent gas-burner. - Google Patents

Description

No.. 813,042. PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906.l

H. FARNOPP. INVBRTED INC'ANDESCENT GAS BURNER.'

' APPLICATION FILED AUG. 2, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTE) PEB. 2o, 1906.

H. FARNOPF. INVERTED INCANDESGENT GAS BURNER;

APPLICATION FILED AUG, 2, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES. ie- ATENT- onirica..

HENRY FARNOEFQF Borra-.no IN-Ew YORK.

' aNvEnTEDmo/ANDESCENT emi-BURNER.

' Specification-ofltetteralatnti ippnaeoanea-regm 2.1906; i serialucztaaau.:

rai-.emga Feb. 2o, i906.

To all whom ift/may concern: Be it known that I, HENRY FARNOFF, a citi-- zen of the United States, and a resident of Bui-J falo, Erie county, State of invented certain new andfuseful Improvements in Inverted Incandescent Gas-Burners and my preferred manner of carrying out the invention is set forth in-the following full,

n clear, and exact description, terminatin with claims articularl ls ecifyin the nove t This ihvention rerelaptesto'laignps and gasrttmgs, andmore especially to gas-burners of the incandescent type; and the object of the same is to im rove thev construction of inverted or ang e lights of this character in three essential particulars. -The first of these is the Bunsen tube, with its internal and external details. The second is the regulating-valve, with its improved tip,v and the third is an automatic safety mantle attachment, which may well be used with a tube of A'natural or artificial gas,

which the sup ly'is cut 0H or turned on.V -This pipe may 3,) whose lower tively. Fig. 6 is an elevation of the Bumsen tube. Fig. 7 is an end view of the mantleholder. Fi 8 is a detail showing a group of.v

burner-nozz es fed by a single Bunsen tube and each provided with my improved automatic safety mantle attachment'.A Fi 9 is a perspecive detail of the metal mantleolder.`

Referring to the accompanying drawin s, the numeral '1 designates the feed-pipe or and 2 is the cock by e screwed upon the nipple of an ordinar chandelier or side' light vwhich Will have t e cock. The pipe may be bent about as shown, and its u per end is tapped into the side of a valve-c amber 4,v (see Fig.

ence, has a removable tapered ti 5, pierced with a central jet-orifice 6, throug which the gas is ejected. This orifice is regulated or closed by. the (point of a needle-valve 7, whose vstem is threa ed through the top of chamber -New York', have -narily7 however,

` central oriiee-Will Figs. 4

end 'is reduced or, by 'preferi f 4, .hasainilled 8 at its upper end, and is siirrouridejlv a coiledexpansive spring 9 between said "eed and chamber to hold the stem fri'ctionallyvv 'fter it hasbeen set. Ordi- I'fmd after many tests that while a'nee'dIe-valve regulator with'only a ces'sfull on inverted burners, probabl because t e resistance of theupward dra t necessitates Asuch a large orifice that the gas issues in too large a jet to mix thoroughly with work on upright burners, i where the dr ftassists, it will not operate sucthe air.' Itherefore provide in the tip addi l tional orifices 10 out of the center and not regulatedor closed by the needle, using one Y for naturall and'twofor artificial gas, as shown--y in Figs. 4fand 5, respectively. The gas always issuesLfrom these supplemental-orifices when theI cock is open; but as they are small it is hardly sufficient to feed the light. By

regulating the central orifice alone I find I l can' secure constant W pressure, prevent the light froniickering, secure better mixture of the air and gas, and avoid back-,flashing and c'arbonizin ,fw-hen the speciallyconstructed Bunsen tu eldescribed below is used. -Said back-flashing is perhaps the greatest c b'ectionurgedagainst this typel of burners.

"long experiment I have discovered that'if the' Bunsen tube be' constructed interiorly, las shown in Fig, 2 back-flashing will be avoided. From-the inlet 11 at its u the air-inlet holes 12,-whic a collar 13, as usual, the interior bore of, the tube 14 tapers downwardly for something ter.

per end adiaeenty v are regulated by more than half its length. Then it is suddenly enlarged to roduce the downwardly-facing angular shou der 15. Beneath such shoulder it is' cylindrical, as at 16. Again it isvfurther, enlarged to produ-ce another facing angular shoulder 17," and, finally', it is again cylindrical within the nozzle A18.

. With a Bunson tubel thus constructed it will not be necessary to explain to thosefamiliar with the art w at takes place when the air and gasare admitted further than to say that, they commingle within the tapering portion of the bore and ass downunder considerableressure and' Iurn with .a blue flame ownwardlyy IOO Where t ey lpass out at the nozzle 18. With a mantle of lproper `size and sliep? the air and gas thoroug ly' mixed will pass zle downward and strike u on the bottom of the mantlel at its center an will then diverge om the nozand flow upward along its lsides, thus producc ing incandescenc'e throughout a' large portion of its area. It is well known that in upright incandescent. burners the mixed air and gas as it llows from the nozzle assumes a pointed or conical shape, and if the top of the mantle be closed the tip of this cone would strike it at the center, with a tendency to pass through and upward, exactly the 'reverse of what takes'place in an inverted burner; but it is important to note that the use of a Bunsen tube `with this interior configuration, combined with the specially-arranged regulatingvalve above described, does prevent backflashing on weak-pressure gases, and when turned down lowit. prevents back-flashing on all gases. Furthermore, I have found that this shape of Bunsen. tube, combined with this regulator-valve, prevents carbonizing, another undesirable condition found in many burners of this type. The mixed air and gas enters the mantle 19, which is thoroughly protected bythe globe 20, and the products of combustion risewithin the latter. One' further point of improvement in the Bunsen tube is afforded by the manner inwhich this globe and its superimposed defiector are supported without the use of additional and removable elements, as lwill now be described.

At a suitable ppint on the Bunsen tube there is formedan annular ridge or shoulder 21,-

and just above it are cast several upright webs or ribs 22, which taper upwardly. In assembling the parts the gallery 23 is first passed downward over the tube from its upper end, wedged upon said ribs and pressed closely down upon the ridge 21, and next the deflector 24 is brought into position in the same way.

body is obviously of the proper size and configuration to shed the rising products of comy nozzles fed by asingle Bunsen tube. Broadly,

this .idea is old; but, as indicated in dotted lines, a single globe may surround the group, and'hence the same support for the gallery and defiector may be employed, it being only necessary to make the globe of the desired Size an shape so as to accommodate the hlirger volume or space occupied by the mant es.

-The other rincipal feature of myL present invention is the mantle attachment, which is perhaps best seen in Figs. 6, 7, and 9. Formed upon the Bunsen tube, as by casing and at a point just above the nozzle 18, are two annuar shoulders, the upper one e being complete 'and the lower end b being broken or cut away at regular intervals into, say, three sectors, as shown. At one point a pin c connects these two shoulders fixedly. At one point The dcflector has a hub or collar- 25, which spaces it from the gallery, and its above a s ace in the lower shoulderv b the uper shoulder a projects radially, and a pin fits oosely in an upright hole in this projection d. Said pin e has a head f at its-upper end, and its lower end g may be upset slightly or even also headed for the purpose of preventing its displacement from proper position, while yet permitting it to have a vertical looseness. When hanging normally in position, this pin stands across the annular groove between the two shoulders. When raised, it clears the same. The mantle 19'is of the usual type, though smaller, and its manner of manufacture is immaterial, excepting that it is by preference sold attached to the metallic or pipeclay ring h. lThis ring has at its upper end inturne( tangs i, Whose size', position, and number correspond with the spaces in the lower shoulder b. If it be of metal, the extreme inner ends j of the tangs are upturn'ed to lit the groove between the two shoulders.

If it bc of clay, the tangs will themselves be sufliciently thick to do so. The ring may also have outturned tangs o, by which it can be conveniently sup orted within the inclosing box, in which t e mantle is ,sold to the consumer. In applying this mantle and ring to my improved burner it is simply brought into osition with the tangs surrounding the nozz e 18 and then moved upward. The tangs passthrough said spacesin the lower shoulder b, and one of them elevates the pin e, after which the ring is turned` around the nozzle until one tang strikes the fixed pin c. Mean- While the pin e drops back toposition, and the ringD cannot thereafter be removed without first liftingsaid pin e. I consider this form this type. It is only necessary to remove the I globe from its gallery, remove the old mantle and ring, and apply the new. In doing so it is not at all necessary that the operator IOO should touch the mantle 19, and. only a lifting and a twisting motion u on the ring are necessary. Hence there is t e least chance that a delicate mantle will be broken. clear that the same form of mantle attachment can be used inthe group arrangement typified in Fig. 8, and, in fact, this mantle attachment can be used on many other kinds of Iio It will be inverted incandescent lights without depart ing .from the spirit of my invention. It

should be particularly observed that when Ythe mantle is applied tothe nozzle it is automatically locked in place, after which it withstands all vibration and cannot be accidentally knocked out of place when cleaning the globe.` 1

The points of novelty are as follows:

-1. Inan inverted incandescent gas-burner, l

the combination with the Bunsen tube having .air inlets, and the mantle; of a valvechamber screwed into said tube, a,removable tapered tip for said chamber within the. tube through the top. of the chamber and having bination with the Bunsen'tube, and the globe;

' mantle atr its lower end, a globe around the annular shoulders with a groove, between, the

lets, and the mantle; of a Bunsen tube hav .shoulder opposite one of said intervals;of the mantle, a ring fast therein, and inturned and extending past said inlets, the end of the tip having a plurality of orifices, a ,large one in the center and smaller ones at the sides, a gas-feed pipe tapped into the side of the chamber, a needle-valve threaded axially its point directed into the central of said orifices, a head at its upper end, and a coiled exansive spring upon its stem between said ead and the-chamber.

2. In an incandescent gas-burner, the comof a gallery for the globe, an annular shoulder on the tube, and ribs at right angles to and tapering away from said shoulder and adapted to receive the gallery.

3. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with the Bunsen tube, the

latter, a gallery for the globe, and a delector standing above said gallery,l of an annular shoulder on the tube, and upright ribs also. on the tube adjacent to and tapering away from said shoulder and adapted to frictionally receive the hubs of the gallery and deflector.

' 4. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with the air and the gas ining its bore tapered downward from the airinlet for part 'of its length, a cylindrical nozzle, and an interior annular shoulder between said tapered bore and nozzle and facing to-` ward the latter.

5. An inverted Bunsen burner having its bore tapered downward from the air-inlet for part of its length, and cylindrical for the remainder of its .length in a plurality of sizes separated from each other and from'the .tape'r'edport-ion' by angular annular shoulders facing toward the/nozzle. i

6. In an inverted incandescent gaseburner, a Bunsen tube having a downwardly-taper-- ing mixing-chamber, a cylindrical nozzle, a cylindrical bore between them, and an interior annular shoulder next the mixing-chamber and facing toward the nozzle. y

7. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, a substantially vertical Bunsen tube whose bore Icomprises two cylindrical portions of different' diameter and a mixing-chamber tapered downward toward the nozzle, all separated from each other by angular annular shoulders.

8. Inan incandescent gaseburner, the com-- binationwith the nozzle having two exterior shoulder near the end being cut away at intervals, and a pin movable through the other tangs within the4 ring adapted to said intervals. 4'

9. In an lnverted incandescent gas-burner,

the combination with the nozzle extel rior annular shoulderswith a groove between 6 5 the lower shoulder being cut away .at intervals, a headed Y in movable through a hole in the upper shou der opposite one of said intervals, and another pin ixedly connecting the shoulders; of the mantle, a ring fast therein, and inturned tangs within the ring adapted to pass through said 'intervals 10. In aninverted incandescent gas-burner,

the combination with the nozzle having extepoint; of the mantle, a ring fast therein, and y mturnedr tangs within the ring spaced to enter the intervals and adaptedto the height of the groove.

11. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with the nozzle having exterior shoulders. with a groove, between, the lower shoulder being cut away at intervals, a gravity-lock supported by the upper shoulder above one interval and hanging normally across. said groove, and a fixed stoA between the shoulders at another point; oft e mantle, a metallic ring fast therein, inturned tangs at its upper end spaced to enterthe intervals and one of them adapted to raise said lock as the ring is applied, and upturned inner extremities on said tangs 'adapted to lill the height of said groove.

12. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a Bunsen tube having a mixing-chamber tapering downward toward the nozzle and an interior shoulder; of the gas-supply tip having a plurality of orices, and aneedle-valve regulator for one of them.

13. In an inverted incandescent gas-burner, the combination with a Bunsen tube having a mixingchan1ber ta ering downward toward the nozzle, a cylin rical nozzle and an intesupply tip .directed into said .upper end, andv a needle-valve regulator therefor.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my -signature this the 27th day of July, A. D. l1905. Y

HENRY l' FARNOFF.

Witnesses A. THERY BAKER, ELIZABETH KLEINs'rnUnER;

IOG

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