US928527A - Plural-jet burner. - Google Patents

Description

QHARLES LUNGREN, Ola" BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGN (lit T0 fll'l E St l llil i LY-All I'll Fa LIGHTING GOMPAN Y, A JOTtPDRATIOIJ 0F NIH lit.

at it a BURNER.

Application filed February 2c, 1908. enial No. QGELWY.

m it may concern: out that if, JHARMW-d M. L'oueeeu, lfteyonee, in the county of Hui "tete of New lei'eey, have invented w J and motel Improvements in. imoeto, of which the following is and exact description, such as i others skilled in the art to which t we to make and use the same. erection broadly relates to systems .eiug apparatus; but it more pare coerce gasilluminating systems 'ovieion is made for maintaining a a mantle, at an incandescent tion has in View, among other liepl ovision of an improved means complete combustion of gases as their conduits. I

.t object residing Within the con-- .ol this invention is to provide a tai ning a zone ofuniform intemperature immediately adjaewox'king parts of the mantle, illuminationaiiorded by the be; as uniform and intense as os ccusietent with thefull utilization o the combustion of the gases.

rection also seeks to provide ejecting and burning combustible dltlh a way that the hottest zone of I Q'tlame will have a configuration r in. exact conformity with the 0 tr e selected mantle.

cl; wltlim tliepurpose of, this provide a means especially I Ul efficlently transforming the cal.- potvei' of the gas into a serviceable to. "nation through the instrumentality ol egientlee oi anyklesirecl contour, especially Bl} the inverted type.

" the? object is to provide a learner 1102;- 1 will deliver a" flame eclalptegl to? ing a mantle at incandescence With- .L temperature zone and Without oecot to material fluctuation as a result oi oiicanal'y variations in the pressure of the e or from other changes in conditions. .z'tiw-jtluar obj" ct is to devise a means of the kclass (lfifii. lfloct ailiorougli iced whiolafwill llltjiflllg of he gas Wllll'l e11 prolnninat to its lifecllacge from. the nozzle and which Wlll sol I $pecifioation oi Lettero Patent.

- ineiter described and the ltatentetl July to, woe.

sequently eii'ect a complete combustion of Stlvil Without mrmitting the flame to etrilte back into the n ixing chamber, even when the parts are relatively hot Another object is to formulate a means which will more thoroughly diffuse the gas aml Elli. pilot" to ejection into the turning cone, and thus enable the utmost calorific ettoct to lie obtained from. the combustible uiaixturc.

Another object is to z'ovido an i'eetrumea tality oi the class spoci lE-Ml'VilllCll, tremolo operative standpoint, willie uea e poesees a l'iigli degree of elliciency and eileotivenees, and which, structurally considered, will be of the greatest possible simplicity, being com. posed of but few parts, all adapted for being made at a minimum of cost and individually so formed as to be capable of being readily assembled intoa neat and compact arrangement for accomplishing the purposes intended.

Other objects and advantages will lie in art obvious and iu part pointed. out here matter. i

With these and other ends in 'VIlEW, this invention accordingly consists in the feat turcs of construction, combination of parts, and arrangement of elements which will. lac exemplified in. the embodiment thereof herescope of the apoli. cation of which will be indicated in the i'ol lowing claims. x

in order that this invention may lDQ more fully understood and made comprehensible to others g 'lecl in its telatiuo' erte rlratings 1 t l llluem'atua it convenient time]: ol' c ari ying t J 1 v 1 out tlae ere appeeuotl a of tlue and, While the controlling;

epeciiicatiou, principles oi the zeveotiea meg lee othce Wise applied lay modifications follie Witllie' emlaolimeot ta tliet W1 lac, pzrefeyalilc to regarded provemente e er" o. n ol the seemingly obvious variations of the same.

in such. drawings, it is to be noted that like numerals; refer to corresponding parts tln'ouglnimt all the figures, of Wl1icl1- Figure l a sectional elevation showing details of one cmlmdimeut the scope eitl e claims the heroin disclosed a E t m lotriii practice, and is it-lttl, mt

ca tale invention 1 it will oi'ilinalily lit) ill]

"Mil

the gases ejected from the device shown by Fig. 2 burn in actual operation.

As tending to render better understood the essential features of-this invention, it

may be briefly pointed out that, in apparatus employing mantles for purposes of illumination, it is requisite that all portions of the mantle be located within the hottest zone of the burning gas, since the illuminating propertiesof the mantle largely vary in proportion to the extremes of temperature to which it is brought. In the usual-construction, this desideratum is seldom attained. because the mantle itself is quitethin and varies in confi uration, so that, it is difficult to so precise y locate it in the flame as to realize the desired effect. F urthermore, the flame itself varies greatly in tem perature throughout its extent, and in the case ofthe old style burners, the sha e of the maximum temperature zones se dom conforms closely with the shape of the mantle. Obviously, the best practice would dictate that a mantle be sha ed so as to occupy the hottest port'mn of t e flame, but it has been, found to be diflieult to maintain the proper relationship, particularly when the mantle is generall of a spherical shape and is inverted. A

has been encountered in prior constructions resides in the fact that the combustion of the flame has not heretofore taken place in the most complete manner on account of the .solid nature of the flame and, as a consequence, the highest heat in a relatively extensive region has not been realized. Moreover, the flame has a most annoying way of "striking back, both at the moment of initial ignition and also subsequently thereto, especially in the case of inverted lamps, in which the burnernozzle and mixing and expansion chamber frequently become highly heated by the escaping products of combustion.

The above mentioned defects are in a great measure obviated'by this invention in which the gas is intimately mixed with the proper amount of air and the resultant carburetedv mixture is ejected as a flame having a comparatively extensive zone of greatest tom-- 'perature closely conforming in configuration with a lobular inverted mantle. 'lhe nature of t is flame and the relation of the ap paratus thereto is such that it is not on y comparatively insensitive to ordinary pressure fluctuations, but' it does not strike rther difliculty that back in the manner commonto other types. This will be better appreciat d by referring to the accompanying drawings, in which 1 denotes a conduit leading from the gas supply or reservoir. This'conduit nrovides I; a bore into which is screw-threaded the injector nipple 6 having an orifice 7 adapted to, deliver a fine very elongated jet 8 which issues at a very high velocity and preserves its shape for a very considerabledistance. 7; Surrounding this nipple and jet, is a tube 3 having air inlets 4 and leading to a mixing and expansion chamber 5. The air inlets 4 are perfectly encom asscd by a shield 2 which is screw-threa: ed to the periphery of 83 the tube 3, as shown. The orifice 7 has a relatively fine bore and the gas pressure is relatively high and such that the escaping gas jet cannot of itself be ignited on account of its high velocity. In coursing by the aper 8.? ture 4, such gas jet draws in the. requisite amount of air which iscarried along tube 5 and with which it is ultimately intimately diffused in the mixing and expansion chamher 5 which dill'usion 15 further accomplished at in the channel 9 of the burner conduit 10. The latter, as shown by Fig. 1, terminates in a tip 11 of semi-spherical or other bulging shape, provided with a plurality of radiating or otherwise disposed, elongated a ertures 9 12. It will be observed that the wal s of the tip 11 are of a considerable thickness and that the apertures constitute elongated nozzles, though the walls of the nozzles them selves, as distinguished from the tip, may be relatively thin, if desired, to secure better heat radiation.

Figs. 2 to 4 illustrate a modified form of tip 13, in which the apertures 14, of which seven will be a convenient number for smallsized lamps, extend parallel to one another and produce a flame as illustrated in Fig. 4.

While the tip is here shown as of similar material and integral with the gas conduit, it will be apparrnt that the same may be a feature distinct therefrom and may be fixed to said conduit either in a permanent or deta hable relationship. Furthermore, such tip may be of a different material suitable for the purpose and of refractory, non-eonducting, 11 5 or other nature.

In operation, it will be found that the combustion of the vgases will take place substan tially as shown by Fig. 4, in which a cluster of short blue cones 15 will be emitted from the reticulated tip and said cones will be en veloped by a very light gaseous flame 16 which, when'capped by a suitable mantle, will be deflected along the periphery thereof.

This invention is to. be istinguished from the wire mesh WlllCll has heretofore been apalicd overthe delivery orifice of gas burners. i, uch expedient has been resorted to in an endeavor to prevent the gas from striking back into the burner, but all users of manpassage and into said expansion chamber,

' infusion of fresh air, a depending burner 'aperture adapted to PIOJQCt an elongated l 'nipple, a burner tube leading downwardly whereby all the gases disohargedfrom the from said expansion chamber and having 4C delivery end of said nozzle will be ermitted at its lower extrenuty a symmetrical cluster to pass through the ineshes of said mantle of fine elongated delivery. apertures 'Whereby compass said delivery end of said nozzle prior to their ultimate discharge. I the gas will escape in the form of a composite A gas illuminating apparatus compris- I flame, and an inverted mantle com etely ing, in combination, a gas conduit, a mem I encompassing the lower end of said urner 5 her horizontally extending therefrom and tube and having its Wall positioned at a pre- I internally provided near its extremity with determined distance from said end and Withan enlarged mixing and expansion. chamber, in the zone of maximum temperature of the and having a straight passage leading diburning composite flame whereby said manrectly-to its opposite end, a nipple secured I tle will be maintained throughout in ain said gas conduit and having a fine delivery aperture adapted to pro ect an elongated. conical stream oi gas nndway through said highly incandescent condition.

4. A, gas illuminating apparatus comprising, in combination, a member having-an expansion chamber and a straight channel leading therefrom, a nippleihaving a fine 5 delivery aperture openin into said channel and directed toward sai'c expansion chamtube leading from said expansion chamber ber, adapted under normal pressure to proand terminating at its lower end in a pluject an elongated stream of gas midway ralityof narrowelongated delivery apertures through said channel at a velocity sufiiarranged to delivera corresponding plurality ciently great to prevent combustion, means of gas jets in the form of a com osite flame, for admitting fresh air by induction into and an inverted substantialiy spherical said channel near said nipple, a burner tube mantle mounted adjacent the end oi said leading downwardly from said expansion burner tube Within the zone of maximum chamber, and an inverted mantle eneom temperature of said composite fiame.- passing the lower end of said burner tube 3. Agas illuminating apparatus, comprisand having its globular Wall positioned ing, in combination, a member having an within the zone of maximum temperature en arged expansion'chamber and a straight of the burning flame. channelleading therefrom, a gas conduit In. testimony whereof I'afiix my signature, having a nipple provided with a tine delivery in the presence of tWo vvitnesses.

CHARLES M .'LUNGREN. 1

said member having air inlets leading toward the delivery end of said nipple for the conical stream of gas midway through said l channel in unbroken form and into said expansion chamber, means for admitting fresh air by injection into said channel-near said Witnesses:

FRANK- ST ART,

ROBERT S. BLAIR.

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