US6109779A - Continuous mixer, mixing installation having a continuous mixer and method of operating such a mixing installation - Google Patents

Continuous mixer, mixing installation having a continuous mixer and method of operating such a mixing installation Download PDF

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Publication number
US6109779A
US6109779A US09/236,456 US23645699A US6109779A US 6109779 A US6109779 A US 6109779A US 23645699 A US23645699 A US 23645699A US 6109779 A US6109779 A US 6109779A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mixer
mixing
adjustable
weight
controller
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Expired - Lifetime
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US09/236,456
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English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Weinekotter
Lukas Hiltbrunner
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Gericke AG
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Gericke AG
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Assigned to GERICKE AG reassignment GERICKE AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HILTBRUNNER, LUKAS, WEINEKOTTER, RALF
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/21—Measuring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/751—Discharging by opening a gate, e.g. using discharge paddles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mixing technology. It relates to a continous mixer, comprising an elongated mixing container, which has an inlet opening at one end for feeding in the basic components to be mixed and which encloses a mixing space, which merges at the other end into a discharge region for the delivery of the mixed product, and in which mixing container there is arranged a mixing tool, which is rotatable about an axis, is driven by a drive and mixes together the basic components fed into the inlet opening and at the same time transports them to the discharge region.
  • a mixer for the mixing of solids and solids with liquids has been produced and sold for some time by the applicant under the type designation GCM (see, for example, the applicant's brochure no. 602).
  • the invention relates to a mixing installation having a continuous mixer and to a method of operating such a mixing installation.
  • Continuous mixers of the abovementioned type are used in order to mix different solids or solids with liquids, as used, for example, in the foodstuffs, plastics, pharmaceutical and chemical industries or in construction chemistry.
  • a mixing tool rotating about an axis running in the longitudinal direction is arranged, for example, in an elongated mixing container.
  • the different basic components to be mixed are fed into the mixer through an inlet opening located at the top side.
  • the mixing tool mixes the components and transports them at the same time to the other end of the mixing container, where the mix is delivered continuously outwards in a discharge region.
  • the discharge region which is open at the bottom, directly adjoins the mixing container, which is completely open at this end face.
  • the result of this is that the mix can readily be discharged completely from the mixer.
  • the result of this is also that the number of movements of the mix, i.e. how often a certain quantity of the mix is moved by the rotating mixing tool during the retention in the mixing container, cannot be freely selected. This is because, if the rotational speed or rotational frequency of the mixing tool is increased, the number of movements of the mix per unit of time certainly increases.
  • the transport velocity of the mix from the inlet to the discharge also increases with the rotational frequency, or the dwell time of the mix in the mixer decreases, so that the total number of movements of the mix does not change at all or only changes slightly.
  • a discharge opening adjustable in size is arranged between the discharge region and the mixing space.
  • An additional degree of freedom for the setting and control of the mixing conditions is obtained in a simple manner by the adjustable discharge opening.
  • a preferred embodiment of the mixer according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that the discharge opening is adjustable during the mixing operation, that the adjustable discharge opening is formed by an adjustable diaphragm, which separates the mixing space from the discharge region, that the adjustable diaphragm comprises a fixed diaphragm part and a diaphragm part adjustable relative thereto, that the fixed diaphragm part and the adjustable diaphragm part are arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the mixing tool, that the adjustable diaphragm part, for the adjustment, is arranged so as to be rotatable about the axis, and that means which enable the adjustable diaphragm part to be adjusted from outside are provided.
  • the adjustability of the opening during the mixing operation ensures that the size of the opening and thus the filling level and the dwell time can be adapted to mixing conditions varying during the mixing and can be controlled.
  • the forming of the opening by two diaphragm parts adjustable relative to one another is mechanically simple, has low susceptibility to trouble and is easy to clean.
  • the adjustment by rotation about the mixer axis has the advantage that the adjustable opening fits readily into the axial construction of the mixer and can easily be removed together with the mixing tool for cleaning and/or maintenance purposes. Due to the adjustability from outside, the adjusting mechanism and its drive are separate from the mix, so that they cannot have an adverse effect on one another.
  • the mixing installation according to the invention having the continuous mixer according to the invention is characterized in that a controllable drive is provided for adjusting the adjustable discharge opening, and in that the installation comprises a controller, which activates the drive of the adjustable discharge opening in accordance with one or more input variables. Substantially greater flexibility in the control of the mixing conditions is thereby achieved during the operation of the mixing installation.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the mixing installation according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that the mixing tool is driven by a drive having variable rotational frequency, and that the controller controls the rotational frequency of the drive.
  • the rotational frequency and the filling ratio or dwell time being influenced simultaneously, the quality of the resulting mix can be kept constant to a considerable degree even under difficult mixing conditions, such as, for example, highly fluctuating feed conditions for the basic components.
  • the drive for the mixing tool comprises a three-phase motor with frequency converter.
  • the rotational frequency can be controlled within wide ranges in a simple and reliable manner.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the mixing installation according to the invention is characterized in that a rotational-frequency sensor for measuring the rotational frequency of the mixing tool and/or a torque sensor for measuring the torque acting on the mixing tool is provided, and in that the measured values delivered from the sensors are used as input variables for the controller.
  • the mixing operaton can be additionally stabilized by the use of the rotational frequency as control variable. If a torque sensor is used, overload states can be detected in this way and can be reduced by appropriately changing the mixing conditions: on the one hand, this serves as overload protection for the machine. On the other hand, overstressing of the mix in the machine is effectively avoided as a result.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the mixing installation according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that means for recording the weight of the mix located in the mixer are provided, that the recorded weight is used as input variable for the controller, and that the weight-recording means comprise one or more weighing cells, which are attached to a weight-recording unit and on which the mixer stands. (Indirect) measurement of the filling ratio is made possible by the weight recording, and this measurement may serve as initial information for the control of the filling ratio or the average dwell time.
  • a method according to the invention of operating a mixing installation according to the invention is characterized in that, during the start-up of the mixing installation, the adjustable opening is first of all kept completely closed, and in that, after a specified set point of one or more input variables is reached, the controller opens the adjustable opening in a controlled manner to a size suitable for the steady operation of the mixing installation.
  • Another method according to the invention of operating a mixing installation according to the invention in which the rotational frequency of the mixer is controllable, and the filling of the mixer is monitored via the recording of the weight of the mix located in the mixer, and the recorded weight is used as input variable for the controller, is characterized in that, in the event of uncontrolled addition of the basic components, the filling of the mixer is controlled by controlling the adjustable opening and the rotational frequency.
  • a further method according to the invention of operating a mixing installation according to the invention in which the rotational frequency of the mixer is controllable, and the torque at the mixing tool is recorded and/or the filling of the mixer is monitored via the recording of the weight of the mix located in the mixer, and the recorded torque or weight respectively is used as input variable for the controller, is distinguished by the fact that, to protect against overload in the event of a limit value for the torque and/or the filling being exceeded, the size of the adjustable opening and/or the rotational frequency is controlled.
  • Another method according to the invention of operating a mixing installation according to the invention in which the rotational frequency of the mixer is controllable, and the filling of the mixer is monitored via the recording of the weight of the mix located in the mixer, and the recorded weight is used as input variable for the controller, is characterized in that the rotational frequency and the filling or the filling ratio of the mixer are controlled in such a way that, even in the event of fluctuating feed conditions for the basic components, the average number of movements of the mix is constant on average.
  • FIG. 1 shows a general view in longitudinal section of a preferred exemplary embodiment for a continuous mixer according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view in axial direction of an exemplary embodiment for an adjustable opening in the form of a diaphragm having a fixed diaphragm part and an adjustable diaphragm part;
  • FIG. 3 shows the control scheme of a preferred exemplary embodiment of a mixing installation according to the invention with the mixer according to the invention.
  • the continuous mixer 10 comprises a (trough-shaped) elongated mixing container 11, which encloses a mixing space 12, in which a mixing tool 13 (known per se) is arranged and mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis 41.
  • the mixing container 11 is closed off on one side (the drive side) by an end wall 15.
  • a drive consisting of a three-phase motor 18 and a downstream spur-gear unit 40 is arranged outside the end wall 15 and drives the mixing tool 13 via a shaft 16 extending through the end wall 15.
  • the end wall 15 is sealed off in the region of the continuous shaft 16 via a shaft seal 17.
  • the mixing container 11 merges into a discharge region 22 open at the bottom.
  • the discharge region 22 in turn is closed off at the end face by a (sloping) end shield 32, which at the same time carries a flange bearing 25 for the rotatable mounting of the mixing tool 13.
  • the mixing container 11 On the underside, the mixing container 11 has a plurality of machine feet 26, 27, with which it stands on the floor. Arranged between the machine feet 26, 27 and the floor are weighing cells 28, 29, by means of which the weight of the mixer 10 (including the mix located therein) can be measured.
  • the mixing container 11 is closed on the top side and is accessible from outside only through an inlet opening 14, through which the basic components, appropriately metered (e.g. by means of differential metering balances) are poured into the mixing space.
  • the basic components are mixed with one another by the rotating mixing tool 13 and at the same time are transported in the mixing container in the axial direction from the inlet opening 14 to the discharge region 22, where they leave the mixer 10 by coming out at the bottom.
  • the mix On its way through the mixing space 12, the mix is moved repeatedly by the elements arranged on the periphery of the mixing tool 13 and rotating about the axis 41.
  • the number of these movements of the mix depends on the rotational frequency of the mixing tool 13 and on the dwell time of the mix in the mixing space 12 and is a function of the product of rotational frequency and dwell time. If the rotational frequency is increased, the transport of the mix through the mixing space accelerates at the same time, so that the dwell time decreases. The change in the number of movements of the mix is then accordingly slight, since the reduced dwell time largely compensates for the increase in movements per unit of time.
  • the dwell time should therefore be changed, for example, while the rotational frequency stays the same.
  • the adjustable discharge opening 19 is made possible by the adjustable discharge opening 19 according to the invention, this discharge opening 19 being arranged in the mixer 10 between the mixing space 12 and the discharge region 22 (FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the adjustable discharge opening 19 has the form of an adjustable diaphragm or an adjustable weir. Depending on the size of the opening, it prevents to a greater or lesser extent the discharge of the mix from the mixing space 12 into the discharge region 22 and thus leads to a more or less pronounced accumulation of the mix in the mixing space 12.
  • the filling ratio of the mixer increases; on the other hand, if the discharge opening 19 is enlarged, the filling ratio decreases. Since the dwell time of the mix in the mixing space 12 is greater at a high filling ratio than at a small filling ratio, the dwell time of the mix and thus the number of movements of the mix can be influenced by the discharge opening 19.
  • the adjustable discharge opening 19 consists of a fixed diaphragm part 20, which projects from above into the mixing space 12, and a diaphragm part 21 adjustable (rotatable) relative thereto.
  • both diaphragm parts 20, 21 are shown in the direction of the axis 41 as viewed from the drive 18, 40.
  • the adjustable discharge opening 19 is located in the bottom region of the diaphragm. In the example shown in FIG. 2, it has more than half its maximum size. If the adjustable diaphragm part 21 is rotated counterclockwise about the axis 41, the discharge opening 19 becomes smaller; if it is rotated clockwise, the discharge opening 19 becomes larger. In the example, the discharge opening can be completely closed. On the other hand, if it is partly or completely open, the mixer 10, without dismantling, can be completely emptied of the mix, since the discharge opening 19 is located in the region of the base of the mixing container 11.
  • the adjustable diaphragm part 21 is rotated from outside via an adjusting sleeve 23 arranged coaxially to the axis 41.
  • the adjustable discharge opening 19 is adjusted from outside via the adjusting sleeve 23 and an adjusting lever 24, which is designed for manual operation.
  • the full effect of the adjustable discharge opening 19 is not obtained until the size of the opening is effected via a controllable drive, which can be included in an automatic control of the mixer or mixing operation.
  • a hydraulically or electrically operable linearly acting actuating element which acts on the adjusting lever is conceivable as the drive.
  • the control scheme of a mixing installation equipped with a mixer according to FIGS. 1, 2 is shown in a preferred exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3.
  • the continuous mixer 10 which is fed via the inlet opening 14 with, for example, three basic components (in accordance with the three arrows in FIG. 3).
  • Each of the three basic components is metered via an allocated metering device 42, 43, 44, so that each component passes with a certain mass flow dm 1 /dt, dm 2 /dt and dm 3 /dt into the mixer 10.
  • the mass flows are transmitted as input variables via the signal line 45 to a controller 51, which on the output side controls the metering devices 42, 43, 44 via the control line 46.
  • the measured values of a rotational-frequency sensor 48 which measures the rotational frequency of the mixing tool
  • the measured values of a torque sensor 49 which measures the torque applied to the mixing tool
  • a further input variable of the controller 51 is the weight of the mixer 10 or of the mix, which is sensed via the weighing cells 28, 29 and processed in a weight-recording unit 50.
  • a further control possibility (not depicted in FIG. 3) consists in tilting the mixer 10 as a unit out of the horizontal position by an angle in order to increase the migration velocity of the mix in the mixing space (by lowering the discharge region) or to decrease said migration velocity (by raising the discharge region).
  • the adjustable opening 19 is first of all kept completely closed during the start-up of the mixing installation. After a specified set point of one or more of the input variables is reached, the controller 51 opens the adjustable opening 19 in a controlled manner to a size suitable for the steady operation of the mixing installation.
  • the mixer will not be in the steady state until after a time T1, i.e. the total mass flow of all the components fed in a metered manner to the mixer is equal to the mass flow which leaves the mixer.
  • T1 i.e. the total mass flow of all the components fed in a metered manner to the mixer is equal to the mass flow which leaves the mixer.
  • the weight recording permits the exact determination of the instant T1 at which the installation is in the steady state.
  • the product which leaves the mixer for example, can be removed from the process. This is of interest in particular when the following process step requires a mass flow which is constant with respect to time.
  • the filling of the mixer 10 is controlled by controlling the adjustable opening 19 and the rotational frequency of the three-phase motor 18. In this case, the filling is monitored by monitoring the weight of the mixer.
  • a further case relates to overload protection.
  • the torque at the mixing tool 13 is recorded by means of the torque sensor 49 and/or the filling of the mixer 10 is monitored via the recording of the weight of the mix located in the mixer 10, and the recorded torque or weight respectively is used as input variable for the controller 51.
  • the size of the adjustable opening 19 and the rotational frequency are controlled.
  • the rotational frequency and the filling or the filling ratio of the mixer 10 are controlled via the weight recording in such a way that, even in the event of fluctuating feed conditions for the basic components, the number of movements of the mix is constant on average.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
US09/236,456 1998-02-04 1999-01-25 Continuous mixer, mixing installation having a continuous mixer and method of operating such a mixing installation Expired - Lifetime US6109779A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH269/98 1998-02-04
CH00269/98A CH692274A5 (de) 1998-02-04 1998-02-04 Kontinuierlicher Mischer, Mischanlage mit einem kontinuierlichen Mischer sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Mischanlage.

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JP (1) JPH11314027A (de)
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005068060A1 (en) * 2004-01-02 2005-07-28 Ecolab Inc. Method and apparatus for producing a detergent stock solution for use in industrial washing machines
US20080094939A1 (en) * 2006-10-23 2008-04-24 Wenger Lavon Preconditioner having independently driven high-speed mixer shafts
US20130301375A1 (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-14 Basf Se Method for operating an apparatus with at least one rotating shaft
EP2647423A3 (de) * 2011-10-11 2014-05-07 Modern Process Equipment, Inc. Kaffeevorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verdichten von Kaffee
US20150020695A1 (en) * 2013-04-09 2015-01-22 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Tapered barrel twin shaft preconditioner
US20150273731A1 (en) * 2012-09-28 2015-10-01 List Holding Ag Method and device for implementing mechanical, chemical and/or thermal processes
EP3702023A3 (de) * 2019-02-05 2020-11-18 KNIELE GmbH Schräglagenmischer
CN113019219A (zh) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-25 安徽省寿县丰茂农产品开发有限公司 一种紫薯大米加工用混合装置
CN114405364A (zh) * 2022-01-14 2022-04-29 广东捷发农业科技有限公司 一种具有杀菌消毒作用的草香兔养殖用饲料搅拌装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000202266A (ja) * 1999-01-18 2000-07-25 Nikko Co Ltd 連続式ミキサ及びその混練方法
ATE374891T1 (de) 2005-01-06 2007-10-15 Gericke Ag Vorrichtung zum bearbeiten von schüttgütern
FR2932703B1 (fr) * 2008-06-18 2011-07-01 Rem Innovation Procede pour le recyclage et le traitement des deblais de terrassement et installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
CN105642165A (zh) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-08 徐学翠 一种碾碎搅拌装置

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GB232305A (en) * 1924-01-09 1925-04-09 William Edwin Eustace An improved device for delivering and aerating plaster of paris and like powders
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US4915506A (en) * 1987-09-10 1990-04-10 Hosokawa Micron Europe B.V. Apparatus for drying material which is mixed with a solvent
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US1500061A (en) * 1922-09-12 1924-07-01 Robinson Mfg Company Batch mixer
GB232305A (en) * 1924-01-09 1925-04-09 William Edwin Eustace An improved device for delivering and aerating plaster of paris and like powders
US3174651A (en) * 1962-07-02 1965-03-23 Gordon H Strite Apparatus for preparing animal feeds
US3419250A (en) * 1966-10-25 1968-12-31 Read Corp Continuous mixer discharge control
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005068060A1 (en) * 2004-01-02 2005-07-28 Ecolab Inc. Method and apparatus for producing a detergent stock solution for use in industrial washing machines
US20080094939A1 (en) * 2006-10-23 2008-04-24 Wenger Lavon Preconditioner having independently driven high-speed mixer shafts
US7448795B2 (en) * 2006-10-23 2008-11-11 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Preconditioner having mixer shafts independently driven with variable frequency drives
US10071347B2 (en) 2011-10-11 2018-09-11 Modern Process Equipment, Inc. Coffee densifier
US9446361B2 (en) 2011-10-11 2016-09-20 Modern Process Equipment, Inc. Method of densifying coffee
EP2647423A3 (de) * 2011-10-11 2014-05-07 Modern Process Equipment, Inc. Kaffeevorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verdichten von Kaffee
CN104271223A (zh) * 2012-05-08 2015-01-07 巴斯夫欧洲公司 用于操作具有至少一个旋转轴的装置的方法
US20130301375A1 (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-14 Basf Se Method for operating an apparatus with at least one rotating shaft
CN104271223B (zh) * 2012-05-08 2017-02-15 巴斯夫欧洲公司 用于操作具有至少一个旋转轴的装置的方法
US9415529B2 (en) * 2012-05-08 2016-08-16 Basf Se Method for operating an apparatus with at least one rotating shaft
EP2900358B1 (de) * 2012-09-28 2019-05-08 LIST Technology AG Mischkneter zur durchführung von mechanischen, chemischen und/oder thermischen prozessen
US20150273731A1 (en) * 2012-09-28 2015-10-01 List Holding Ag Method and device for implementing mechanical, chemical and/or thermal processes
US9028133B2 (en) * 2013-04-09 2015-05-12 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Tapered barrel twin shaft preconditioner
US20150020695A1 (en) * 2013-04-09 2015-01-22 Wenger Manufacturing, Inc. Tapered barrel twin shaft preconditioner
EP3702023A3 (de) * 2019-02-05 2020-11-18 KNIELE GmbH Schräglagenmischer
CN113019219A (zh) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-25 安徽省寿县丰茂农产品开发有限公司 一种紫薯大米加工用混合装置
CN114405364A (zh) * 2022-01-14 2022-04-29 广东捷发农业科技有限公司 一种具有杀菌消毒作用的草香兔养殖用饲料搅拌装置

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CH692274A5 (de) 2002-04-30
JPH11314027A (ja) 1999-11-16

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