US544152A - de benjumea - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. D. DE BENJUMBA. STEAM BOILER.

W/TNESSES,

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. D. DE BENJUMEA. STEAM BOILER.

No. 544,152. Patented Aug. 6, 1895.

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(No Model.)

No. 544,152. Patented Aug. 6,1895.

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JOS D. DE BENJUMEA, or Nnw YORK, N. Y.

STEAM-BOILR.'

SPECIFICATIN forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,152, dated August 6, 1895. vApplication filed November 10, 1894 Serial No. 528,399- (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOS D. DE BENJUMEA, of New York city, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Steam-Boiler, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to steam-boilers, and has for its objects to provide a steam-generator which is very strong, comparatively light, and that is adapted byits construction to utilize the heat produced within it to a remarkable degree, whereby safety and economy are secured by the use of the improvements.

To these ends my invention consists in the construction and combination of parts, as is hereinafter described, and indicated in the claims. f

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a sectional side view substantially on the line 1 1 in Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a partly sectional side view of the improvement, showing some parts slightly modified in form. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view on the line 3 3 in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4t is a partly sectional side View of a horizontal boiler having a fire-box and the improvements applied substantially in the same manner as represented in the preceding figures.

Referring primarily to Figs. 1, 2, and 8, which show th-e embodiment of my invention in a vertical boiler, 10 represents the shell or casing of cylindrical form.

An ash-pit 11 is produced in the base of the shell 10 by supporting a series of grate-bars 12 at their ends on a bracketring-13, or by other means, at a proper distance above the support whereon the boiler stands, and above the grate-bars a fire-chamber 14 is formed'by lining the shell with fire-brick or other refractory material 15, that is preferably converged, as shown at 14a, to provide a central throat-aperture.

To facilitate the construction and assembling of parts it is preferred to separate the shell 10 on the line of the top surface of the lining-wall 15 and connect the two shell-sections by angle-iron rings 10b that are bolted together, as represented in Fig. 1.

On the lining material 15 two concentric shells 16 17 are erected, the shell 17 having a greater diameter than the shell 16, the latter being located near the margin of the throataperture 14 and the shell 17 being located outside of the shell 16 concentric therewith and with the outer shell 10.

Between the shell 10 and the shell 17 a spiral partition 18 is introduced and secured by any suitable means, and the said partition may be formed of any appropriate material and be solid, as shown in Fig. 1, or hollow, as represented at 18a in Fig. 2, where the upper portion of the spiral partition appears.

A second spiral partition 19 is inserted between the concentric shells 16 and 17, which is preferably given a pitch similar to that of the outer spiral partition 18, and said partition 19, that maybe solid or hollow, is secured to the shells 16 and 17 by cross bolts or rivets 19a,`and if constructed hollow the partition 19 may be so connected with the heat-passage 22a that the products of combustion will traverse the hollow partition and aid in heating the water. y

The shells 16 17 are preferably corrugated, as at 16a 17a, between the plain portions, that are engaged by the partitions 18 and 19, thereby greatlyincreasing their strength an'd heat-conducting surface.

The annular space between the shells 16 17 is closed at the upper and lower ends by rings 2O 21, that are secured in place water and steam tight by transverse bolts or rivets 2Oa and 21a. I

Within the shell 16 a third spiral partition 22 is held by any preferred means, having contact with the inner surface ofthe shell 16, as shown clearly in Fig. 1, the points of impinge being on the plain portions of said shell, so that a close joint is aorded.

The spiral partition 22 has contact with a core 23, that extends through the center of the coil and serves to close the aperture that would be formed if said core were not provided, thereby producing a continuous spiral passage 22a. On the upper end of the shell 10 an angle ring 10d is secured, so as to project one iiange radially therefrom, or the shell itself may be bent at a rightl angle outwardly at the upper end to provide a circumferential flange, whereon the crown-sheet 2 4 is secured and covers the top of the said Ico shell 10, a space intervening said crown-sheet and the upper ends of the shells 15 and 17, as shown in Fig. 1.

A steam-dome 25 is located o'n the shell 10, and preferably has a circumferential flange 25, formed or secured on the edge that rests either on the crown-sheet 24 or on the angleiron ring 10% IE the crown sheet is introduced between the flange of the dome and that of the shell these paris may be secured together by one set of bolts, as is shown at 24 in Figs. 1 and 2.

The spiral space 1G, between the shells 16 and 17, is designed to contain water, that may be introduced at a desired point by any usual means, (not showin) and two or more branch pipes 2G are extended between the shell 17 and crown-sheet 24, tapping the said shell and sheet, thus affording free passage for Water and steam between the cavity of the dome 25 and spiral water-space 16".

The crown-sheet 24 may be reinforced by one or more arched crown-bars 27, secured to the sheet b y bolts in the ordinary manner, and at the apex of the dome a steam'outlet pipe 29 is secured, as shown, or said pipe may be attached at any other point if preferred.

Hand-holes are formed in the shell 10 at ditferent points to afford access to the spiral passage 10, intervening the coils of the spiral partition 1S, which hand-holes are covered by bonnets 2S, held in place by bail-clamps 28, or in any other ordinary Way, and which bonnets when removed will permit the removal of deposits, such as ashes or soot, that may accumulate in the spiral passage mentioned.

At the lower end of the spiral passage 10c a draft-pipe 28 is secured over an aperture in the shell 10, which pipe is extended of a sufficient height to insure a proper combustion of fuel placed in the fire-chamber 14, access to which chamber is afforded through an aperture in the liningwall 15, that is closed by a hinged door 15 in the usual manner.

The boiler-shell may be covered by any suitable non-conductor of heat, as shown at 10e in Fig. 2.

The ash-pit 1l may have air-ducts in its side Wall, and these apertures have the ordinary register-gates 11 to regulate the admission of air for supplying oxygen to the fuel in the fire-chamber.

It is to be understood that the usual fittings for a steamboiler,such as a steam-gage, safety-valve, and Watergages,-are to be supplied for the boiler, but as these are not necessary to show the features of invention they are omitted from the drawings.

The operation of the improved steam-boiler is as follows: Water is supplied to the spiral space 16b in suiiicient amount to cause it to enter the steam-dome and cover the crownsheet 24, and for effective service, as Well as to protect said sheet, Water should be fed to the boiler while in service, so as to maintain it about at the level shown in Fig. l, which will allow ample space above the Water for containing steam. Fire being started in the fire-chamber 14, the heatcurrent and products of combustion will pass up the spiral passage 22, that intervenes the coils of the spiral partition 22, the course of the heat being indicated by arrows in Fig. 1. After the hot products of combustion have traversed the comparatively long spiral passage in the inner shell 1G they will impiuge on the under side of the crown'sheet 24, and as the surface of the shell 1G, with which the heat is thrown in contact, is corrugated the passage of said heat will be somewhat retarded, and a large percentage of heat is absorbed and transmitted to the water in the spiral space 16. The heat is deflected by the crown-sheet 21, and a portion transmitted through said plate to the Water covering the crown-sheet, and by the draft of the pipe 2S the hot products of combustion are drawn down the spiral passage intervening the partition 18, which Will cause the heat thus drawn to have contact with the corrugated portion of the shell 17, thereby heating it and the water that contacts its inner surface.

It will be seen that by the peculiar construction of the improved boiler, a spiral water column is enveloped byan ascending and descending spiral column of heat, and as the water thus exposed to heat is of comparatively small volume at any point itis rapidly raised in temperature, and steam is evolved copiously and quickly.

The long passages that the heat from the fire-chamber is compelled to traverse before the products of combustion reach the draftpipe effect the transmission of a large percentage of heat to the water in the space 16" for heating said water to produce steam, so that great economy results from the use of the improvements.

The peculiar disposition of the material composing the boiler affords great strength in proportion to the Weight and thickness of said material, as the corrugation of the shells 1G 17 in spiral form, While it increases heatingsurface, also increases the capacity of these shells to resist bursting-strains, so that a comparatively light boiler having the improvements is capable of sustaining safely a very high steam-pressure, which is of advantage wherever it is desired to economize in cost, weight, and dimensions of a boiler that is capable of evolving safely ver()T high pressure steam.

In Fig. Il of the drawings l have shown my improvements applied to a horizontal boiler, and the construction, being very similar to that above described, will need no special description.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. A steam-boiler, comprising acasing, having a fire box and concentric shells arranged to form a tubular water space and inner and outer heating spaces, one of the heatin g spaces IIO havingone end in communication with the fire-box and the other'heating space having its adjacentend connected to the outlet Iiue and separated from the fire-box, the other ends of the said heating spaces being connected together, substantially as set forth.

2. A steam -boiler comprising concentric shells arranged to form a tubular Water space, an inner heating space inclosed by the water space, and an outer heating space inclosing the water space, and spiral partitions in the said spaces,- substantially. as set forth.

3. A steam-boiler comprising three concentric shells arranged to form a tubular water space, an inner inclosed heating space and an outer inclosing heating space, the inner shells, a crown sheet arranged above the top of the water-space, a steam-dome over the crownsheet and connected to the water-space, and a tire-box connected to the foot of the inner heating space, substantially as set forth.

4. In a steam boiler, the combination with an outer cylindrical shell, and two cylindrical shells, one of greater diameter than the other, located concentrically within said outer shell, the said inner shells having spiral corrugations, of a spiral partition between the outer shell and the outermost of the inner shells, a spiral partition between the inner shells, a secondspiral partition within the innermost of the inner shells, and closing rings at the top and bottom of the inner shells, substantially as described.

5. In a steam boiler, the combination with an outer cylindrical shell, two concentrically disposed inner cylindrical she1ls,'spiral partitions between and within the inner shells and the outer shell, and a closing ring at each end of the inner shells, of a steam dome on the shell above 'thekspiral partitions, and branch pipes extending from the space between the -inner shells to tap the dome, substantially as described.

6. In a steam boiler, the combination with an upright, cylindrical shell having a ire chamber in its base, and two cylindrical shells of dierent diameters, within and concentric with the outer shell, of a spiral partition with in the innermost shell and forming an up-take for hot gases from the fire chamber, sealing Arings between the ends of the two inner shells,

forminga water holding space between said shells, a spiral partition in said space, a spiral partition between the larger of the inner shells and the outer shell, forming a spiral downtake passage for products ot' combustion, a draft pipe at the lower eind of said passage, a deilecting crown sheet on the top of the outer shell and spaced from the upper ends of the inner shells, a steam dome on the outer shell, and connecting pipes between the water space and the'dome, substantially as described.l

-7. A steam-boiler comprising concentric rings having corrugations separated by spiral plain surfaces, said rings being arranged to form concentric heating and water spaces, and spiral partitions secured to said spiral plain surfaces of the rings, substantially as set forth.

Joss D'. DE BENJUMEA.

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