US425986A - copeland - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. D. COPELAND.

STEAM GENERATOR.

No; 425,986. Patented Apr. 22. 18-90.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. D. OQPELAND.

STEAM GENERATOR. No. 425,986. Patented Apr. 22, 1890.

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(No Model.) e Sheets-Sheet 3. L. D. COPELAND.

STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 425,986. Patented Apr. 22, 1890.

6 Sheets-Sheet 4. D

('No Mode1.)

L. D. COPE STEAM GENE T 1 INYENIUF- XQW fiw (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5. L. D. COPELAND. STEAM GENERATOR.

Patented Apr. 22, 1890.

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INYENTEIFI/ OWQQWM/ {M 49 WM (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

L. D. COPELAND.

STEAM GENERATOR.

Patented Apr. 22, 1890.

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INYEN'IUIFl WITNEEEEE UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LUCIUS DAY COPELAND, OF CAMDEN, N ElV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE NORTIIROP MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,986, dated April 22, 1890.

Application filed March 14, 1889.

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, LUorUs DAY COPELAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Camden, in the county of Camden and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in SteamGenerators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

lWIy invention has relation to certain improvements in the type of safety steam-boilers constituting the subject of Letters Patent of the United States, No. 360,759, dated April 5, 1887, and No. 394,461, dated December 1]., 1888.

The object of my present invention is to reduce the cost of manufacture, lessen the weight, decrease the size, and, in general, to render the generator more efficient, convenient, and economical.

The boiler or generator embodying my improvements is adapted to be heated byliquid fuel.

In my patents above referred to I have shown the boiler as consisting of a main casing or cylinder inclosing a multiplicity of smaller cylinders provided with fire-fines and having their steam-spaces intercommunicating by means of short pipes, so as to produce a circulation throughout the entire steam and water space. In the present instance I retain these features of construction and arrangement; but in order to economize space, labor, and expense I have dispensed with the drop water-tubes described in. said patents and have substituted therefor a heating-coil, which answers every purpose and which is readily and conveniently accessible. By use of this coil I am enabled to contract without imparing the efficiency of the fire-space, and to therefore materially reduce the size of the generator.

Another feature of my present inventionis the connection of all the steam and water spaces of the cylinders surrounding the central cylinder to the latter at top and bottom, so that all the cylinders may drain into the central cylinder, from which the mud and impurities may be blown off at intervals. The outer cylinders are coupled to the inner Serial No. 303,280. (No model.)

or central cylinder by means of short pipes with suitable union-connections, which will allow of any of the cylinders being disconnected at pleasure.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of a safety-boiler embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section on line one: of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are similar sections of modified constructions of boilers. Fig. 5 is a vertical partially sectional, Fig. 6 a top, and Fig. 7 a detail, view ofa modification. Figs. 8 and 9 are top views, and Fig. 10 a vertical partially sectional view of another modification.

Referring now particularly to Figs. 1 to 3, A designates the main casing or shell of a smaller generator surmounted by the dome A and resting on the base B, above which is the fire-space C. The casin g A may be of the construction described in my patent, No. 894,l61, or of any other suitable construction. D designates the main or central steam-generator cylinder, having around it the supplementary cylinder D D, &c.,with fire-lines (Z (Z, (as in said patent,) the latter communicating with the fire-space and with the flue E. The water-space of each cylinder D is connected at top and bottom to the water-space of the central cylinder D by means of short pipes e e, which rise above and depend from the cylinders D a sufficient distance to allow of a free and unobstructed draft and to permit of the ready use of the flue-cleaner. The central cylinder is pierced at intervals in its wall for the purpose of communication with the cylinders D, and rings F F, having nipples f f for the branches f 'f, to which the small tubes e c are connected by suitable union-couplings h h, are secured to the outside of the main steamcylinder D. II designates the heating-coi1, located in the fire-space and connected at its upper end to one of the pipes e and at its lower end to the blow-oif pipe I. A connection is also made at K with the central cylinder D, and in said pipes K a fusible plug may be placed, as shown at 7;. The coil H, being in connection with the cylinders D, is in the line of water circulation and serves as a medium for rapid generation of steam' and the maintainance of the heat.

Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a construction adapted to boilers of from four to twelve horse-power.- The general construction and arrangement are the same as for the smaller boiler, the only difference being in the multiplying'of the short tubes e e to accommodate the in creased number of supplementary cylinders. Suitable union connections are provided at different points on the pipes e and 6, so that the cylinders may be disconnected from each other and from the central cylinder.

In Fig. I have shown a boiler of a somewhat modified construction and arrangement of parts. The boiler shell or casing A, instead of being cylindrical, as above described, is

slightly oblong or elliptical in horizontal section, and is so shaped in order to accommodate a series of steam-generating cylinders D, arranged in conformity with the elliptical contour of the shell and grouped around two inner cylinders, which bear substantially the same relation thereto as does the central cylinder shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The outer cylinders D are coupled to the two inner cylinders D by means of pipes e 6' above and below with suitable union-couplings. The two inner cylinders D are coupled together at top andbottomby means of flanged double-headed caps G G, into which the branch pipes e e are let or screwed and through which they communicate with the water or steam spaces of said cylinders. Within the cylinders D the pipes f are extended a short distance and are curved downward, as shown in Fig. 7, so as to discharge the priming from the outer cylinders below the steam-space in the inner cylinders. The cap G is formed with the cavity or chamber Gr between its two heads 9 g, communicatingby ports g with the steamspaces of the two cylinders D D and formed with a boss for the connection of the steamoutlet pipe g leading to the engine. The. steam is thus taken from the cavity or chamber Gr instead of from the cylinders D direct, and is therefore dry.

I11 order to allow of convenient access to the interior of the casing A and the heatingspace, the base of the generator is made in two sections B and O, mounted one upon the other and hinged together at the back, as shown at b. A suitable latch and keeper are fitted to the front portion to lock or fasten the parts together when in position. By reason of the construction above described the upper part of the generator may be thrown back, thus opening out the fire-space and rendering the burner and other parts accessible.

In order to confine the heat within the firespace and prevent downward radiation, a partition or diaphragm t is located below the burner and provided with a protective coating of asbestus or other non-conducting material. A hole is pierced through the center for the passage of the vapor-pipe, and of sufficient size to allow of proper draft, the hole and a number of complete generators coupled together, so as to constitute a battery of boilers within a single main shell or casing.

Figs. 8, 9, and 10 of the drawings show the arrangement referred to, Fig. 9 being a horizontal section above and Fig. 8 a horizontal section below the steam-generatingcylinders. Complete generators are shown 'as grouped within a single main casing A each generator comprising its regular series of cylinders D D and a suitable surrounding casing A. The main casing A may be of any suitable construction; but I prefer the construction described and shown in Letters Patent No. 394,461, which consists of two metallic shells separated from each other by an air-space and having aninterposed packing of asbestus or other suitable non-conducting material. Each generator has its own burner, and the several burners are supplied with oil from a common source by means of a pipe M, surrounding the main casing A and having branches 1W1, with cocks M but any one burner can be shut off without interfering with the others. In the center of the group of generators is located a drum or chest N, appropriately formed with fire-fines n and constituting a superheater. The several generators com municate with this chest or superheater by means of pipes m m, leading from their central cylinders. These pipes are provided with Valves m by which any one or more generators may be cut out of the series. Pipes m are coupled to a pipe 0, which e11- ters the chest N at the top and terminates near the bottom. Each pipe m is provided with a safety-valvep and gage p. The main casing A is formed with a dome or conical top having a central opening A in which is fitted a telescopic or adjustable stack A, as shown. A horizontalpartition Wis arranged within the main casing A below the tops of the generators and embracing the same. This partition has its middle part to sunk down below the base of the superheater, and is so situated that the surplus heat after passing upward throughthe generator-fines is deflected thence downward and around the outside of the superheater, and then upward through the fire-fines of the latter and out through the stack, the direction being indicated by arrows. By raising or lowering the stack the draft is made greater, or vice versa.

The system above described of coupling together a series of separate steam-generators is important and to be distinguished from the usual batteries of generators which together constitute one generator and are generally heated from one common source.

The system which I have described is intended, primarily, for use on small marine vessels, wherein it becomes expedient to use greater or less steam supply and pressure n11- der varying conditions. A vessel equipped with a battery of, say, four generators coupled together, as shown and explained, may ordt narily be run with one or two generators in use, the others being cut out to economize fuel and steam.

Should it be required at any time to quickly increase the power and speed of the engine, it requires but a moment or two to connect up additional generators and ignite their burners, when the desired power will be quickly obtained. This course will be found particularly advantageous in connection with racing vessels, for which high speed is only required on special occasions.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a tubular steam-boiler, the combination, with the steam-generating cylinders having fire-fines located above the fire-box, of a heating-coil located in said fire-box and communicating with one of said outside cylinders and also with the central cylinder and with ablow-ol'f pipe, substantially as described.

2. In a tubular steam-boiler, the combination, with the central steam-cylinder and a multiplicity of supplementary cylinders, of tubes connecting said supplementary cylinders with the central cylinder at top and bottom above and below the former, whereby all the cylinders drain into one common reservoir, the inner ends of the upper tubes being deflected, so as to discharge the priming downward, substantially as described.

In a tubular steam-boiler, the combination, with the central steam cylinder or cylinders and a multiplicity of supplementary cylinders, of tubes connecting said supplementary cylinders with the central cylinder at top and bottom above and below the former in such a manner as not to obstruct draft, whereby all the cylinders drain into one common reservoir, substantially as described.

at. In a tubular steam-boiler, the combination, with a central cylinder orcylinders and a multiplicity of supplementary cylinders containing the fire-flues, of tubes connecting said supplementary cylinders with the central cylinder or cylinders, whereby all the cylinders drain into one common reservoir, substantially as described.

5. In a tubular steam-boiler, the combination, with a central steam cylinder or cylinders and a multiplicity of supplementary cylinders arranged exteriorly thereto, said supplementary cylinders containing the fire-fines, of connecting-pipes constructed in separable sections and joined together by means of union-couplings, substantially as described.

6. In a tubular stean'i-generator comprising a series ol. steam-generating cylinders and a surrounding casing or shell, the combination, with said shell or casing and the cylinders inclosed therein, of a base made in two sections, one resting upon the other and forming the heating-chamber, and a hinged connection whereby the casing and upper base section may be swung back to open up the heating-chamber, substantially as described.

7. In a tubular steam-generator, the combination, with the central duplicate cylinders and the surroundin g supplementary cylinders, ot' the flanged double caps coupling the central cylinders together and constructed with a steam-space between the two heads, with ports leading thereto from the cylinders, substantially as set forth.

8. A manifold steam-generator consisting of or comprising a battery of separate generators of the tubular type within a main casin g or shell, each generator being formed of a series of steam-generating cylinders grouped around and coupled to a central cylinder or cylinders, into which they drain, and all the central cylinders coupled to a main drum located in the center of the battery, substantially as set forth.

9. In a tubular steam-generator consisting of or comprising a battery of separate generators of the tubular type, each provided with its own burner, the combination of the generators and burners with a common oil-supply pipe and branches leading to the different burners, said branches being provided with cocks or shut-off valves, whereby one or more burners may be cut off, as desired, substantially as set forth.

10. In a tubular steam-generator, the combination, with a main casing having an adjustable smoke-stack and a deflecting-plate arranged below the same, of a multiplicity of separate generators coupled together or to a central drum, substantially as set forth.

11. In a tubular steam-generator comprising a series of separate and independent generators having their steanrspaces coupled to a central drum or superheater having firefiues constructed therein, and all located within a single main casing, the combination, with said generator and drum and with the smokestack, of a deiiecting-partition located below the upper ends of the generators and embracing the same, said partition being constructed with a sunken center forming a cylindrical cavity the base of which is below the stea1ndrum, whereby the waste heat escaping from the fines of the generator will be deflected downward around the drum and thence upward through the fiues of the latter to the stack, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I clainr the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of March, 1889.

LUCIUS DAY COPELAND.

\Vitnesses:

BENTLEY L. RINEHART, BENJ. C. POLE.

IIO

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