US7607810B2 - Signalling light, in particular for an automobile - Google Patents

Signalling light, in particular for an automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
US7607810B2
US7607810B2 US11/231,547 US23154705A US7607810B2 US 7607810 B2 US7607810 B2 US 7607810B2 US 23154705 A US23154705 A US 23154705A US 7607810 B2 US7607810 B2 US 7607810B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
optical axis
reflector
light according
signaling light
respect
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US11/231,547
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English (en)
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US20060062010A1 (en
Inventor
Patrice Collot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Assigned to VALEO VISION reassignment VALEO VISION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COLLOT, PATRICE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/40—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the combination of reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/26—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S43/235 - F21S43/255
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/30—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by reflectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lighting and/or signalling device for a vehicle, in particular a signalling device for an automobile, of the type that comprises: a concave mirror of revolution about the optical axis having a focus on this axis; a light source disposed at the focus or in the vicinity; and a lens situated in front of the light source.
  • a signalling light of this type is known in particular from FR-A-2745365. Such a signalling light can serve to indicate a change in direction, a reversing light or any other light used on an automobile.
  • the aim of the invention is in particular to provide a signalling light of small size having a maximum light yield so that it is possible to obtain a high level of performance in a small space, with a light source of low power, having regard to thermal and service-life requirements.
  • the object of the invention is a signalling light, in particular for an automobile, comprising: a concave mirror about the optical axis and a focus on this axis; a light source disposed at the focus or in the vicinity; a lens situated in front of the light source.
  • the lens is designed to straighten up the light rays coming from the mirror and the mirror comprises a mirror that is convergent and enveloping with respect to the light source, the lens being formed by a disc made from transparent material orthogonal to the optical axis and centred on this axis, a face of the disc comprising prisms or blocks operating by refraction in order to straighten up the light rays.
  • the term “light” is used, for reasons of conciseness, to designate any lighting and/or signalling device for vehicles.
  • “converging” mirror means a mirror such that, if the straight line passing through the optical axis and the focus is considered, the rays reflected by the said mirror converge towards a point on this straight line.
  • “straightening up the light rays” means repositioning the rays in a direction close to the optical axis, or attenuating their convergence, so that, on average, in being diverted they approach an orientation parallel to the optical axis.
  • the mirror has an internal surface of revolution with a convergent meridian.
  • the meridian of the internal surface of the mirror is an arc of a curve or an arc of a conic section, the conic section having a focus merged with that of the reflector.
  • the mirror comprises a reflector with an internal surface of revolution having a meridian formed by an arc of a conic section whose geometric axis is inclined by an angle, with respect to the axis of revolution, in a direction that makes the reflector enveloping with respect to the light source, the conic section having a focus merged with that of the reflector.
  • the conic section arc is preferably an arc of a parabola.
  • the inclination of the meridian to the optical axis makes it possible to bring the reflecting surface close to the optical axis and therefore to make it more enveloping in order to capture much more light flux than with a conventional reflector of revolution.
  • the mirror generally comprises an opening in its bottom, in particular for the passage of the electrical supply for the light source; advantageously, the reflector is extended in the area of the bottom by a second reflector formed by a ring of revolution about the optical axis.
  • this ring has as its meridian an arc of a parabola whose geometric axis is merged with the optical axis.
  • the focus of the parabolic ring is preferably merged with the focus of the first reflector.
  • the intersection line between the first and second reflectors is a circle whose plane is orthogonal to the optical axis, this circle constituting the base of a cone of revolution having its vertex on the optical axis, with a half angle at the vertex equal to the angle of inclination of the geometric axis of the meridian of the first reflector, this cone passing around the globe of the light source, without interfering with it.
  • the angle of inclination of the geometric axis of the meridian of the first reflector with respect to the optical axis is preferably between 10° and 30°, especially between 15° and 25°, in particular equal to or approximately 20°.
  • the lens situated in front of the source is designed to straighten up the light rays coming from the mirror and thus form a beam in accordance with the regulatory requirements.
  • the prisms can be distributed in concentric circular rings, divided into several angular sectors, in particular symmetrical in pairs either with respect to a vertical axial plane or with respect to a horizontal axial plane.
  • the prisms are advantageously designed to straighten up the light rays more and more on moving away from the optical axis.
  • the faces of the prisms or blocks can be curved, in particular in two orthogonal directions in order to ensure vertical and horizontal diversion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic axial vertical section of a signalling light according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front view, to a larger scale, of the lens of the light in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the isolux curves, on a projection screen, produced by the mirror alone, the lens being removed.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the isolux curves of the signalling light corresponding solely to sector D 1 of the lens.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the isolux curves corresponding solely to sector D 5 of the lens.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the isolux curves resulting from the addition of sections D 1 and D 5 .
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the isolux curves corresponding to sector D 3 of the lens.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the isolux curves corresponding to sector D 7 .
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the isolux curves corresponding to the addition of sections D 3 and D 5 .
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the isolux curves corresponding to sector D 2 of the optical screen.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates the isolux curves corresponding to sector D 4 of the lens.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the isolux curves resulting from the addition of sectors D 2 and D 4 .
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 illustrate the isolux curves respectively of sectors D 6 and D 8 of the lens.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the isolux curves resulting from the addition of sectors D 2 , D 4 , D 6 and D 8 .
  • FIG. 16 illustrates the isolux curves of the signalling light according to the invention, provided with its lens.
  • a signalling light 1 for an automobile, can be seen, which comprises a concave mirror M of the paraboloid type.
  • the mirror M is of revolution about the optical axis Y-Y of the light and has a focus F on this optical axis.
  • the light source S is disposed at the focus F or in its vicinity.
  • the light source S advantageously consists of a 16 W HiPer lamp having a small globe 4 or bulb made from transparent material, in particular glass, substantially spherical, with a maximum diameter of approximately 18 mm.
  • a lamp has an axial filament 3 that passes through focus F or close to it.
  • a lamp with a transverse filament for example a white H21 lamp, in which case it will be necessary to provide a coloured screen.
  • the lens 5 can be made from transparent material.
  • the light source can also consist of one or more light emitting diodes or LEDs that illuminate laterally.
  • a lens 5 is situated in front of the light source, in the direction of propagation of the light rays.
  • the mirror M comprises a first reflector R 1 having a reflective internal surface of revolution about the optical axis Y-Y.
  • the meridian of the reflective surface of R 1 is formed by an arc of a parabola 6 a whose geometric axis Xa is inclined by an angle Ba with respect to the optical axis Y-Y (axis of revolution) in a direction that makes the reflector R 1 enveloping with respect to the light source S.
  • the intersection of the reflective surface of the reflector R 1 by the axial vertical plane also comprises another arc of a parabola 6 b symmetrical with the first with respect to the axis Y-Y.
  • the angle Ba is preferably between 15° and 25° and is in particular equal to 20°.
  • the inclination of the arcs 6 a , 6 b makes it possible to capture much more light flux than with a conventional paraboloid of revolution that would have the same maximum diameter.
  • the geometric focus of the arcs of a parabola such as 6 a , 6 b is merged with the focus F of the signalling light.
  • a light ray i 1 issuing from the focus F and directed towards the arc 6 a is reflected along the ray k 1 parallel to the geometric axis Xa of the arc 6 a.
  • a light ray i 2 issuing from F and falling on the arc 6 b is reflected along the ray k 2 parallel to the geometric axis Xb of the arc 6 b.
  • the light beam issuing from the reflector R 1 will therefore be essentially conical with its vertex situated on the optical axis Y-Y.
  • the mirror M has, in its bottom, an opening 8 for the passage of the cap of the source S and its support.
  • the mirror M comprises a second reflector R 2 formed by a parabolic ring of revolution about the optical axis Y-Y.
  • This ring has as its meridian an arc of a parabola 9 whose geometric axis is merged with the optical axis Y-Y and whose focus is merged with F.
  • the two arcs 9 of the parabolic ring R 2 situated in the vertical intersection plane of FIG. 1 belong to the same parabola, which was not the case with the arcs 6 a , 6 b.
  • connection line 10 between the first reflector R 1 and the second reflector R 2 is a circle whose plane is orthogonal to the optical axis Y-Y.
  • the diameter of this circle 10 is chosen so that the light rays i 2 issuing from the focus F and reflected by the area of the meridians 6 a , 6 b adjacent to the intersection line 10 are not intercepted by the globe 4 . A loss of light flux is thus avoided.
  • the surface of the cone is external or tangent to the globe 4 .
  • the smallest diameter of the parabolic ring 9 corresponding to the edge of the opening 8 , is chosen so that a ray such as k 4 reflected by the radially internal edge of the ring 9 remains separated from the globe 4 so as not to be intercepted.
  • the parabolic ring of revolution 9 makes it possible to obtain a parallel beam that does not converge in the lamp 2 , which avoids a loss of light flux.
  • the beam obtained by means of the reflectors R 1 and R 2 and the sources S produces a network of isolux curves, as illustrated in FIG. 3 on a projection screen situated at a given distance from the light and orthogonal to the optical axis Y-Y.
  • the graduations of the screen correspond to the angle formed between the optical axis, which cuts the screen at the centre, and a straight line passing through the focus and cutting the screen at the graduation in question. These graduations extend from ⁇ 30° to +30° both in the horizontal transverse direction and in the vertical direction.
  • the isoluxes obtained with the source S and the mirror M are formed substantially by circles centred on the optical axis Y-Y. The greatest elimination is obtained close to this axis.
  • Such a distribution of the light flux does not satisfy the regulatory requirements according to which the isoluxes must form substantially a cross spread horizontally as illustrated in FIG. 16 .
  • the lens 5 disposed in front of the source S is designed to straighten up the light rays and form a beam in accordance with the legislation according to FIG. 16 .
  • the lens 5 is formed by a disc 11 (see FIG. 2 ) made from transparent material, in particular made from plastics material or glass, orthogonal to the optical axis and centred on this axis.
  • the front face of the disc 11 comprises prisms 12 or, more generally, pads or blocks for straightening up the light rays in order to obtain the network of FIG. 16 .
  • Each prism 12 is oriented so as to give the required photometric pattern.
  • the front face of the disc 11 is divided into eleven concentric rings E 1 -E 11 with the same radial width.
  • the width of the rings will depend on the required style for the signalling light.
  • the pitch may be approximately 2.5 mm.
  • the protrusion created by the prisms or blocks 12 may be around 1 mm.
  • the disc 11 is also divided into eight angular sectors D 1 , D 2 , . . . D 8 each of 45°. Each sector is divided radially into four elementary areas of the same angular extent, which has been shown only for sector D 4 , for reasons of clarity of the drawing, but all the other sectors are divided like D 4 .
  • a prism 12 corresponds to the intersection of an elementary area and a ring.
  • the sector D 5 is symmetrical with the sector D 1 with respect to the vertical plane passing through the optical axis.
  • the sectors D 3 and D 7 are symmetrical with each other with respect to the horizontal plane passing through the optical axis.
  • the sector D 2 lies between the sectors D 1 and D 3 whilst the sector D 6 lies between the sectors D 5 and D 7 .
  • the sectors D 4 and D 8 lie respectively between the sectors D 3 , D 5 and D 1 , D 7 .
  • the prisms 12 can be straight prisms whose base (the hypotenuse of the section in a right-angled triangle) is turned towards the outside whilst being inclined to the optical axis.
  • the inclination of the base is variable, according to the distance to the optical axis, in order to modulate the straightening up of the rays reflected according to requirements.
  • the blocks are designed to take account of this parallel beam.
  • the faces of the prisms or blocks 12 can be curved in particular in two orthogonal directions in order to provide a vertical or horizontal diversion.
  • the sector D 1 of the lens 5 combined with the source S and the mirror M, gives the network of isolux curves illustrated in FIG. 4 .
  • the maximum illumination area, corresponding to the internal curve of the network, is situated in the horizontal direction substantially between ⁇ 5° and ⁇ 12° and in the vertical direction between ⁇ 3° and +30°.
  • the sector D 5 gives a substantially symmetrical configuration, illustrated in FIG. 5 , of the network of D 1 with respect to the vertical plane passing through the optical axis, with a maximum illumination area lying horizontally substantially between +5° and +12° and vertically between ⁇ 3° and +3°.
  • the sector D 3 gives the network of isoluxes illustrated in FIG. 7 with a maximum illumination area (internal curve) lying horizontally substantially between ⁇ 6° and +6° and vertically between ⁇ 12° and +5°.
  • the sector D 7 gives the network of isoluxes illustrated in FIG. 8 which is substantially symmetrical with the network of sector D 3 with respect to the horizontal plane passing through the optical axis.
  • the addition of the networks of sectors D 3 and D 7 , illustrated in FIG. 9 gives an illumination oriented principally in the vertical direction.
  • the sector D 2 gives the network of isoluxes illustrated in FIG. 10 .
  • the network has an average direction inclined by 45° from top to bottom, from right to left, and the maximum illumination area is, in the horizontal direction, substantially between ⁇ 8° and +4° and, in the vertical direction, between ⁇ 8° and +4°.
  • the sector D 4 gives a network of isoluxes illustrated in FIG. 11 practically symmetrical with the network of sector D 2 ( FIG. 12 ) with respect to the vertical plane passing through the optical axis.
  • the combination of the isolux curves produced by the sectors D 2 ( FIG. 10 ) and D 4 ( FIG. 11 ) is illustrated in FIG. 12 .
  • the maximum illumination area is horizontally substantially between ⁇ 5° and +5° and vertically substantially between ⁇ 7° and +3°.
  • the isolux curves surround this main area with two branches extending downwards on each side of the vertical plane substantially at an inclination of 45°.
  • the network of isolux curves coming from the sector D 6 is illustrated in FIG. 13 and has an average direction inclined substantially at 45° from bottom to top and from left to right.
  • the network of isolux curves of sector D 8 is substantially symmetrical with that of sector D 6 with respect to the vertical plane passing through the optical axis, as illustrated in FIG. 14 .
  • the network of isolux curves resulting from the combination of sectors D 2 ( FIG. 11 ), D 4 ( FIG. 12 ), D 6 ( FIG. 13 ) and D 8 ( FIG. 14 ) is illustrated in FIG. 15 and has an average line substantially in the form of an X centred on the optical axis, the maximum illumination being situated in the central area.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates the network of isolux curves obtained with the signalling light according to the invention equipped with the lens 5 .
  • the isolux curves are spread horizontally and close together vertically, so as to satisfy the regulatory requirements.
  • the invention applies to a signalling light in general including a main-beam headlight.
  • the lens 5 instead of being situated in a plane, may be concave towards the front in order to avoid two impingements on the same optical block or pad.
  • a major drawback does not result from this: only the photometric pattern and the network of isolux curves are slightly turned. Positive location is provided for the positioning of the lens 5 , even if a mounting defect of this lens is not very sensitive. This would not be the case for the mounting of a lens at the front of a reflector of the ellipsoidal type, very sensitive to a mounting defect of the converging lens situated at the front of the reflector.
  • the arc of a conic section constituting the meridian 6 a , 6 b of the reflector R 1 is an arc of a parabola. It would however be possible to provide another type of conic section, for example an arc of an ellipse whose focus will be situated at the point F and the other focus situated in front of the light.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
US11/231,547 2004-09-21 2005-09-20 Signalling light, in particular for an automobile Expired - Fee Related US7607810B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0409984 2004-09-21
FR0409984A FR2875578B1 (fr) 2004-09-21 2004-09-21 Feu de signalisation, en particulier pour vehicule automobile

Publications (2)

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US20060062010A1 US20060062010A1 (en) 2006-03-23
US7607810B2 true US7607810B2 (en) 2009-10-27

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US11/231,547 Expired - Fee Related US7607810B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2005-09-20 Signalling light, in particular for an automobile

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US (1) US7607810B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1637800B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE449287T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005017722D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2875578B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120236561A1 (en) * 2011-03-14 2012-09-20 Yoshiaki Nakaya Lighting unit

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009036964A1 (de) * 2007-09-17 2009-03-26 Imc Est. Beleuchtungskörper
JP5748531B2 (ja) * 2011-04-12 2015-07-15 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用灯具
TWI455838B (zh) * 2012-07-27 2014-10-11 Tyc Brother Ind Co Ltd 車用複合反射及折射多重成像裝置

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FR2141789A1 (de) 1971-06-16 1973-01-26 Grimes Manufacturing Co
US3900727A (en) * 1972-05-08 1975-08-19 Hugo Hutz Lamp with tubular bulb and reflector
US3944810A (en) * 1975-02-18 1976-03-16 General Electric Company Luminare
DE3035005A1 (de) 1980-09-17 1982-04-29 Ulo-Werk Moritz Ullmann Gmbh & Co Kg, 7340 Geislingen Leuchte, insbesondere signalleuchte fuer zweiradfahrzeuge
US4420800A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-12-13 General Electric Company Reflector lamp with shaped reflector and lens
US4494176A (en) * 1984-03-14 1985-01-15 General Electric Company Lamps having multiple and aimed parabolic sections for increased useful light output
US5003435A (en) * 1988-05-09 1991-03-26 Ichikoh Industries, Ltd. Automotive lamp assembly
US5400226A (en) * 1991-01-09 1995-03-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Headlamp for motor vehicle
US5440456A (en) * 1993-05-08 1995-08-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Headlight for vehicles
FR2745364A1 (fr) 1996-02-23 1997-08-29 Valeo Vision Feu de signalisation pour vehicule automobile, notamment feu de recul, a miroir perfectionne
FR2745365A1 (fr) 1996-02-23 1997-08-29 Valeo Vision Feu de signalisation a moyens perfectionnes d'etalement de la lumiere
US6626565B2 (en) * 2001-01-16 2003-09-30 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Vehicle headlamp

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GB9108033D0 (en) * 1991-04-16 1991-06-05 Britax Vega Ltd Vehicle lamp
DE10218662A1 (de) * 2002-04-26 2004-01-22 Hella Kg Hueck & Co. Reflektor für eine Fahrzeugheckleuchte

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FR2141789A1 (de) 1971-06-16 1973-01-26 Grimes Manufacturing Co
US3732417A (en) * 1971-06-16 1973-05-08 Grimes Manuf Co Square lite projector using prismatic lens
US3900727A (en) * 1972-05-08 1975-08-19 Hugo Hutz Lamp with tubular bulb and reflector
US3944810A (en) * 1975-02-18 1976-03-16 General Electric Company Luminare
DE3035005A1 (de) 1980-09-17 1982-04-29 Ulo-Werk Moritz Ullmann Gmbh & Co Kg, 7340 Geislingen Leuchte, insbesondere signalleuchte fuer zweiradfahrzeuge
US4420800A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-12-13 General Electric Company Reflector lamp with shaped reflector and lens
US4494176A (en) * 1984-03-14 1985-01-15 General Electric Company Lamps having multiple and aimed parabolic sections for increased useful light output
US5003435A (en) * 1988-05-09 1991-03-26 Ichikoh Industries, Ltd. Automotive lamp assembly
US5400226A (en) * 1991-01-09 1995-03-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Headlamp for motor vehicle
US5440456A (en) * 1993-05-08 1995-08-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Headlight for vehicles
FR2745364A1 (fr) 1996-02-23 1997-08-29 Valeo Vision Feu de signalisation pour vehicule automobile, notamment feu de recul, a miroir perfectionne
FR2745365A1 (fr) 1996-02-23 1997-08-29 Valeo Vision Feu de signalisation a moyens perfectionnes d'etalement de la lumiere
US5945916A (en) * 1996-02-23 1999-08-31 Valeo Vision Indicator light with improved light spreading means
US6626565B2 (en) * 2001-01-16 2003-09-30 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Vehicle headlamp

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120236561A1 (en) * 2011-03-14 2012-09-20 Yoshiaki Nakaya Lighting unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1637800A1 (de) 2006-03-22
FR2875578A1 (fr) 2006-03-24
DE602005017722D1 (de) 2009-12-31
ATE449287T1 (de) 2009-12-15
US20060062010A1 (en) 2006-03-23
EP1637800B1 (de) 2009-11-18
FR2875578B1 (fr) 2006-12-15

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