US597319A - Gas-burner - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

B. T. JONES. GAS BURNER.

No. 597,319. Patented Jam 11, 1898-.

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UNITED STATES PATENT rrics.

ELLIS T. JONES, OFHOBOKEN, NEWV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS ADAMS, JR, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters ZPatent No. 597,319, dated January 11, 1898.

Application filed August 22, 1896. Serial No. 603,561. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLIS T. JONES, a citizen of the United States, residing atHoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gas-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to burners using gas for illuminating purposes, and particularly to the lVelsbach type, in which mingled gas and air are burned to produce an intense heating-flame in a manner analogous to that of the Bunsen burner and raise to incandescence a peculiarly-prepared mantle, producing an exceptionally brilliant and steady light with great economy. It is the usual practice in lighting a burner of this description to allow the air and gas from the mixingchamber to pass upward into the mantle and through its interstices to the surrounding chimney or shade and ignite them from above, resulting in a mild explosion, which is often sufficient to fracture the delicate mantle and destroy its usefulness.

The object of my invention is to avoid the explosion described above. I accomplish this desirable end by introducing the ignitingfiame from below and within the mantle and insuring that there shall not at any time be any volume of unignited mixed gas and air liable to explode therein.

It consists of a separable burner, one part carrying the mantle and its connections and the other in communication with the gas-supply, adapted to be ignited and carry a small flame which when the parts are united will burn within the mantle, serving as an igniter for the mingled air and gas from the mixingchamber when such is admitted. The intensity of the flame may then be increased until the proper state of incandescence is at tained. By this means I am able to initiate the heating without shock and gradually increase the volume of mixed gas and air until the proper conditions are reached. Peculiarly-efficient means are provided for controlling the gas-passages leading to the jet and to the mixing-chamber.

The invention also consists of certain details of construction and arrangements of 'ditioned in Fig. 2.

parts, which will be first fully described, and then pointed out in the claims. 7

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification and show the manner in which I have carried out the invention.

Figure l is a side elevation, partly in vertical section, showing a burner constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a corresponding vertical section on the line 2 2m Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation showing the conditions when the parts carrying the mantle are removed. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line l 4 in Fig. 3. The remaining figures are on a larger scale. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a portion shown differently con- Fig. 6 is a face View of a portion. Fig. 7 is a vertical section showing a modified form. Figs. 8 and 9 are face views of the parts shown in the preceding figures.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

A is an ordinary screw-threaded nipple or outlet from a pipe bringing illuminating-gas.

A is a cap matching to the nipple and having its screw-threaded orifice a continued farther than required to make the joint, for apurpose which will presently appear.

A is a shoulder against which abuts the lower end of an upwardly-extending tightfitting tube A forming a portion of the mixing-chamber and having several openings a arranged just above its junction with the upper portion of the cap. The latter has a central orifice a Fig. 5, surrounded within the cap by a depending flange A finished to serve as a seat for an annular flangevalve A on the lower end of the jet-tube A, extending upward through the opening a and through and beyond the tube A Below the jet tube is a conical seat A, on the upper face of a plug A screu threaded to match to the threads on the interior of the cap and lying in the space above the nipple A. It may be adjusted higher or lower in the cap, when the latter is removed from the nipple, by simply engaging it by a suitable tool and turning in the proper direction. It is provided with a series of small holes a", through which gas may pass to supply the burner.

A is an open guide fitted upon the jet-tube A and matching the interior of the tube A It carries a radial set-screw A serving to hold the guide in place on the jet-tube and having its head A engaged in an inclined slot (1., cut in the tube A at about the midheight. The inclination and length of the slot a are such that when the head A is at the lower end the jet-tube A is seated on the cone A and the flow of gas to the jet is stopped, but flows unobstructedly to the mixing-chamber, as shown in Fig. 2, and when at the upper end of the slot a the valve A closes the orifice A leading to the mixingchamber and allows gas to flow through the jet-tube, as shown in Fig. 5.

The portions above described remain nor mally attached to the nipple A. The portions following are removable.

B is a tube closely fitted to slide telescopically on the tube A It has orifices b, adapted to register with the holes a and a vertical slot Z), open at the lower end, engaging the head A and causing the screw and connected jet-tube A to rise and sink in the slot a when the tube B is rotated upon the tube A B is a horizontal spider-frame the periph- C is a cylinder of mica forming the upper part of the mixing-chamber and held closely to the tube B bya sliding ring 0. It extends upwardly therefrom and receives at its upper end a head D, of wire-gauze, held between an internal ring 0 and an external gallery or ring D, having an annular groove (1, produced in the process of spinning or otherwise. The mica cylinder forms a cheap, efficient, and easily-applied means of insulating the upper part of the burher to prevent conduction of heat to the lower portion and insures that the latter shall be always cool.

E is a spreader or deflecting-button eyeleted in the center of the wire-gauze D and having its central aperture of sufficient size to admit the point of the jet-tube A.

F is a rod or wire bent as shown in Fig; l to extend its hooked end F to the axial line of the burner. It is secured in place at the desired height in a holder F, attached to one of the arms of the spider-frame B, by a setscrew F tapped radially therein.

M is the mantle, which may be of any wellknown or preferred make. It is supported from the hook F, engaged in the loop M, provided, as usual, on the mantle, and hangs suspended with its lower edge within the gallery D, protected but unsupported by the latter.

Gas is admitted to the mixing-chamber, by which is meant the space inclosed by the tube A mica cylinder 0, and head D, through the orifices (1 in the plug A and air is taken in through the openings a mingling intimately,and, escaping through the wire-gauze, is burned Within the mantle.

It will be observed that when the outer tube B isturned in the direction to lower the jettube A and admit gas the same movement brings the holes Z) into register with the orifices 0. to admit the proper quantity of air, and the reverse movement shuts off the supply of both gas and air to the mixing-chamber and admits gas to the jet-tube only. There is a transition period between these two conditions during which gas is supplied to both, with a limited volume of air to the chamber. This is important in successfully performing the lighting operation, which I will briefly describe.

The tube 13, with its attachments, is turned to raisethe jet-tube A, and is then removed from engagement with the tube A and proj ecting head A, the movement being allowed by the open slot b", and set aside. Gas is then admitted to the nipple A and jet-tube by turning the supply-cock (not shown) on the gas-pipe, and the escaping gas is ignited and burns as a small jet. The removed portions are then replaced upon the tube A the jet continuing to burn, and now within the mantle M. The tube B is then turned slowly in the direction to lower the jet-tube, the first effect being to allow gas and air to enter the mixing chamber in small quantities and pass through the wire-gauze to the jet, where it is ignited. As the turning movement is continued increased quantities of gas and air are admitted and burned, correspondingly increasing the intensity of the flame, until at the conclusion of the motion the maximum proportions of air and gas are entering and the supply to the jet is shut off by the descent of the jettube upon the seat A At no time during this operation is there an accumulation of explosive mixture within the mantle. The small quantities of gas and air first escaping through the gauze find the jet burning and are ignited, and as soon as the heatingflame is initiated the danger of explosion has passed. The same action may be eifected by other means.

Figs. 7, 8, and 9 show a modified form of by-pass in which the whole upper portion of the burner is removed and the supply of gas to the jet-tube 'and burner is controlled by turning the part G upon the lower fixed part H. The ports are so arranged and proportioned as to gradually increase the supply to the mixing-chamber and to cut off the jet before the maximum is reached.

Other modifications may be made in the forms and proportions without departing from the principle of the invention or sacrificing its advantages.

Other forms of seats may be substituted for the conical seat A".

The advantages of the invention are obvious, but the principal ones may be briefly set forth.

The main advantage is of course the avoidanoe of an explosion or shock liable to shatter the mantle at the instant of ignition. The automatic control of the air and gas passages to allow the gradual increase in intensity is important. I also attach importance to the fact that by the use of my invention the cock in the gas-pipe not shown) maybe carefully adjusted to allow the passage of a just sufficient quantity of gas to insure the best illumination with a given pressure, and when so set may be left in that condition indefinitely, the turning on and off of the light being performed by simply partially rotating one portion of the burner upon the fixed part to the full extent from the extreme in one direction to the extreme in the other.

I claim 1. In a burner of the character herein set f orth,a rem ovable portion carrying the mantle and a fixed portion attached to the gas-supply pipe, a mixingchamber, a jet-tube extending therethrough and terminating within the mantle, forming a part of said fixed portion and movable relatively thereto, in combination with gas-passages controlled by the movement of said tube and uniting the gas-supply and said jet and chamber, arranged to allow gas to enter the jet-tube when the latter is at one end of its motion and to cut off the supply to the mixing-chamber and mantle, and when at the other end of its motion to supply gas to the said chamber and mantle and cut off the supply to said tube, andalso to supply gas to each when in the intermediate posi tion, all substantially as herein specified.

In a burner of the character herein set forth, a removable portion carrying the mantie, and a fixed portion attached to the gassupply pipe, in combination with a jet-tube mounted with liberty to move vertically in said fixed portion, its upper end extending within the mantle when the portions are together, to serve as an igniter for the mingled gas and air received within said mantle, a valve carried at the lower end, a casing inclosing the valve and forming part of said fixed portion,seats within the casing arranged to allow gas to enter the jet-tube when the latter is at one end of its travel and to out off the supply to the mixing-chamber and mantle; when at the other end of its travel to allow gas to flow to the said chamber and mantle and to cut off the supply to said tube, and when in the intermediate position to allow gas to fiow to both, all substantially as herein specified.

3. In a burner of the character herein set forth, a fixed portion forming a part of the mixing-chamber, attached to the gas-supply pipe and having air-inlets, a jet-tube mounted with liberty to move vertically in said portion, a valve moving with said tube, a casing inolosing the valve, and seats within the casing arranged to allow gas to fiow'to the jettube and mixing-chamber or to cut off the supply to either as the said jet-tube is raised or lowered, in combination with a removable portion carrying the mantle and inclosing said fixed portion, arranged to partially rotate on the latter and thereby raise and lower said jet-tube, and having air-inlets adapted to register with those in said fixed portion, whereby the supply of air to the said mixin -chamher is out off with the gas to the same and gradually increased by the movement in the direction to admit gas to the chamber and cut off the supply to the jet, all substantially as herein specified.

4. In a burner of the character herein set forth, the nipple A having the orifice a the seat A surrounding the latter, the plug A and its seat A the jet-tube A and valve A thereon, the tube A fixed on said nipple and having the inclined slot 606, the head A received in said slot and attached to said jettube, and the inclosing tube B having the open slot 1) engaging the said head for raising and lowering the connected jet-tube by turning said tube B relatively to the tube A all combined and arranged to serve with the mantle M and its connections, as and for the purposes specified.

5, In a burner of the character herein set forth, the tube A receiving gas for the burner and having the air-inlet openings 0, and inclined slot a, the jet-tube A and its guide A and head A engaged in said slot, the nipple A and seat A and the plug A and its seat A in combination with the movable inclosing tube B having the open slot 1) engaging said head, and the air-inlet orifices b arranged to register with the said openings a when the head is at one end of its travel and admit air to the burner, and to shut off the supply when at the opposite end, all adapted to serve with the mantle M and its connections,as and for the purposes specified.

6. In a burner of the character herein set forth, the tube B, mica cylinder O and ring C for holding it to said tube, the head D, the internal ring 0 and gallery D receiving the :15 upper end of said cylinder between them, all combined and arranged to serve substantially as herein specified.

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I afiix my signature in pres- 12o ence of two witnesses.

ELLIS T. JONES.

Witnesses:

R0131. CONNOR, PATRICK E. COLLINS.

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