US778994A - Gas or vapor burner. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JAN. 3, 1905;

A. NURNBERG.

GAS .OR VAPOR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2, 1904.

Patented. January 3, 1905..

PATENT OEEICE.

ALBERT INURNBERG, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

GAS OR VAPOR BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 778,994, dated January 3, 1905.

Application filed June 2, 1904. Serial ITO-210,916.

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT NURNBERG, a subject of the German-Emperor, residing in Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Gas or Vapor Burners, of which the following is a specification.

In the incandescent gas-burners having an oxygen-supply as used up to the present gas and oxygen are admitted either directly to the flame through separate burner-openings or the combustible gas and oxygen are mixed (as in Bunsen burners) in the burner-tube or the two gases are allowed to meet shortly before reaching the burner-head. These burners have the following important drawbacks: In the first-mentioned case the two gases escaping separately from the burner only mix together to a very small extent, so that an excessive quantity of gas and oxygen is required and the object aimed at-that is, very high temperature, combined with economy of fuelis not attained. The drawback in the second case is that the gases in the burner form an explosive mixture, which besides beinga source of danger may lead to back-flashing of the flame. This back-flashing of the flame, especially when the velocity with which the gases escape is small, cannot be avoided and leads to the burner, becoming strongly heated and quickly destroyed. In the third case, as an example of which Daniels burner may be cited, the objection is that the separate gases do not become thoroughly mixed when escaping from the burner. It was hitherto usual to allow the gases to escape under high pressure, and it has been found impossible to avoid the desired maximum temperature of the flame being merely at the point, the consumption of the mixed gases being at the same time exceedingly high.

The above. drawbacks are obviated by the burner according to the present invention, which is characterized by the provision of a ring-nozzle opened toward the center of the ring, through which a combustible gas escapes under low pressure across the top edge of a pipe to which air or some other kind of gas capable of assisting combustion, but not itself combustible, is supplied. The current of the combustible gas draws with a force depending on its pressure the non-combustible gas and becomes mixed therewith in front of the ring-nozzle opening.

The accompanying drawing shows diagrammatically a vertical section of a burner and a lamp in which the burner is mounted according to this invention.

Lighting-gas under any desired pressure is supplied through a gas-pipe a to an annular chamber 6 between inner andouter concentric burner-tubes c and (Z. respectively. The bottom part of the outer tube (Z is connected at a in a gas-tight manner to the inner tube, and its upper end is provided with an inwardlyflanged cap 7", projecting inward over the top of the tube 0 and having an opening g of the same size as that of the inner tube 0. The inner edge r of the cap is turned obliquely downward and forms, with the beveled upper edge 7b of the pipe 0, a ring-nozzle The tube d is formed of two parts screwed together at it. By screwing the upper part on which the cap f is formed down or up the nozzle-opening vi is reduced or increased. The tubec is closed at the bottom by a screw-plug Z, provided with triangular recesses m, so that by screwing the plug Z up or down smaller or larger inlet-passages to the tube 0 are produced.

It'gas is admitted into the annular chamber 7) and allowed to escape through the ring-nozzle 2', it will be projected across the sharp edge A of the inner tube 0 and form in that pipe a partial vacuum, so that air is drawn in through the openings m and comes into contact immediately in front of the nozzle 11 with the current of gas, mixing with it and producing a hot non-luminous flame.

The burner acts exactly like a Bunsen burner and can be used for the same purposes-t'. a, for cooking, heating, and lighting purposes. As, however, gas and air are admitted through separate tubes and onlymeet immediatly before escaping from the burner, the unpleasant and dangerous back-flashing of the flame to the gas-inlet of the burner is completely avoided. This is of great importance, more particularly when the burner is used for incandescent lighting. It is of still greater importance when the burner, as shown in the accompanying drawing,is designed for oxygen-light: ing, for a mixture of gas and oxygen easily becomes explosive and the burner is more liable to back-flashing. As will be seen from the drawing, oxygen is supplied to the burner through a pipe 92, entering the lower part of the inner burner-tube 0 at a low pressure, which is, however, increased by the suction of the gas-ring nozzle '5 and passes in front of the said nozzle, mixing at that point with the combustible gas in a thoroughly efficient manner. The mixture of gas and oxygen is then lighted above the burner and forms an exceedingly hot flame, which renders the mantle p, suspended over the flame by means of the holder 0, intensely incandescent. By means of the air-supply-regulating screw Z it is possible to admit into the inner burner-tube c besides oxygen any desired proportion of atmospheric air. In that case the air mixes with the oxygen in the tube 0, and the mixture so formed is again mixed in front of the nozzle z'with the combustible gas escaping at that point, so that in the flame is burned a mixture of gas, air, and oxygen. This method of using the burner is of importance, in so far as the supply of air can be easily controlled, and thus the consumption of-oxygen reduced, the temperature of the flame being regulated as desired, and thus the lighting power of the mantle, depending on the temperature, adjusted to suit requirements.

In order to enable air, oxygen, or a mixture of both air and oxygen to be conveyed directly in front of the ring-nozzle i, even in large burners, in which the inner tube 0 is of large diameter, and in order to insure the above-mentioned air, oxygen, or mixture of both meeting and thoroughly mixing with the gas escaping at the point in question, the burner-tube 0 is provided with a distributer q, arranged in a central position in and at a small distance from the inner wall of the tube 0. This distributer consists of a rod or pipe closed at the bottom, which is preferably of conical shape and terminating within a small distance of the upper mouth of the tube 0.

The exceedingly thorough mixture obtained by means of this burner is of great importance, as it reduces the consumption of the combustible gas and oxygen almost to the theoretical minimum. It must also be pointed out that the burner according to this invention is not limited to the use of any definite kind of gases. othercombustible gassuch as, for instance, petroleum or alcohol vapor, generator-gas, and the like-may be admitted through the annular chamber 6 and allowed to escape from the nozzle 2'. Such gases will mix with the air and oxygen admitted through the tube 0 in the same thorough manner as lighting-gas.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A gas or vapor burner comprising an outer pipe, an apertured nozzle-head secured thereto,an inward downwardly-directed flange on said nozzle-head, and an inner pipe of sub. stantially the same diameter as that of the nozzle-head flange.

2. A gas or vapor burner comprising an outer pipe, an apertured nozzle-head carried thereby, an inward downwardly directed flange on said nozzle-head, an inner pipe of substantially the same inner diameter as that of the nozzle-head flange, and a central distributing member having a conical lower part.

3. A gas or vapor burner comprising an outer pipe, an apertured nozzle-head carried thereon, an inner downwardly-directed flange on said nozzle-head, and an inner concentric pipe therein in combination with an oxygeninlet nozzle.

4:. A gas or vapor burner comprising an outer pipe, screw-threaded on its upper por tion, an apertured nozzle-head screwed thereon, an inward downwardly-directed flange on said nozzle-head, an inner concentric pipe of the same inner diameter as that of the nozzlehead flange and a plug located in said inner pipe.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT NURN BERG.

Instead of lighting-gas any

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