US808178A - Feed-water heater. - Google Patents

Description

No. 808,178. PATENTED DEC. 26, 1905. F. H. TRBVITHIGK.

FEED WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY15.1905.

2 sums-sum 1.

witnesses No.808,178. PATENTED DEG.'26-, 1905.

F. H. TREVITHIGK.

FEED WATER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15.1905.

' 2 SHEETS-SHE} FREDERICK H. TREVITHIOK, OF CAIRO, EGYPT.

FEED-WATER HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 26, 190.).

Application filed May 15,1905. Serial No. 260,488.

2 0 (iii rub/Cut it inru concern Be it known that I, FREDERICK H. TREvr- THICK, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland,residing at Cairo, Egypt, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Feed-l/Vater Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more particularly to feed-water heaters for steam-boilers of the locomotive type, but is also applicable to semiportables and other engines and boilers Its objects are, first,:j

of the combined type. to provide means whereby the furnace-gases after passing through the boiler into the smoke-box will impart most of the heat usually lost to the feed-water, which is made to circulate through a heater located in the circuit and path of the gases in the smoke-box; second, to so construct, attach, and arrange the feed-water heater in the smoke-box that it can be readily and easily applied to existing forms of locomotive-boilers without much additional expense, insure a uniform draft through the fire-tubes, and at the same time not to interrupt the free passage of the gases; third, to so construct and arrange the parts of the feed-water heater that it may at the same time with very little additional expense be adapted for an efficient spark-arrester; fourth, also provide an arrangement of a preliminary heating device for the feed-water, which utilizes the exhaust-steam of the engine-cylinders and auxiliary engines and may be made to cooperate with the smoke-box heater; fifth, to so construct the preliminary heater that the parts may be easily separated and the incrustation or accumulated impurities removed therefrom.

The invention consists of structural features and relative arrangements of elements which will be hereinafter more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Reference is had to the accompanying two sheets of drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a locomotive, partly in section, showing my improved arrangement of a combined feed-water heater, smoke box, and spark arrester attached thereto. Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal section of my improved combined feedwater heater and spark-arrester. Fig. 3 is a section on line 3 3 of Fig. 2, on a slightly-reduced scale and partly in elevation, with the hinged front or door of the smoke-box thrown open. Fig. 4 is a broken and longitudinal section of the preliminary heater through which the feed-water is passed before entering the smoke-box heater.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, 1 represents the boiler, provided with the usual steam-dome 2, an elongated smoke-box 3, which may be provided with a cleading or not, and stack 4. 3 is the hinged front'or door of the smoke-box 3. 5 is the motive cylinder, which has its steam-chest connected, by means of the usual dry-steam pipe 6, to the steam-dome 2. The exhaust-port of the cylinder 5 is connected to the usual blastpipe 7 and petticoat-pipe 8, which lead to the opening of the stack. 9 is an auxiliary or preliminary heater for the feed-Water. 10 is a pipe leading from the exhaust or blast pipe of the cylinder 5 to the interior of the auxiliary heater 9, the specific construction of which will be hereinafter described. 1] is a feed-pump which has its suction side connected, by means of a pipe 12. with the usual water-supply tank. 13 is the outlet or force pipe of the feed-pump 11,-which leads into the auxiliary heater 9. 14 is the outlet of the auxiliary heater, which leads to the bottom or outer section of the feed-Water heater in the smoke-box, which will be presently described in detail. 15 is the steam-supply pipe for actuating the feed-pump, and 16 represents the pipe for conveying the exhauststeam into the auxiliary heater 9.

While I have shown and described only one of the above auxiliary heaters with its connecting-pipes, it can be readily seen that the same arrangement could be adopted on the other side and be supplied by the same or a separatefeed-pump without departing from the spirit of my invention. If so desired, the steam blown off by the relief or usual safety valve may be so arranged as to be conveyed by a pipe which is connected with either the pipe 10 or 16.

Referring now particularly to Figs. 2 and 3, 17 17 are inner and 18 18 are outer concentric or cylindrical shells, which form two separated and annular water-chambers, one within the other, and a large central chamber. Each of the annular chambers has upper and lower openings 19 and 20, which form a passage for the blast and petticoat pipes 7 and 8. Suitably fastened about these pipes 7 and 8 are plates 21 and 22, which tightly close the spaces between them and the inner water-chamber. 23 is a short pipe connecting the interior and upper section of the outer annular chamber with the upper section of the inner water-chamber. 24 is a pipe leading from the interior of the inner water-chamber to the interior of boiler 1 and is provided with the usual clack or check valve 25. 26 represents the common lire-tubes of a boiler passing through the fluesheet 27. 28 28 are removable plugs for expanding the ends or repairing the short tube 23, and 29 29 are washout-plugs in the lower sections of the annular water-chambers. 7 7 are spacing-lugs for properly supporting the mner annular chamber within the outer chamber. snugly within. and near the outer end of the central chamber formed by inner shells 17 and 17. Attached to this plate 36 is a loraminous plate or disk of wire-netting 31 of such a mesh as to prevent the passage of sparks which reach the smoke-chamber and which may be made of a finer mesh.than usual without affecting the draft, owing to its larger area and openings. 31. is a semicircular plate interposed between the smokeboX door 3 and netting 31 with its curved edge preferably attached to the upper half of the annular plate 30 and so arranged that sufiicient space is left between the door 3 and the plate 31 for the passage of the smoke and gases to the annular flue between the inner and outer concentric shells 17 and 18. The function of this plate 31 is for the purpose of properly and uniformly distributing the gases through all the flues of the boiler and at the same time tend to keep the lower series of flues free from ashes or other deposits. This ring 30 is suitably supported and separated from the hinged smoke-box front or door 3 by studs 32 32, and, as will be readily seen, when the front 3 is thrown open the screen 31 and plate 31 are carried therewith. is a transverse rod supported in the central chamber, which is made with a central and elongated opening 34, adapted to be engaged by a head of a turn-bolt 36, having the usual securing nuts or clamps 37.

Referring to Fig. 4, is the outer casing of the preliminary heater 9, having the usual cleading 39 to protect the same from radiation. 40 is the water-inlet connected with the force-pipe 13 of the pump 11 (see Fig. 1) and the outlet-opening 4], being connected by pipe 14, which leads to the heater in the smoke-box. 42 42 are circular heads loosely fitting in said casing 38, which are fastened together by tubes 43 43. 44 44 are flanges on the heads 42 42. 45 45 are annular sections within the cylinder at each end and adapted to engage the inner sides of the flanges 44 44 on the heads 42 42. 46 46 are 30 is an annular plate fitting packing-rings adapted to be seated on the outer ends of the flanges 44 44 and between the inner side of the casing 38 and outer side of the annular sections 45 45. 47 47 are followers adapted to pass between the outer side of sections 45 45 and the inner side of casing 38. 48 is some suitable packing material placed between the ends of the rings 46 46 and the wedge-shaped ends of followers 47 47. 49 46 are screw-tlneaded ends which are adapted to be screwed or fastened into the ends of the casing 38. 50 represents screwbolts passing through the heads 49 and 49 and are so arranged as to have their inner end s bear against the followers 47. 47, whereby packing 46 can be compressed and the joint between the casing 38 and the heads 42 42 made steam and water tight, 51 is a removable section of the end 49, and 52 is an opening in the end 49, which is connected, by means of pipe 10, with the exhaust or blast passage 7. 53 53 are openings in the lower sections of the casing 38 for the purpose of draining off the water of condensation. 54 54 are removable plugs in the casing 38 for the purpose of cleaning oil the tubes 43 43 or removing any sediment or deposit in the auxiliary heating-chamber.

From the foregoing description of auxiliary heater it will be seen that I have devised a construction which will enable one after tak ing off the ends or heads 49 and 49 and removing the followers 47 47, packing 48, rings 46 46, and annular sections 45 45 to easily and bodily remove the two heads 42 42 and the connecting-tubes 43 43 and quickly make any repairs or remove incrustation.

The operation of my invention is as follows The feed-water passes from the tender or tank by means of the pipe 12 to the pump 11, from whence it is forced through the pipe 13 into the preliminary heater 9, circulating around the tubes 43, through which passes the exhauststeam from the engine exhaustnozzle 7, by means of the pipe 10, and the pipe 16, leading from the pump 11. After the preliminary heating of the feed-water in this heater 9 it is carried, by means of the pipe 14, to the bottom of the outer annularwaterchamber, through which it circulates, and thence flows bymeans of the tubular connection 23 into the inner annular chamber, through which it also circulates, beingsubj ected in the course of .its circuitous passage through these chambers to the heat of the furnace-gases as they pass through the central chamber, thence through the wire mesh 31 to remove the sparks, and thence through the flue between annular chambers, the water being raised to a still higher temperature before entering the boiler by the pipe 24. From the foregoing described arrangement it will be seen that the water is subjected to such conditions that most of the impurities become solidified and are deposited in the annular chambers, whence they can be readily blown off through suitable cocks or plugs provided for that purpose. It will bealso seen another advantage of arranging the feed-wa ter heater in the smoke-box in the manner as above described is to effect a more even distribution of the draft over the whole surface of the fire, thereby equalizing the heat through the boiler-tubes, which is primarily effected, for the reason, first, that the openings of the fire-tubes 26 are a uniform distance, from the foraminous plate or disk 31; secondly, the area of the openings of the said plate is sulliciently large, although the mesh is small, to intercept all sparks, to permit the gases to freely and uniformly pass through the same, and, thirdly, the annular passage or flue between'the two annular water-chamhers is more than large enough to receive the gases after passing through the plate 31 with out causing a back pressure or retarding action. Furthermore, it will also be seen that by fastening the foraminous plate or Wiremesh'disk 31 to the back of the smoke-box front orhinged door it can be readilyremoved, inspected, or renewed without disturbing the other elements comprising the combined heater and spark-arrester. While I have shown and specifically described an auxiliary heater in conjunction with the smoke-box heater, it will be readily .seen that this heater can be omitted and the feed-water forced directly into the smokebOX heater without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Various changes may be made in the details of my combined feed-water heater and spark-arrester, and while I have in the foregoing specification described and illustrated in the drawings one form to accomplish the results aimed at yet it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the specific construction and arrangement may be modified in many ways without changing in any way the operation of the device or varying the invention.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. A feed-water heater for locomotives or the like, comprising two outer and separated shells forming an outer annularwater-chamber and a smokeboX, two irmer and separated shells forming an inner annular waterchamber within and separated from the outer waterchamber, said inner chamber being shorter than the outer chamber, a head or door secured to the front end of the outer annular chamber and having attached to and spaced from its inner side a foraminous plate which covers the open end of the central chamber formed by the inner separated shells, and means for supplying water and withdrawing the same from the outer and inner annular water-chambers.

2. A feed-water heater for locomotives or the like, comprising two outer and separated shells forming an outer annular water-chamber and a smoke-box, two inner and separated shells forming an inner annular waterchamber within and separated from the outer waterchamber, said inner chamber being shorter than. the outer chamber, a head or door secured to the front end of the outer annular chamber and having attached to and spaced from its inner side a foraminous plate which covers the open end of the central chamber formed by the inner separated shells, a"

shells forming an inner annular watercham ber within and separated from the outer waterchamber, said inner chamber being shorter than the outer chamber, an annular smokeflue separating the inner and outer annular water chambers, a stack communicating with said smokeflue, a head or door secured to the front end of the outer annular chamber and having attached to and spaced from its inner side a foraminous plate which covers the open end of the central chamber formed by the inner separated shells, a water-inlet leading into the bottom of the outer annular chamber, means for permitting the water in the upper section of the outer annular chamber to flow in the upper part of the inner annular chamber, and an outlet connected to the inner chamber.

4. A feed-water heater for locomotives or the like, comprising two outer and separated shells forming an outer annular water-chamber and a smokebox, two inner and separated shells forming an' inner annular waterchamber within and separated from the outer waterchamber, said inner annular chamber being shorter than the outer chamber and having a central smoke-chamber within and an annular smoke-chamber surrounding the same, a blast-pipe passing through the central smoke-chamber and ending in the annular smoke-chamber, a head or door secured to the front end of the outer annular chamber and having attached to and spaced from its inner side a foraminous plate which covers the open end of the central chamber formed by the inner separated shells, and means for en plying water and withdrawing the same from the outer and inner annular water-chambers.

5. A feed-water heater for locomotives or the like, comprising two outer and separated shells forming an outer annular water-chamber and a smokeboX, two inner and separated shells forming an inner annular waterchamber within and separated from the outer water-cha1nber, said inner chamber being shorter than the outer chamber and having a central smoke-chamber within and an annular smoke-chamber surrounding the same, a blastpipe passing through the central smoke-chamber and ending in the annular smoke-chamber, a stack communicating with the annular smoke-chamber, a head or door secured to the front end of the outer annular chamber and having attached to and spaced from its inner side a fora-ruinous plate which covers the open end of the central chamber formed by the inner separated shells, a waterinlet leading into the bottom of the outer annular chamber, means for permitting the water in the upper section of the outer annular chamber to [low in the upper part of the inner annular chamber, and an outlet connected to the inner chamber for conveying the heated water to a boiler.

6. A feed-water heater for locomotives or the like, comprising two outer and separated shells forming an outer annular water-chamber and a smoke-box, two inner and separated shells forming an inner annular waterchamber within and separated from the outer water-chamber, said inner chamber being shorter than the outer chamber, an annular smoke-flue separating the inner and outer annular water-chambers, a stack communicating with said smoke-flue, a head or door secured to the front end of the outer annular chamber and'having attached to and spaced from its inner side a foraminous plate which covers the open end of the central chamber formed by the inner separated shells, a water-inlet leading into the bottom of the outer annular chamber, means for permitting the water in the upper section of the outer annular chamber to flow in the upper part of the inner annular chamber, and an outlet connected to the inner chamber for conveying the heated water to a boiler, a preliminary feed-water-heating device which is adapted to receive the exhaust-steam from the motor cylinder, and means for conducting the feedwater through the said preliminary heating device and conveying the same to the said water-inlet leading into the bottom of the outer annular water-chamber in the smokebox.

7 A feed-water heater for locomotives or the like, comprising two outer and separated shells forming an outer annular water-chamher and a smoke-box, two inner and separated shells forming an inner annular waterchamber within and separated from the outer waterchamber, said inner chamber being shorter than the outer chamber, a head or door secured to the front end of the outer annular chamber andhaving attached to and spaced from its inner side a ioraminous plate which covers the open end of the central chamb er formed by the inner separated shells, an imperforate plate interposed between the foraminous plate and the head or door and extending over the upper section of the opening of the inner shell, and means for supplying water and withdrawing the same from the outer and inner annular water-chambers.

8. A feed-water heater for locomotives or the like, comprising two 'outer and separated shells forming an outer annular water-chamber and, a smoke-box, two inner and separated. shells forming an inner annular water chamber within and separated from the outer water-chamber, said inner annular chamber being shorter than the outer chamber and having a central smoke-chamber within and an annular smoke-chamber surrounding the same, a blastpipe passing through the central smoke-chamber and ending in the annular smoke-chamber, a head or door secured to the front end of the outer annular chamber and having attached to and spaced from its inner side a foraminous plate which covers the open end of the central chamber formed by the inner separated shells, an imperforate plate interposed between the foraminous plate and the head or door and extending over the upper section of the open- .ing of the inner shell, and means for supplying water and withdrawing the same from the outer and inner annular water-chambers.

In testimony whereof I atfiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK H. TREVITHICK. Witnesses 1 E. RYE, R. AITKEY

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