US7550049B2 - Method for under-pressure carburizing of steel workpieces - Google Patents

Method for under-pressure carburizing of steel workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
US7550049B2
US7550049B2 US10/531,477 US53147705A US7550049B2 US 7550049 B2 US7550049 B2 US 7550049B2 US 53147705 A US53147705 A US 53147705A US 7550049 B2 US7550049 B2 US 7550049B2
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Prior art keywords
carburizing
furnace chamber
temperature
pressure
active nitrogen
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US20060016525A1 (en
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Piotr Kula
Jozef Olejnik
Paul Heilman
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Politechnika Lodzka
Seco/Warwick SA
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Politechnika Lodzka
Seco/Warwick SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces

Definitions

  • the object of this invention relates to the method for carburizing of steel products, mainly parts of machines, vehicles and all types of mechanical apparatuses, in vacuum furnaces under reduced pressure and elevated temperature.
  • a method for carburizing of products made of steel in a furnace chamber is known from the U.S. Pat. No. 6,187,111.
  • vacuum in the range of 1 to 10 hPa is generated and the temperature of the carburizing process is maintained between 900° C. and 1100° C.
  • Another U.S. Pat No. 5,205,873 describes the carburizing process carried out under low pressure in a furnace chamber heated up to temperatures between 820° C. and 1100° C. This process starts in a chamber where an initial vacuum up to 10 ⁇ 1 hPa was generated to remove the air. Then, after backfill of the chamber with pure nitrogen, workpieces to be carburized are placed into it.
  • a vacuum in the range of 10 ⁇ 2 hPa is generated and the charge is heated up to the austenitizing temperature and this temperature is maintained until the temperatures across the workpiece are equalised; afterwards the furnace chamber is backfilled with hydrogen up to 500 hPa.
  • ethylene as the carbon carrier is introduced under the pressure from 10 to 100 hPa and a gas mixture consisting of hydrogen and ethylene is created, in which the ethylene content ranges from 2% to 60% of the gas mixture by volume.
  • the method for under-pressure carburizing of steel workpieces according to the present invention consists in the introduction of ammonia into a vacuum furnace chamber at the moment when the charge reaches the temperature of 400° C. and it is introduced into the vacuum furnace chamber until the charge reaches the temperature required for start of the carburizing process, which is the moment when the carbon carrier is started to be introduced.
  • the FIGURE. of the present application describes metering ammonia in the under-pressure carburization.
  • the method according to the present invention is distinguished by a possibility of an effective application of the upper range of carburizing temperatures due to restraining the growth of austenite grains as a result of initial saturation of the surface area with nitrogen, without the formation of unfavorable nitrides on the charge surface, and in consequence the process is significantly accelerated.
  • a furnace chamber of the size 200 ⁇ 200 ⁇ 400 mm was loaded with workpieces made of low carbon steel grades C15, 16CrMn5 and 17CrNiMo.
  • the total surface area of the charge was 0.4 m 2 .
  • ammonia was introduced to the furnace chamber interior with a constant flow rate of 50 l/hr.
  • the process atmosphere was maintained under a constant pressure of 5 mbar.
  • Case depth to limit structure 50% perlite + 50% Surface carbon austenite Original grain Steel grade concentration [%] [mm] size [mm] C15 0.65 0.40 ⁇ 0.005 40%-0.008 60%-0.011 l6CrMn5 0.71 0.46 ⁇ 0.005 50%-0.011 50%-0.013 l7CrNiMo 0.72 0.47 ⁇ 0.005 70%-0.011 300%-0.016
  • a furnace chamber of the size 200 ⁇ 200 ⁇ 400 mm was loaded with workpieces made of low carbon steel grades 16CrMn5 and 17CrNiMo.
  • the total surface area of the load was 0.4 m 2 .
  • ammonia was introduced to the furnace chamber interior with a constant flow rate of 50 l/hr.
  • the process atmosphere was maintained under a constant pressure of 5 mbar.
  • a furnace chamber of the size 200 ⁇ 200 ⁇ 400 mm was loaded with workpieces made of low carbon steel grades C15, 16CrMn5 and 17CrNiMo.
  • the total surface area of the load was 0.4 m 2 .
  • ammonia was introduced to the furnace chamber interior with a constant flow rate of 50 l/hr.
  • the process atmosphere was maintained under a constant pressure of 5 mbar.
  • Case depth to limit structure 50% perlite + 50% Surface carbon austenite Original grain Steel grade concentration [%] [mm] size [mm] C15 0.66 0.52 ⁇ 0.005 70%-0.011 30%-0.013 l6CrMn5 0.70 0.58 ⁇ 0.005 50%-0.013 50%-0.016 17CrNiMo 0.70 0.59 ⁇ 0.005 60%-0.013 40%-0.016

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
US10/531,477 2002-10-31 2003-07-02 Method for under-pressure carburizing of steel workpieces Expired - Lifetime US7550049B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL356921A PL204747B1 (pl) 2002-10-31 2002-10-31 Sposób nawęglania wyrobów stalowych w podciśnieniu
PL356921 2002-10-31
PCT/PL2003/000065 WO2004040033A1 (en) 2002-10-31 2003-07-02 Method for under-pressure carburizing of steel workpieces

Publications (2)

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US20060016525A1 US20060016525A1 (en) 2006-01-26
US7550049B2 true US7550049B2 (en) 2009-06-23

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US10/531,477 Expired - Lifetime US7550049B2 (en) 2002-10-31 2003-07-02 Method for under-pressure carburizing of steel workpieces

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US7550049B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1558781B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60309343T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2276161T3 (de)
PL (1) PL204747B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2004040033A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110030849A1 (en) * 2009-08-07 2011-02-10 Swagelok Company Low temperature carburization under soft vacuum
US9617632B2 (en) 2012-01-20 2017-04-11 Swagelok Company Concurrent flow of activating gas in low temperature carburization

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2429593A (en) 2005-08-26 2007-02-28 Electrosonic Ltd Data compressing using a wavelet compression scheme
FR2981947B1 (fr) * 2011-10-31 2014-01-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de carbonitruration basse pression, a plage de temperature etendue dans une phase de nitruration initiale
FR2981948B1 (fr) * 2011-10-31 2014-01-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de carbonitruration basse pression, a gradient reduit de temperature dans une phase de nitruration initiale
JP6205854B2 (ja) * 2013-03-26 2017-10-04 大同特殊鋼株式会社 真空浸炭処理方法
PL422596A1 (pl) 2017-08-21 2019-02-25 Seco/Warwick Spółka Akcyjna Sposób nawęglania podciśnieniowego (LPC) elementów wykonanych ze stopów żelaza i innych metali

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4049472A (en) 1975-12-22 1977-09-20 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Atmosphere compositions and methods of using same for surface treating ferrous metals
US4191599A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-03-04 Ford Motor Company Method of heat treating high carbon alloy steel parts to develop surface compressive residual stresses
US5205873A (en) 1990-07-02 1993-04-27 Acieries Aubert & Duval Process for the low pressure carburization of metal alloy parts
EP0545069B1 (de) 1991-12-04 1995-12-06 Leybold Durferrit GmbH Verfahren zur Behandlung von Stählen und Refraktärmetallen
US5702540A (en) 1995-03-29 1997-12-30 Jh Corporation Vacuum carburizing method and device, and carburized products
JPH11310865A (ja) 1998-02-24 1999-11-09 Nagaoka Netsuren:Kk 浸炭方法
US6187111B1 (en) 1998-03-05 2001-02-13 Nachi-Fujikoshi Corp. Vacuum carburizing method
EP1160349B1 (de) 2000-05-24 2004-08-18 Ipsen International GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4049472A (en) 1975-12-22 1977-09-20 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Atmosphere compositions and methods of using same for surface treating ferrous metals
US4191599A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-03-04 Ford Motor Company Method of heat treating high carbon alloy steel parts to develop surface compressive residual stresses
US5205873A (en) 1990-07-02 1993-04-27 Acieries Aubert & Duval Process for the low pressure carburization of metal alloy parts
EP0545069B1 (de) 1991-12-04 1995-12-06 Leybold Durferrit GmbH Verfahren zur Behandlung von Stählen und Refraktärmetallen
US5702540A (en) 1995-03-29 1997-12-30 Jh Corporation Vacuum carburizing method and device, and carburized products
JPH11310865A (ja) 1998-02-24 1999-11-09 Nagaoka Netsuren:Kk 浸炭方法
US6187111B1 (en) 1998-03-05 2001-02-13 Nachi-Fujikoshi Corp. Vacuum carburizing method
EP1160349B1 (de) 2000-05-24 2004-08-18 Ipsen International GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Altena, H;"Niederdruck-Aufkohlung Mit Hochdruck-Gasabschreckung Verfahrenstechnik und Ergebnisse," Haerterei Technische Mitteilugen, Carl Hanser Verlag. Munchen, DE, vol. 53, No. 2, pp. 93-101, (Mar. 1, 1998).

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110030849A1 (en) * 2009-08-07 2011-02-10 Swagelok Company Low temperature carburization under soft vacuum
US9212416B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2015-12-15 Swagelok Company Low temperature carburization under soft vacuum
US10156006B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2018-12-18 Swagelok Company Low temperature carburization under soft vacuum
US10934611B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2021-03-02 Swagelok Company Low temperature carburization under soft vacuum
US9617632B2 (en) 2012-01-20 2017-04-11 Swagelok Company Concurrent flow of activating gas in low temperature carburization
US10246766B2 (en) 2012-01-20 2019-04-02 Swagelok Company Concurrent flow of activating gas in low temperature carburization
US11035032B2 (en) 2012-01-20 2021-06-15 Swagelok Company Concurrent flow of activating gas in low temperature carburization

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2276161T3 (es) 2007-06-16
WO2004040033A1 (en) 2004-05-13
PL204747B1 (pl) 2010-02-26
EP1558781A1 (de) 2005-08-03
DE60309343T2 (de) 2007-05-31
EP1558781B1 (de) 2006-10-25
US20060016525A1 (en) 2006-01-26
DE60309343D1 (de) 2006-12-07
PL356921A1 (en) 2004-05-04

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