US235684A - Steam-boiler - Google Patents

Description

(ModeL) zsheets-sheet. 1.

D. W. KELLOGG & W. A. KIRBY.

Steam Boiler.

No. 235,684. Patented Dec. 21,1880.

(ModeL) 2 Shets-Sheet 2, D. W. KELLOGG &' W. A. KIRBY.

Steam Boiler! No. 235,684 Patented Dec. 21,1880,

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N. PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGHAFHER. WASHINGTON u 0 NiTED STATES ATENT FHQE.

DAN WV. KELLOGG AND WILLIAM A. KIRBY, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPEGIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 235,684, dated December 21, 1880.

Application filed March 16, 1S80 (ModeL) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, DAN WV. KELLOGG and WILLIAM A. KIRBY, both of Auburn, in

the county of Oayuga and State of New York,

5 have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to that class of steamgenerators known as instantaneous or flash boilers, the peculiar features of which are that the feed-water is supplied to highlyheated tubes and distributed over such area of fire-surface that the water is nearly at once raised to steam-temperature, the advantages derived from boilers of this type being that, using only a small quantity of water at a time, they are less dangerous than others, and that a large quantity of steam is quickly generated in comparatively small boilers, the steam being of higher expansive force and of a temperature greatly in excess of that due to saturated steam. The object of our invention is to construct a boiler of this class in a novel manner that will be particularly adapted to portable engines for agricultural and similar purposes, with its extreme lightness and small proportions compared with its steam producing capacity. Its largely-proportioned combustioirchamber, suitable for the consumption of light fuel, its draft-colmections and fire-fines, which prevent most completely the escape of sparks,vits cheapness and simplicity of construction. enabling its parts to be readily disconnected by unskilled persons, will all serve to render it most admirably practicable.

Other objects for the more general adaptability to boilers are aimed at in this invention, and consist in the combination, with the boiler, hereinafter described, of a feed-pump of peculiar construction, and in the connection of said pump with a feed-water heatingdrum having a water-heating coil that communicates with the annular water-leg of the boiler, and a siphon-pipe connecting thelower portion of the said water-leg with the pump, to admit of a forced circulation of water through the water-connections of the boiler, prevent foaming, and for cleansing the same 50 of sediment, together with improved means for connecting the water supply pipe and steam-pipe with their relative parts, and constitute important features of our invention.

In the accompanying drawings, ll igure lis a front elevation of the improved boiler; Fig. 2, a vertical sectional view of the same, Fig.

3, a plan view of the boiler with the cover removed; Fig. 4, a plan view of the bottom of the cover; Fig. 5, a detail view of Water-coil connections with the boiler, and Fig. 6 a sectional view through the pump andthe pipes connected thereto.

The boiler is formed of two concentric cylindrical shells,A A, the outer plate, A, being bent in at its upper and lower ends to joint onto the inner plate, A, to which it is riveted by a simple lap-joint, orin any suitable manner, so as to leave a sufficient water-space between the plates. The exterior shell, A,is surrounded bya cylindrical casing, bolted and otherwise secured thereto in such manner as to leave a space, 0 0, between them for the circulation of hot air and theproducts of combustion. The casing is formed with a conical cover, 13, to the central upper portion of which is secured a cylindrical stack, 0 and is also connected at its lower edge with an inverted conical plate, B truncated, and adapted to .be made tight at its bottom to form aclosed ashpit and cinder-box, D, to which access is ob- So tained solely through an opening closed by a sliding door, B in order that the cinders and live coals will not be allowed to escape. The shell and boiler are in this instance supported by the legs E; but said boiler may be bolted to a suitable base or carriage, if designed for portable use.

The lower edge or joint of the shell A A forms an internal ledge, upon which the gratebars F rest. To direct the products of combustion either straight up the smoke-stack when lighting the fire or down again and around the boiler before they escape, the upper edge of the shell A A, for half of its circumference, is extended above the remaining 5 portion to make joint with an overlapping flange projecting downwardly from one-half of the circumference of a crown-plate, H. The remaining edge of the plate H is flat, and is riveted tightly to the under side of the cas- 10o ing-cover B, so that said plate will extend across the top of the boiler at an acute 'angle therewith, from the boiler-shell upon one side to the conical casing-cover upon the other side, in such manner that the space below it' will communicate with the hot-air space 0, and the space above it will communicate upon the other side of the boiler with the hot-air space 0.

Vertical division-plates C separate the annular spaces 0 C. One of these plates extends downwardly to the furnace-door plates at the front of the boiler and the other to about twothirds the depth of the boiler upon the opposite side thereof, so that the products of combustion will pass upwardly through the boiler until they reach the crown-plate H, and then cross over with the draft to one side of the boiler and pass down the space 0 to the bottom of the division-plates O and then cross over to the opposite side of the boiler andup through the space 0, over the crown-plate H to the sun oke-stack C and are discharged.

The crown-plate H has an aperture, h, directly beneath the smoke-stack, which is covered by a slide or damper, h, secured to a rod, h extending to the outer side of the boiler-casing, so that it may be readily operated. When the said aperture is uncovered by the slide the products of combustion will pass directly up through the combustion chamber I of the boiler and escape through the smoke-stack,

causing a quick draft and rapid combustion of the fuel, which may be required in starting the fires.

In order to secure a rapid circulation of water in the water-leg A of the boiler, a cylindrical plate, a, is suspended in the lower portion thereof at about equal distance from the outer and inner shells, and extending from a point nearly in line with the top of the open tire-chamber to very near the bottom thereof, and is held in place by thimblebolts a in such manner that a free circulation of the water in the water-leg may be obtained.

As the inner plate, A, is in direct contact with the fire, and consequently the hottest, the water will descend upon the outer and ascend upon the inner side of the division-plate a, causing a rapid circulation of water and generation of steam. The lower end of the shell A A is held from contact with the easing by thimbled bolts, or simply by the rivetheads, in such manner as to allow a space, 0 0, between them, so that the spaces 0 0 may communicate with the ash-pan to allow any cinders or sparks that may pass around with the products. of combustion to fall down into the ash-pan and be extinguished, and so that no closed space is allowed between the shell and casin g for the accumulation of cinders.

The feed-water is admitted to boiler by the pipe K, connected with the feed-pump,as hereinafter described, and passes up the outside of the boiler to the interior and center thereof, and enters, through its cover, the feed-waterheating drum L suspended within the boiler. To this drum is attached near its upper end one end of a coiled pipe, M, that encircles it in a series of longitudinal layers. In this instance five layers, M, are employed. They are made of a single length of pipe, the first coil starting from the drum to the interior shell of the boiler. The second is coiled inwardly toward the center. The third is coiled outwardly toward the shell. The fourth is coiled.

inwardly toward the center, and the fifth is coiled outwardly to the shell of the boiler at a point or height nearly even with the waterline by means of a coupling of peculiar construction, hereinafter described. Pipe -joint connections may be used between the layers, so that they may be readily disjointed in case any of the coils should become burned or leaky, and new pieces substituted without loosening the entire pipe.

The water-coil or series of coils M is suspended from the upper edge of the shell A A in a substantial manner by hanger-straps m, hooked or secured to said edge, so that the whole weight of the pipe will not come upon its couplings. Each of the layers may have independent hanger-straps, if desired, to prevent the weight of one coil from resting upon the joint between them. The pipes are so coiled that the pipe of one layer will come opposite the space between the pipes of the next layer, so that the products of combustion will pass around and between the lower pipes and impinge upon the bottoms of the pipes immediately above, and the products of combustion are intercepted and deflected by each layer of pipes, thus giving out more fully its effective heat.

The feed-water heater L tits closely within the inner coils of pipe in order that the entire space over the furnace may be fully utilized. The bottom of this heater L is coneshaped, so that the heat-rays are deflected laterally therefrom upon the coiled water-pipes and the bottom prevented from being burned out so readily.

A superheating-pipe, N, is connected with the steam-space or upper portion of the annular boiler through the boiler-casing. In order to make a more perfect connection with the end of the pipe, a circular piece of greater diameter than the pipe is cut from the outer shell, A, of the boiler, and a cap-plate, N, is riveted around it, the crown of which fits closely against the inner surface of the boilercasing, and the end of an elbow-coupling, N passes through both plates, and is made steamtight by a screw-connection in a suitable manner. The steam-pipeN again enters the boilereasing at a point directly above the steamspace of the boiler. It is carried around in a fiat horizontal coil until it closely encircles the water-heater L, and then slightly bent up and passed directly over its coils again through the boiler-casing to the engine.

A safety-valve, 0, is connected with the end of the superheating-pipe N immediately outside the boiler, and its base serves also as a coupling between the end of said superheatin g-pipe and the steam-pipe P for conveying the steam directly to the engine. The safetyvalve shell thus serves a'double purpose, and affords a cheap and simple mode of connecting it with the boiler.

It has been found difficult with boilers having concentric shells nearly close together to connect the end of a steam or water coil with the shell and easing of the boiler in such manner that it may be steam-tight and yet readily removed. It is the object of a part of our invention to simplify the means employed for that purpose.

In Fig. 2 a hole is shown as cut in the outer plate of the boiler, and acap-plate, P, is fitted around it, so that the crown of the cap-plate will rest against the inner surface of the easing. A screwplug, P, provided with a rectangular hole passing through it, admits ot' a similarly-shaped key beinginserted for screwing it into the end coupling of the lower coil, M, so that it will hold it securely, and also permits the water to flow through it into the water-leg. The cap-plate P is also bored out, and is fitted with a screw-plug, P opposite the plug 1?, so that by removing P access may be had to plug P. A construct-ion preferable in some respects, however, is obtained by using a cylindrical plug, Q, Fig. 5, that extends entirel across the water-leg ot'the boiler. V This plug Q is closed upon its outer end, and isprovided with a square head, Q, to admit of its being turned by a wrench, and also with a flange, Q that bears against the outer surface of the plate A to form an extended hearing and better joint. The outer surface of the plug is formed with a screw-thread, q, uponits end, and a similar thread, g, upon its surface next to the flange Q the diameter of the cylinder at the thread q being greater than that at the thread q, so that the threaded end q may pass at once through the outer plate, A, of the boiler, and both threads screw into the plates at the same time. The space upon the plugs between the plates A A need not be threaded, but is provided with a port or opening, q, to allow of communication between the interior of the plug and the waterleg. An elbow-pipe joint, Q screws onto the inner end of the plug Q, and tits closely against the interior of the inner shell, A, and is also screwed onto the lower end of the coil, so as to form a connection between the coil and the water-leg that will admit of the ready removal or replacement of the coil.

The pump used with this boiler is of peculiar construction, and operates, in connection with other portions of the boiler, in a novel manner to regulate its temperature, cleanse and feed it, in connection with a water-supply. The pump shell is formed of three separate parts, R RR placed end to end, and bolted together by a bolt, R passing longitudinally through it, and clamped together by a head, 7', upon one end and a nut, 0", upon the other. Thecentral portion of the shell Rhas the pumpcylinder R cast'upon it. The piston and rod R of the pump may be connected with any of the working parts of the engine, and may be arranged at right angle to or parallel with the shell, so that the pump may be worked from either horizontal or vertical connections. A suitable stuffing-box, r serves to pack the pump-piston rod in the usual manner. Be tween the shell-sections R and It is interposed. a perforated disk, 4, and between the sections R R is interposed a similar disk, 1". pet-valve, R is placed upon the bolt R between the disks r r, and a similar valve, E is arranged upon the bolt-R above the disk 1", so as to move freely thereon and be held in place thereby, so that the face of the valves will, in operation, alternately cover and uncover the perforations of the disks 0' T when they slide upon the rod. The pump-supply being connected below the lower valve, it, and the discharge above the upper valve, 1%", the alves will operate automatically in working the pump between them. The upper section, It, of the pump'shell is connected at its lower portion with the feed-pipe K, that is connected with the water-heating drum and coil of the boiler, as above described. The upper portion of the shell 1% extends above the connection with the pipe Ksufficiently to form an air-chamber of well-known utility. The lowermost shell-section, R is connected at its side with one of the passages of a three-way cock, S, the straight passages s s of which are Apupused to connect the pump with a pipe communicating with the bottom of the water-leg of the boiler, and the passages s s are used to connect the pump with a pipe that leads to the water-supply. The three way cock S thus serves to place the lower end of the pump in communication with either the watersupply to feed the boiler, or, after the boiler is suflicieutly full, with the lower part of the boiler through pipe T, to permit the pump to force a circulation around the water-connections ot' the boiler, either for a temporary fast production of steam or for cleansing the same, the rapid circulation of water serving to effectually scour-and cleanse the coils and water-leg. A forced circulation through the boiler in the manner described will materially check foaming. The three-way cock S also serves to connect the pipe T, leading from the lower part of the boiler, and the water-supply pipe U, so that they may be placed in communication with each other and shut off from the pump, which permits the water in the boiler to be blown oft through the supply-pipe U or into the water-supply tank, in which case the heat of the water blown off will raise the temperature of, the feedwater. The pipe T is U- shaped and forms a siphon or trap to hold sufficient water at all times to prevent the steam from escaping into the pump.

By the peculiar arrangement of feed-water pipe, water-heatin g drum, and water-pipe coil the water is raised to the boiling-point before it flows into the water-leg and is converted into steam. The steam-superheating coil is arranged above the water-coil, so that it will be sufficiently protected from the direct rays of the furnace. Arapid generation of dry and highly-elastic steam is thus obtained by this construction.

We claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters -Patent 1. In a vertical cylindrical steam-boiler, the

' boiler, having a double shell the whole length thereof, and a water-heating drum communicating with the feed-pipe and water-heating pipe and surrounded by the latter, the said water-heating drum being provided with an inverted conical bottom, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

3. The combination, in an annular steamboiler, of the water-heating drum, a waterheating coil surrounding the drum, both arranged in the upper portion of the boiler, and hanger-straps hooked at both ends and suspended from the upper edge of the boiler, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination, in a vertical cylindrical boiler, ofa water-heating coil communicating with the annular water-leg of the boiler and a superheating steam-pipe arranged in a horizontal coil above the water-pipes, to be protected thereby, and connected with the steamspace of the boiler, substantially as described.

' 5. The combination, in a vertical cylindri-.

cal boiler provided with an annular waterleg and steam-chamber above, of a superheatiug steam-pipe arranged in a horizontal coil in the upper part of the boiler, and a safetyvalve arranged outside of the boiler-casing,

with a base as a union or joint between the 7. In a vertical cylindrical boiler, the combiuation of a fire-chamber, a water-heating drum and coil in the upper part of said chamber, and a superheating-coil communicating with said boiler, the latter having also a double shell to forma water-leg, and an open-ended cylindrical division-plate extended from the upper to the lower portion of the water-leg and suspended in such manner that the water may freely circulate around it, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

8. The combination, in a "ertical cylindrical boiler, of a double inner shell, an external casing having air descending and ascending flues, and a conical ash-pan secured to its lower end, kept apart from the lower edge of. the shell by bolts in such manner as to leave a space between them for einders to pass, substantially as described.

9. The combination, in a vertical cylindrical boiler provided with a double shell to form a Water-leg, of a Water-pipe coil connected with both shells, and a hollow tube-plug, closed at the outer end and open at its inner end, connected to the water-pipe by an elbow-joint, and provided with an opening to connect the water-leg with the water-coil, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

10. The combination, with a cylindrical steam-boiler constructed as specified, of the pump, feed-Water pipe, water-coil, Water-leg, siphoirpipe, pump-supply pipe, and threeway cock connecting the siphon-pipe, supplypipe, and pump, in the manner and for the purpose described.

DAN W. KELLOGG. WILLIAM A. KIRBY. Witnesses:

HORACE T. 000K, NELsoN B. ELDRED.

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