US909881A - Hydrocarbon-vapor burner. - Google Patents

Description

W. J. PRY.

HYDROGARBON VAPOR BURNER. APPLIGATION FILED SBPT.25.1907.

909,881 Patented Jan. 19, 1909.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W. J. FRY.

HYDROCARBON VAPQR BRNBR. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.25, 1907.

909,881 Patented Jan. 19, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATEN OFFICE.

WILLIAM J. FRY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO AURORA ILLUMINATING AND MANTLE COMPANY, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

HYDRooARBoNQVAPoR BURNER.

Patented Jan. 19, 1909.

Application filed September 25, 1907. Serial No. 394,487.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IVILLIAM J. FRY, citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hydrocarbon-Vapor Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

My invention relates to a hydrocarbon vapor burner, and more particularly to a burner adapted to burn interchangeably either ordinary illuminating gas or hydrocarbon vapor.

The object of my invention is to provide improved apparatus by which illuminating gas may be employed as a preliminary means of securing an instantaneous light and for providing heat for vaporizing the hydrocarbon, the vapor of which may then be substituted for the illuminating gas.

My invention consists of parts and combinations of parts hereinafter fully set forth in the description and claims, and may be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the burner with the hood in section; Fig. 2 is a central vertical section, with parts broken away; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section on the line 3 of Fig. 2; Fig. fl is a section of the mixing tube, at right angles to the section thereof shown in F ig. 2; Fig. 5 is a section on line 5"-5 of Figs. 2 and l.

Like parts are designated by the same letters of reference throughout the several views.

My invention provides the usual mixing chamber 1, communicating with which are the air inlet pipes 2 and 3 for supplying air to be mixed with the illuminating gas or the hydrocarbon vapor, as the case may be, admitted to said chamber. The mixing chamber 1 is provided with an inlet 4 for hydrocarbon vapor and one or more inlets 5 for illuminating gas. Suitable means are provided whereby the admission of one or the other of said illuminante through its inlet 4 or 5 respectively, is controlled. From the chamber l, the gaseous mixture passes through a tube 6 to the burner tubes 7, 7.

The pipes 8, 9 are supply pipes for illuminating gas and for gasolene or other liquid hydrocarbon, respectively, and are threaded in or otherwise suitably attached to pipe 8 to a tube 12. The flow of gas through the opening 11 is controlled by a valve 13, which may be in the form of an ordinary rotary spigot plug, the casting 1() forming a seat for said valve. The tube 12 communicates with an opening 14 in a delivery head 15. Said opening lil communicates with a chamber' formed by a cap 16 threaded on the lower end of the head 15. Said chamber has one or more openings 5 forming inlets, as before stated, to the mixing chamber 1. The casting 10 is also provided with an opening 17 leading from the pipe 9 to a tube 18 which surrounds the tube l2 and is threaded in the end of the casting or otherwise suitably attached thereto. The flow of the liquid hydrocarbon from the supply pipe 9 into the tube 18 is controlled by a stop valve 19, which may be in the form of an ordinary screw-down valve, as shown. The threaded stem of the valve 19 has a seat in a hollow pin 20, threaded in the casting 10, thus permitting the insertion of packing 21 about the valve plug.

The heat due to the combustion of the gas or hydrocarbon vapor heats the pipe 18, such heating effect being facilitated by the hood 22, which incloses the parts and is supported thereon in any suitable manner. The liquid hydrocarbon is thus heated in its passage through the tube 18 and is converted into vapor. To facilitate this operation a wick 23 preferably of wire gauze or other reticulated material is inserted in the space between the tubes 12 and 18, thus checking the flow of the liquid and distributing it uniformly about the internal walls of the tube 18.

The tube 18 threads in a collar 21 and communicates with a chamber 25 formed within said collar. The Collar 24 is threaded about the head 15, the parts being thus assembled in such a manner as to seat the ends of the tube 12 in alinement with the openings 11 and 14 in the casting 10 andl head 15, respectively. YWithin the chamber 25 is a strainer 2G, which is adapted to strain the vapor of its small solid particles which if permitted to pass out with the vapor might choke or clog the minute passages through which the vapor must subsequently pass. A large straining surface is thus secured which is provided with so large av number a common casting 10. Extending through f of interstices that the complete clogging the casting is an opening 11 leading from the l thereof is practically impossible.

Within the head 15 is a passage 27 which leads from the chamber 25 to a cliznib`e`r`98N withinthe head 15.- Threaded inthe head 15 is a hollow pin or nozzle 29 one end of which projects into the chamber 28. The other `end of the nozzle is tapered and lits in a hole in the bottom of the cap 16, pro-VVA jecting a short distance through said hole. The projecting end of the nozzle 29 is provided with a minute opening 4 forming the inlet above referred to to the mixing cham-- ber 1. The liquid when vaporized is thereby placed under such great pressure that the inlet 4 is necessarily small in order that too great a supply of the illuminant will not be furnished. Owing to the small size of this opening it is likely to clog up if any particles of solid material are entrained by the vapor passing through the inlet 4. For this reason have provided a strainer 2G as before stated. As an additional precaution, the passage 27 has a downward extension 30 forming` a pocket into which solid particles may fall in case such should pass through the strainer Q6. Even if a particle should pass into the chamber 28 it will be dropped at the bottom thereof rather than pass upward as would be necessary before it could enter the opening in the nozzle 29. I have thus provided means by which the stoppage of the inlet 4 is prevented.

As hereinbefore stated, the chamber 1 is provided with the usual air inlets 2, 3. I have further provided means in connection therewith to prevent the air passing in the forni of blasts into the mixing chamber 1. Such blasts of air would cause surging 0r unequal pressure in the tubes 6 and 7, which, as is obvious, would produce a corresponding effect on the flame. In order to prevent such blasts and to furnish a uniform supply of air to the chamber l, a seini-circular baffleplate 50 is interposed in the air passages in such manner that the air cannot blow directly into the chamber, but passes around the ends of the plate 50. rIhe plate 50 is part of a cylindrical collar 31, one end of which is threaded upon the head 15 and the other end of which receives the tube 6. Said collar has a semi-cylindrical section out away opposite the plate 50 as at 32, to permit access of the air to the mixing chamber 1. The air- inletV pipes 2, 3 are preferably in the form of rectangular elbow pipe with an opening through the elbow for receiving the 4collar 31 land the tube 6, the lower wall of said elbow-pipe being clamped between the lower end of the collar 3l and a flange on the tube 6.

The mixture of air and gas or vapor passes through the tube 6 to the burner tubes 7. I have shown in the drawings burner tubes suitable for supporting a pair of inverted incandescent mantles 33. Burner tips 34 are threaded on the ends of the tubes 7. Mounted'upon the end of the tubes 7 and v"withinthe tips 34 are spreaders 35 in the form of thimbles provided with small holes for sprea-ding orbrealring up the gas or vapor. The spreaders 35 maybe held in place by their rims resting on lugs 36 upon the interior of the tips 34.

It must be understood that when gasolene or other hydrocarbon vapor is used, the pressure thereof is much greater than that of illuminating gas, which is ordinarily under comparatively low pressure. The ordinary spreader used in connection with gasolene vapor burners would not be suitable in connection with ordinary gas, owing to the low pressure under which said gas is supplied. @n the other han-d, the usual gauze cap or spreader employed in incandescent gas burners is unsuitable for use in connection with hydrocarbon vapor which is under relatively high pressure. The spreader of my invention is designed and has been found suitable for use with either illuminating gas or hydrocarbon vapor. 1t will be observed that it has a large spreader surface, the thimble having perfo-rations upon the side as well as the end. Therefore, the openings in the spreader are sufliciently numerous to permit an ample flow of the low pressure gas. The large number of openings also obviate the danger of the spreader becoming clogged by soot to such an extent as to seriously impair its efficiency.

The internal diameter of the tip 34 about the spreader 35 is somewhat greater than the diameter of the tube 7 to permit the gas to escape from thel sides of the spreader. The exit opening 37 in the burner tip is somewhat contracted however.

VVith such construction of spreader and burner tip, I have found that a blue flame,V

indicating perfect combustionv and which does not smut the parts,'projects from the end of the spreader through the opening 37, and is sufliciently strong to thoroughly illuniinate the incandescent mantle 33.

A further advantage of this particular construct-ion of spreader and tip is that in extinguishing the light when the hydrocarbon vapor is being consumed the customary yellow vapor, which continues for a short time after the gasoiene is turned off, is confined about the opening 37 and does not extend back to the spreader 35. Consequently, the usual smutting of the spreader is prevented. The chamber about the spreader does not smother the iame and consequently a blue flame is the only kind that burns wit-hin the burner tip. Such continued burning after the valve 19 is closed is due to the vaporization of the liquid hydrocarbon which has accumulated in the tube 18. Of course, after t-he supply valve is closed, said vapor continues toy pass for some time through the inlet 4, but under extremely low pressure, causing the yellow flame referred to. Ithas been customary to prevent this yellow flame and its consequent smutting effect by providing means for preventing the flow of the vapor through the t-ube G after the stop valve 19 has been closed, and thus innnediatelv extinguishing the light. Since the structure of my invention is practically free from injurious smutting by said yellow flame, the provision of such means is not strictly necessary. I have, however, in the drawings shown improved means for immediately extinguishing the light, which means consist of a shutter 38, pivoted at 39, whereby the inner end of the shutter can be swung over the inlet 4, as shown in full lines in the drawing. Vhatever vapor may then escape through the inlet 4 will impinge against said plate and being deflected will pass out through the air inlets 2, 3 instead of passing through the tube 6. The shutter 38 is moved into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, when the hydrocarbon vapor is to be consumed by the burner.

A stem 40 threaded at one end in the burner tube midway between the burner tips supports upon its lower end an inverted canopy 41 of mica or other transparent inaterial. Said canopy lies beneath the mantles 33 and in case a portion of the mantle shall accidentally break off and fall, it will be caught by the canopy 41. The danger of lire from portions of the heated mantle falling upon combustible material is thus overcome.

I have shown the apparatus of my invention equipped with a pilot lamp 42, as is customary, to ignite the gas when the valve 13 is opened. As shown in Fig. 3, the flow of gas to said lamp is regulated by a screwvalve 43 which controls an opening 44 communicating with one arm of the gas passage 11 through the casting 10. A feature of the pilot lamp consists in the burner tip 45 thereof. Said tip is provided with a plurality of openings about its sides. rlhe gas within the chamber 46 of the tip becomes mixed with air which is forced in through the opening or openings on the side against which the draft of air blows, producing a Bunsen burner effect, and it results that the combustion is perfect as indicated by the strong blue flame of the pilot lamp, instead of the usual weak red flame. The flame of the ordinary pilot lamp is such that a slight puff of air will blow it out. In the pilot lamp of my invention, however, such putt' of air will merely result in transferring the flame to the opposite side of the tip and produce more or less the effect of a blow-pipe. It is apparent, therefore, that my invention provides a pilot of increased efficiency.

It will be observed that I have provided in a single structure a burner suitable for using either ordinary illuminating gas or hydrocarbon vapor which apparatus may readily be attached to the usual gas supply pipe. An objection to the use of gasolene or other liquid hydrocarbon as an illuminant is that it has been necessary to heat the same to convert it to vapor before it can be used, thus making it impracticable to secure a light without the delay incident to first vaporizing the same. lVith the apparatus of my invention, the gas is lirst turned on by operating the valve 13, an instantaneous light being thus obtainable. In a short time, the ascending current of hot air and conducted heat heats the tube 18 to such an extent as to vaporize any hydrocarbon admitted thereto. At any time that it is convenient or desirable, therefore, the valve 13 can be closed and the valve 19 opened, thereby substituting hydrocarbon vapor for thegas, and owing to the peculiar construction of the spreader and burner tip of my invention, either illuminant may be employed without further manipulation of the parts other than turning ott one and turning on the other.

I claim 1. In a combination gas and hydrocarbon vapor burner, the combination with a burner tube and a burner tip therefor, of a conductor for supplying gas to said burner tube, a vaporizing tube concentric with and inclosing said conductor, said vaporizing tube being arranged to be heated from said burner tip and thereby to vaporize liquid hydrocarbon admitted into said vaporizing tube, said vaporizing tube having a passage communicating with said burner tube, and means for controlling the supply of gas and of liquid hydrocarbon to said burner.

2. In a combined gas and hydrocarbon vapor burner, the col'nbination with a burner tube and burner tip therefor, of a gas supply tube extending downwardly and communicating with said burner tube, a hydrocarbon supply tube of greater cross section than said gas supply tube and arranged in concentric relation thereto in position to be heated from said burner tip and also communicating with said burner tube, and means for controlling the supply of gas and of liquid hydrocarbon to their respective supply tubes.

In a combined gas and gasolene burner, the combination with a gas and a gasolene supply pipe, a valve casing having two passages therein corresponding to said supply pipes, valves controlling said passages, a gas supply tube ard a gasolene supply tube communicating with said passages, said tubes being concentrically arranged one within the other and a burner tube with which each of said supply tubes communicates.

4. In a combined gas and gasolene burner, the combination with a gas and gasolene supply pipe, a valve casing having two passages therein corresponding to said supply pipes, valves controlling said passages, a gas supply tube and a gasolene supply tube communicating with said passages, said latter tube inclosing said former tube, and a I n s burner tube with which each of said supply f tubes communicates.

5. ln a combined gas and gasolene burner, the combination with a gas and a gasolene supply pipe, a valve casing having two passages therein corresponding to said supply pipes, valves controlling said aassages, a gas supply tube and a gasolene supply tube communicating with said passages, said latter tube inclosing said former tube, a delive y head having two passages therethrough, said gas supply tube communicating with one ot said passages, a collar connecting said O'asolene supply tube with said delivery head and providing a chamber within said collar into which gasolene vapor passes from said gasolene supply'tube, a.

strainer extending across said chamber, said chamber communicating with the other of said passages in the delivery head, a mixing chamber provided with inlets from the gas and the vapor passages or" the delivery head, a burner tube communicating with said mixing chamber, and a burner tip upon the end i of said burner tube.

6. A delivery head provided with an interior chamber, a nozzle threaded in said head with the opening .in its inner end near the top of said chamber, said head being provided with a longitudinally extending passage communicating with said chamber below said nozzle opening, said passage also having an extension :torming a pocket, and a iydrocarbon vapor supply tube and a burner tube communicating with the opposite ends of said delivery head.

7. A delivery head for a combined gas and gasolene burner provided with a longitudinal passage for gas and a passage for hydrocarbon vapor, said latter passage having a pocket for collecting particles or other impurities entrained in said vapor, and terminating in a chamber in the interior of said head, a nozzle threaded in said head and having its mouth opening into said chamber near the upper part thereof, a cap secured upon the end of said head, said cap having an opening in which the end of said nozzle fits, and said cap also having an opening for permitting the flow of gas from said gas passage.

8. In a combined gas and gasolene burner, the combination with a gas and a gasolene supply pipe, a valve casing having two passages therein corresponding to said supply pipes, valves controlling said passages, a gas supply tube and a gasolene supply tube communicating with said passages, said latter tube inclosing said former tube, a delivery head having a longitudinal passage for gas with which said gas supply tube Communicates, a collar connecting said gasolene supply tube with said delivery head and proy'iding a chamber within said collar into which gasolene vapor passes from said gasolene supply tube, a strainer extending across said chamber, said delivery head having a passage terminating in a chamber in the interior of said head, a nozzle threaded in said hea and having its mouth opening into said chamber near the upper part thereof, a cap secured upon the end of said head, said cap having an opening in which the end of' said nozzle tits, and said cap also having an ooening for permitting the flow of gas from said gas passage, a mixing chamber into which the gas and vapor from said delivery head is discharged, a burner tube communicating with said mixing chamber, and a burner tip upon the end of said burner tube.

9. ln a burner, the combination with a delivery head, means for controlling the flow of gas yor other illuminant through said head, a collar secured to said head and forming a mixing chamber at the end thereof, an elbow pipe about said collar to provide air passages, said collar being cut away upon the side adjacentthe outer bend of said elbow pipe to permit the ingress of air to mixing chamber, and a burner tube communicating with said mixing chamber.

10. The combination with a tube forming a mixing chamber provided with Van inlet for gas or other illuminant, an elbow pipe through the bend of which said tube passes, said tube having a semi-cylindrical portion out away within the pipe on the side adjacent the outer bend of said elbow pipe, and a burner tube communicating with said mixing chamber.

In. witness whereof, I, hereunto subscribe my naine this 23rd day oit September A. D.,

ILLIAM J. FRY. lditnesses GEORGE E. FOLK, ALFRED H. MOORE.

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