US699777A - Heating feed-water. - Google Patents

Description

Patented May l3, I902.

F. H. TREVITHICK.

HEATING FEED WATER.

(Application filed Jan. 14, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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No. 699,777. Patented May l3, I902.

F. H. TREVITHICK.

HEATING FEED WATER.

(Application filed Jan. 14, 1901.! (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Miran Status ATENT FFICE.

FREDERICK HARVEY TREVITHICK, OF OAIRO, EGYPT.

HEATING FEED-WATER.

SEEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 699,777, dated May 13, 1902.

6 Application filed January 14, 1901. Serial No. 13.232. (No model.)

To all whom quay concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK HARVEY TREVITHIOK, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Maison Luares, Cairo, Egypt, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators and in Appliances for Utilizing Exhaust-Steam and aste Furnace-Gases for Heating Feed-Water, (in respect whereof I have applied for a patent in Germany, dated July 6, 1900, and in Great Britain, to bear date August 2-5, 1900, No.15,198,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means for utilizing the heat of the exhaust-steam, as also the furnace-gases for heating the feed-water supplied to steam-generators,whether employing solid or liquid fuel.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate engines of the locomotive type constructed according to my invention, Figure l is an elevation and part longitudinal section; Fig. 2, an end elevation looking toward the cab 5 and Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the first smoke-box and exhaust-steam pipe, Fig. t being a view of the door, detached, to the said first smoke-box. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section; Fig. 6, a view in elevation and part transverse section-; and Fig. 7 ,a view in transverse section, one-half of the figure being taken on the line a: w and the other half on the line 1 .g in Fig. 5, illustrating a construction particularly adapted for use with engines employing liquid fuel. I

Apparatus adapted for carrying the invention into effect comprises a cylindrical vessel ct, provided at each'end with a tube-plate in which a series of heating-tubes b are mounted. These,in the case of non-condensing enginessuch,:for example, as looomotive-engines extend between and open into the first smokebox 0 at the one end and into a second smokebox d at the other end. The cylindrical vessel is traversed centrally by an exhaust-steam pipe 6, which forms a prolongation of the steam-cylinder exhaust-pipe, the latter being carried up through the first smoke-box c to enter and pass through the water-heater a, whence it extends through the second smokebox (Z to the blast-pipe f. A steam-j et f from a pipe adjacent to the mouth of the blast-pipe is available for augmenting the blast. Each end of the exhaust-steam pipe cat the points where it enters and leaves the water-heater is fitted with a hollow packing-piece e and drip-pipe e to carry off water resulting from the condensation of the exhaust-steam. The exhaust-steam pipe may be flared or enlarged from the lower end upward. (See Fig. 3.)

The water'heater a is fitted with the usual doors and wash-out plugs for cleaning purposes. Its capacity varies in proportion to the capacity of the steam-cylinder. Its diameter is determined by the capacity of the tubes b, which latter varies in proportion to the capacity of the boiler. Its length varies (subject always to the conditions of its position) according to the temperature at which the gases enter the tubes, which temperature is determined by the nature of the fuel used and the strength of the blast. Its strength must be adapted to withstand the boiler-pressure but as there is no danger of an explosion only a small margin of safety need be allowed, and the plates used may therefore be comparatively light. Its position can be varied to suit the engine. For example, in the case of noncondensing engines of the locomotive and portable types it would be placed horizontally above the barrel of the boiler 13, while in the case of condensing-engines, such as marine,

engines, it would probably be placed vertically, taking the place of the lower part of the smoke-stack. It is fitted at one end with a clack box or boxes g, which are connected by a pipe or pipes g. with the ordinary feed-water injectors or pumps 9 While at the other end a pipe 71 leads from the top of the vessel to the boiler clack box or boxes 7L'.'

In the case of condensi'ng-engines'the first smoke-box is the ordinary one,the tubes openin g thereinto and into the smoke-stack at their opposite ends. The water-heater merely intervenes between thesmoke-box and the smokestack, of which latter it forms the lower part. A second water-heater similar in design to the first (through which the exhaust-steam passes on its Way from the cylinders to the,

condenser) is placed between the steam-cylinder and the condenser, and through this second water1eater' the feed-water passes on its way to the principal Water-heater, thus gathering heat from the exhaust-steam. In the case of non-condensing engines the first boiler-tubes to the best advantage.

smoke-box c differs from the ordinary one in that the blastpipe does not open into it, no chimney leads out of it, and its upper end is prolonged in the form of atube, which connects with the water-heater a. Through this tube the exhaust-steam pipe e passes on its way to the water-heater a and blast-pipe f, which is a continuation of the exhauststeam pipe and has an orifice proportioned to the force of the blast required to create the necessary draft through the fire. The space in the first smoke-box is divided into two chambers by a curved plate t', arranged so as to partially inclose the boiler-tubes, its extremities depending to a point which will have the efiect of drawing the gases through the The exhaust-steam pipe- 6 passes through the plate 1) on its way to the water-heater a. The second smoke-box dis circular in form. It is attached at one end to the tube-plate of the waterheater a, and at the other end it is conically reduced in diameter to suit the diameter of the smokestack 7c, which continues beyondit. This arrangement of the circular smoke-box and smokestack in conjunction with the modified blast-pipe permits of a softer blast.

The smoke-stack may be of the ordinary type; but in those cases in which it occupies a horizontal position it may, if deemed desirable, befitted with a cap or upwardlyturned pipe to direct the smoke upward.

In certain'cases the blast-pipe may be of large diameter and take the form of a hollow cone f within which works an adjustable solid cone f". In such cases the chimney is of large diameter and tapers in proportion to the angle of the cone of the blast-pipe.

The water-heater a and first smoke-box c are deaded and lagged with wood or other non-conducting material with a view to prevent loss of heat by radiation, as in the case of the boiler. Access to the tubes of the water-heater and to the upper part of the water, is automatically relieved by the opening of the clack box or boxes h of the boiler so soon as the pressure in the water-heater exceeds the boiler steam-pressure. On lighting the fire the gases pass through the boilertubes in the usual manner into the first smoke-box c, whence they escape past the curved plate e and pass back through the tubes 1) in the water-heater a, into the second smoke-box dand thence to the smoke-stack 70, having in their passage yielded their heat to the feed-water in the water-heater a. Thus the temperature of the feed-water becomes raised to a degree nearly approaching that of the water in the boiler, with the result that the water supplied to the boiler is already heated to a temperature varying in proportion to the steam-pressure in the boiler.

The position of the water-heater a, in relation to the boiler varies with the form and position of the latter. In its application to existing locomotives and similar boilers with steam-domes the apparatus is placed over the dome and above the cab, or it may be placed on one side of the boiler above the wheels, in which case the blast-pipe and smoke-stack may be arranged vertically instead of horizontally. The water-heater may in certain cases take the form of a saddle-tank, such as is usual in lo'comotive-engines,the duplicated heaters occupying under such circumstances positions on either side of the boiler and terminating in'a smoke-box of saddle form, within which the blast-pipe and smoke-stack are placed. Instead of the usual steam-dome a cylindrical chamber Z is arranged about the water-heater a.

When liquid fuel is employed, it will be found advantageous to cause the gases to traverse the boiler 13 twice before passing them through the water heater or heaters a. In such cases the barrel of the boiler, including the usual steam-space, is filled with tubes m m, the upper tubes m in the boiler leading to a pocket n, situate between the crown of the furnace and the outer shell 0 of the fire-box o. This pocket at is in communication with the second smoke-box (1, this smokebox communicating with the annular chamber 19, situate between the annular steam-receiverl and the cylindrical water-heater a and extending to the first smoke-box c. The hot gases first traverse the lower tubes m in the boiler,returning through the upper tubes m into the pocket 'n. Thence they pass into the second smoke-box d and through the annular chamber 13 into the first smoke-box c,

' corresponding reduction in back piston-pressure resulting. Around the hollow cone is placed a circular blower f** of-the usual form, which, together with the rush of steam between the cones, becomes most effective in v giving and maintaining a steady and adequate draft on the fire.

By the employment of a blast-pipe and smoke-stack arranged or constructed as herein described, the use of a softer blast and greater air-space between the fire-bars are permissible; While the form. of the smoke-box insures a more even distribution of heat through the boiler-tubes. There is, moreover, immunity from sparks, and the presence of smoke or vapor in front of the driver is obviated.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Afeed-water heater adapted for use with locomotives and other combined engines and boilers, arranged horizontally above the boiler and comprising a cylindrical feed-water-con taining vessel surrounded by an annular steam-chamber and traversed by tubes which open into a smoke-box at each end and serve to convey the Waste gases from the furnace, said annular steam-chamberbeing also traversed centrally by a pipe which forms a continuation of the exhaust-steam pipe, substantially as herein described.

2. In a locomotive or other combined en-' gine and boiler, the herein-described means for heating the feed-water and producing a draft through the furnace, samecomprising a tubulous Water-heater, arranged horizontally above the boiler and whereof the tubes communicate at one end with the forward smoke-box and at the other end with the rear smoke-box, an exhaust-steam pipe led through the forward smoke-box and centrally through the tubulous water-containin g vessel,a smokestack attached to the rear smoke-box, and means for creating a blast at the rear extremity of the exhaust-steam pipe, substantially as herein described.

3. Ina locomotive or other combined engine and boiler, the combination with a boiler B of a tubulous feed-water-containing vessel 0, asmoke-box c at the forward end of the said Vessel, a smoke-box cl at the rear end of the said vessel an exhaust-steam pipe e traversing the first smoke-box and then, centrally, the feed-Water-containing vessel, a blast-nozzle f at the rear extremity of the said pipe and a smoke-stack extending from the rear smokebox substantially as herein described and for the purposes set'forth.

4. In a locomotive or other combined engine and boiler, the combination with a boiler B of a tubulous Water-heater a, an annular steam-receiver Z surrounding the said Waterheater, a smoke-box c at one end of the heater and a smoke-box d at the other end thereof, an exhaust-steam pipe e extending through a central tubular passage in the Water-heater, andablast-nozzle f on the said exhaust-steam pipe, substantially and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a locomotive or other combined engine and boiler, the combination With a boiler B of a tubulous water-heater a, an annular steam-receiver Z surrounding the said Water heater, a smoke-box c at one end of the heater and a smoke-box d at the other end thereof, an exhaust-steam pipe 6 extending through a central tubular passage in the Water-heater, a blast-nozzle f on the said exhaust-steam pipe, a smoke-pocket'n situated above the fire box and tubes in said pocket communicating with the rear smoke-box d, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK HARVEY TREVITHIGK;

Witnesses:

F. A. Wnsr, ROBERT AITKER'.

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