US360233A - maltby - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

F. D. MALTBY.

STEAM BOILER. No. 360,233. Patented Ma.1*.29, 1887.

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(No Model.). 5 Sheets'Sheet 2.

' P. D. MALTBY.

STEAM BOILER.

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F. D. MALTBY.

STEAM BOILER ate nted Mar. 29, 1887,

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(No Model.) I 5 Sheets-Sheet 5. F. D. MALTBY.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 360,233. Patented Mar. 29, 18.87.

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FRANK D. MALTBY, OF IVASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO L. G. HINE, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 360,233, dated March 29, 1867,

' Application filed July 27, 1885. Serial No. 172,833. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it 72mg concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK DELBERT DIALTBY, of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to that class of boilers in which the generating-surface is secured by the use of a series of water-coils mounted within a shell or body above the grate and combustion-chamber.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is arear elevation of my boiler, the movablesection or side of the shell being thrown open in order 1 to expose the interior parts to view and to show the manner in which the coils are introduced and sustained. Fig. 2 is a vertical crosssection of the boiler on the line 1 l of Figs. 4, 5, and 6, looking from the front toward the rear. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line2 2 of Figs. 4, 5, and 6, looking toward the front. Fig. 4 isa horizontal cross-section on the line 3 3 of Figs. 1, 2, and 3, looking downward upon the lower generating-coil. Fig. 5 is a 2 5 horizontal cross-section of the boiler on the line 4 4, looking downward upon the feed-water coil. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the boiler with the dome or hood of the body removed, showing particularly the manner in which the steam dome or chamber is sustained. Figs. 7 and S are respectively a crosssection and a rear elevation of one of the couplings by which the coils are connected to the upright pipes or manifolds. Fig. 9 is aside elevation of the same in a modified form.

In proceeding to construct my boiler I first provide an upright shell or body, A, preferably of cylindrical form, composed of inner and outer walls, a and a, of sheet metal, separated by an intervening air-space, c, and riveted or otherwise secured to intermediate metal rings, d. Atits base the shell is seated on a cast-metal ring, 6, having at its upper edge a perforated flange, f, seated between and riv- 5 eted to the walls of the shell. The outer wall is provided, near the top,with air-admission openings 9, and the base-ring provided with openings h, through which the air descending between the walls is permitted to escape into 0 the base-chamber or ash-pit beneath the firegrate The grate is sustained at its periphsion may require.

cry on a flange or shoulder cast on the inside of the ring 6, which'is also provided with an annular depending flange, c, the purpose of which is to direct the air downward,so that in ascending to the grate it may be diffused or evenly distributed thereover. Around the shell,in line with the air-inlets g, I locate a re volving ring, k, provided with corresponding openings, and serving as a means of regulat- 5o ing the size of or closing the air-inlets,as occa- The shell is'divided horizontally into three sections, the first terminating at the top of the fire-pot or chamber and the second terminating at the base of the dome or hood.

The central section, which constitutes the coil or generatirig-chamber, is divided vertically on opposite sides of the center, and has the rear side or half hinged to the remaining portion, as shown at Z, Fig. 4, so that it may be swung backward or outward, as represented in Figs. 1 and 4, in order to give access to the interior across its full diameter, for the purpose of permitting the introduction and rcmoval of the coils in the manner which will be presently explained. The edges of the sta- A tionary half of the shell are provided .with notches m, (see Fig. 1,) to receive the ends of the coil and give support thereto.

The boiler may contain any suitable number of coils; but in the drawings I have shown for the purposes of illustration but two generating-coils and one] double coil for the heat ing of the feed-water.

'B B i represent the steam generating coils, each consisting of a continuous pipe coiled horizontally in a spiral form, the inner end being extended horizontally outward above the coils, while the opposite or outer end is 0 turned inward, extended across the central space or opening and projected outward beneath the coils from the opposite side of the center from the end first mentioned, as plainly represented in Figs. 2, 3, and 4. It is to be 5 noted that I produce in this mannera coil exposing a very large heating-surface, but occupyingavery smallspace in avertical direction, that the two ends of the eoilare located at different heights, and that they are projected in diametrically-opposite directions, so that they may be emp oyed to sustain the coil on opposite sides of the boiler. The generatingcoils thus constructed are introduced through the open side of the boiler and their ends seated in the notches m, before alluded to. This construction renders the coils self-sustain: mg, admits of each coil being introduced and removed in a horizontal direction without disturbance of the others, and permits them to be readily removed and inserted by a single attendant. hen the hinged side of the shell is closed,its edges serve to confine the ends of the coil in the supporting-notches.

In order to secure the required circulation, I c0nnect the ends of the generating-coils outside ofthe boiler to an upright pipe or manifold, O, by couplings, which will be hereinafter described, this manifold extending upward, as shown, above the coils. The lower or receiving ends of the coils are connected inlike manner at the opposite side to apipe or manifold, D, extending downward below the level of the C011, and connected at its foot by a returncoupling, E, to an upright pipe, F.

The pipes D and F servejointly as a waterleg, offering a greater resistance to the flow of water than is offered bythe manifold 0, thus lnsuring the circulation of the water in the proper direction, in the manner and for the reasons familiar to those skilled in the art.

Centrally in the upper part of the shell I locate the steam dome or chamber G, which is connected on one side by a base-pipe, H, to the upper end of the pipe F of the water-leg. On the opposite side the steam-dome is connected by a base-pipe, I, with the lower end of a chamber, J, attached to the upper end of the manifold G. This chamber J, which is of a vertical height equal to or greater than that of the steam-dome, is also connected to the dome at its upper end by means of a horizontal pipe, K.

The steam-dome is preferably constructed of. a cylindrical shape, screwed at its upper and lower ends into the cast-metal caps, having necks thereon to receive the various pipes.

The base of the steam-dome is also provided with a third pipe, M, extending horizontally outward through the shell and connected at its lower end to the base of an upright chamber, N, the purpose of which will be hereinafter described. The three pipes H, I, and M extend from the steam-dome in different directions, and being seated in the boiler they serve to give the dome a firm support, and to permit the parts to expand and contract without strain or injury. In the top of the tube F, I mount, as shown in Fig. 2, a nozzle, P, through which the feed-water is introduced in a downward direction adjacent to the mouth of the pipe H, the inflowing jet serving to compel a circulation of the water, as indicated by the arrows, downward through the pipe F, upward through the leg or manifold D, thence through the several generating-coils B into the upper manifold, G, and thence upward into the chamber J, andthrough the pipe I into the water passes from the top of the dome G and chamber J to an outlet-pipe, R, which may be connected, as shown, to the top of the chamber J, or, ifv preferred, to the top, of the steam-dome G. The feed-water is delivered into a chamber, S, above the nozzle P, and its admission is regulated ,by means of a tapered threaded spindle, T, having on the outer end a hand-wheel or equivalent operating device, so as to contract the opening through the nozzle.

In order to facilitate the circulation of the water in the proper direction, it is found desirable to maintain as much difference as pos-' sible in temperature between the water in the upper manifold, O, and-that in the lower manifold, D. To this end I propose to apply the inflowing feed-water, which is commonly at a relatively low temperature, asa jacket to reduce the temperature of the water flowing through the pipe F. This is most conveniently secured by surrounding the pipe F with a second pipe, U, of larger diametenseated 1n caps or coils at the ends, thus producing an annular water-space around the pipe F. The feed-water will be introduced into the base of this jacket, as shown in Fig. 1, and will escape from its top into the lower-end of the feed-water heating coil V, which will be coupled to the jacket, as shown.

Referring now to this heatingcoil,it will be observed that it is located in the upper part of the coil-shell above the generating-coil, and that its two ends are seated in notches in the edge of the stationary portion and confined by the movable portion, so that it may be inserted and removed in the same manner as the generating-coils and without disturbing any of the other parts.

The heating-coil consists of a continuous pipe coiled in successive horizontal spirals one above the other, the coils winding alternately inward to the center and from the center outward from the circumference, or, as it is commonly expressed, in inwinding and outwinding coils.

The upper end of the heatingcoil is connected to the chamber S and to the nozzle P, in the manner before alluded to and as plainly represented in Figs. 1, 3, and 5. t

In the use of water-coil boilers, which are commonly operated at much higher pressure than those of other forms, it occasionally happens that a coil will crack or open in such manner as to permit the escape of the steam or water. In coilboilers as hitherto made this leakage had the effect of rendering the boiler inoperative, so that the drawing of the fire became necessary. As this stoppage would in the case of marine boilers prove disastrous, I provide my boiler with cocks at the extremities of each coil, so that each coil may be shut off from communication with the rest of the boiler at will, so that the operation of the boiler may be continued with the remaining coils. These cocks, which are shown at WV, Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5, may be of any suitable steam-dome G. The steam liberated by the form and applied in any appropriate manner at the ends of the coils. As it will be desirable to remove a defective coil,in order to repair the same or substitute another in its place, I unite the coils to the manifolds by couplings, which admit of their being quickly disconnected, and locate the cocks WV in the stationary part of these couplings, so that the coil may be removed without permitting the escape of the steam or water. The preferred construction of these couplings is plainly represented in Figs. 7, 8, and 9.

In Figs. 7 and 8 an elbow, n, screwed upon the end of a coil is formed with a spherical head or surface, a, and with side legs or projections, R2. The manifold is provided with a corresponding seat or cavity, in which the head is seated, and secured by means of hooked clamps 0, which are engaged at one end over the studs a", and provided at the opposite end with a hand-screw or equivalent tightening device, p, bearing against the rear side of the manifold, so that when the screw is tightened the clamp will force the spherical head tightly.

to its seat. The spherical surfaces may be ground together to produce a tight joint, or a packing-ring of asbestus or equivalent material may be introduced between them. The coupling thus constructed possesses the advantage of permitting an instantaneous conneetion and disconnection of the parts,while allowing the coils to play sufficiently to accommodate themselves to the contraction and expansion of the parts and the twisting strains encountered in practice.

If preferred, the position of the clamp 0 may be reversed, as shown in Fig. 9, the studs n being in such case formed on the manifold and the screw seated against the head or elbow of the coil.

The figures last mentioned show the cock \V applied in the manner before referred to, to close the opening when the coil is disconnected or rendered inoperative.

Referring again to the return-bend at the foot of the water-leg, it is adapted to serve as a sediment-trap or mud-drum, and for this purpose it is provided at the foot with a removable cap or covering-plate, q, and also with a cock, 0, at a suitable distance above the cap. The cock stands normally in an open position, so that the sediment maypass through the same. \Vhen it is desired to remove the sediment, the cock r is closed, whereupon the cap (1 maybe removed and the sedimentdischarged without interfering with the action of the boiler.

In order that the attendantmay know at all times whether the circulation is being perfectly maintained, I propose to locate at the ends of the coils in the manifolds and at other suitable points rotary indicators to be actuated by the moving water. These indicators are most advantageously constructed in the form represented at Y, Fig. 3. A shell or casing, forming a section of the pipe or water-passage, contains arotary wheel, .9, having radial arms, which project on one side into the water-passage, so that a movement of the water will impart a rotary motion thereto. An opening is formed in the side of the casing, and closed by a transparent plate, 25, of glass or equ valent material, through which the blades of the wheel may be viewed. Fig. 3 illustrates one of these indicators, applied also at the upper end of the lower generating-coil.

. For the purpose of causing a strong draft when required, I propose to locate in the top of the boiler, or in the foot of its stack, a retary fan, Z, of any appropriate construction, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. This fan will be driven from an engine or other suitable motor. I also propose to provide, in additionto the fan, pipes it, connected with a steam-boiler, or with an air-pump, and discharging lnto the upper part of the air-space c, as shown in Fig. 3, so that after closing the ring or valve k the steam or air may be driven downward through the hollow walls beneath the fire.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a water-coil boiler, the combination of a divided separable shell or casing, a series of coils located therein and extended outward at their ends thereth'rougl'nand external pipes or manifolds connecting the series of coils,said coils being removable in series, as described, through the side of the shell without discon nection from the manifolds.

2. The generating-coil of a flat spiral form, with one end carried across beneath the convolutions of the coil proper to support the same.

3. In a water-coil boiler having a horizontal coil connected at one end to a descending manifold or water-leg, a jacket combined with the descending manifold, substantially as described, to direct the cold feed-water in contact therewith, whereby an increased difference is secured in the temperature of the wa ter in the respective manifolds and a proper circulation insured.

4. The shell or casing, in combination with the horizontal coils B, ascending manifold O, descending manifold l), pipe F, and steamdrum G.

5. The shell or casing, in combination with the horizontal coils B, manifolds O D, pipe F, steam-dome G, the connecting-pipes H, I, and K, and chamber J, as described and shown.

(5. The combination of the horizontal coils, the manifold 0, attached to their delivery ends, the steam-drum G, the connecting-pipes I and K, and the chamber J, connecting said manifold with both the top and the bottom of the dome.

7. In combination with the shell, the central steam-dome and the three radial sustaining-pipes extended from the dome through the shell on different sides.

8. In combination with the inner and outer walls of the shell, the base-ring 6, having the perforated top flange to sustain the walls and admit air beneath the grate.

9. In combination with the inner and outer 11. In a boiler ofthe type herein described,

the shell having the double wall with openings to the atmosphere and to the ash-pot, respectively, in combination with the blast-pipe I,

opening into said walls, and the ring or valve to close the opening and compel the passage of the blast to the fire.

12. The water-leg having the foot-piece E, to receive sediment, in combination with the cock and the cap or equivalent independent means, as described, of closing the foot piece, whereby the removal of sediment is permitted without blowing off the boiler.

13. In combination with a pipe or waterconductor. in a steam-boiler,an indicator-wheel located therein and actuated by the water to show the course and rapidity of the circulation.

14. In combination with the water-pipe or manifold of a steam-boiler, a wheel, 8, and a transparent plate, t, through which the wheel is exposed to view.

-15. In a water-coil boiler, the combination of a manifold or water-circulation pipe with a nozzle attached to the feed-water pipe and arranged to deliver the feed-water into the c1rculation-pipe, as described, whereby the inflowing feed-water is caused to enforce the circulation.

I 16. The series ofgenerating-coils B,the manifolds C D, pipe F. the steamdome connected with the manifolds, and the feed heating-coll located above the generating-coils and discharging into pipeF, said members comb ned for joint operation, substantially as descrlbed and shown.

17. In a coil-boiler, the water-leg, in combination with the encircling jacket U and the feed heating-coil connected at its receiving end with the jacket, as described and shown.

18. The combination of the manifold and the coil having hemispheric contact-surfaces and the clamp, substantially as described, to maintain their union.

19. The coil having the spheroidal head or end and the manifold having a seat of corresponding form,in combination with the forked clamp and its confining-screw.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two attesting witmesses. FRANK D. MALTBY. WVitnesses:

P. T. Donen, WV. H. SHIPLEY.

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