US6087746A - Alternator with improved cooling means, especially for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Alternator with improved cooling means, especially for motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
US6087746A
US6087746A US09/097,951 US9795198A US6087746A US 6087746 A US6087746 A US 6087746A US 9795198 A US9795198 A US 9795198A US 6087746 A US6087746 A US 6087746A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
hollow housing
rotor
axis
outlet ports
air outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US09/097,951
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English (en)
Inventor
Pascal Couvert
Michel Pernin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Assigned to VALEO EQUIPEMENTS ELECTRIQUES MOTEUR reassignment VALEO EQUIPEMENTS ELECTRIQUES MOTEUR ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COUVERT, PASCAL, PERNIN, MICHEL
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/207—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • H02K1/243—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors of the claw-pole type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2205/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to casings, enclosures, supports
    • H02K2205/09—Machines characterised by drain passages or by venting, breathing or pressure compensating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general terms to the cooling of motor vehicle alternators.
  • the cooling of the various mechanical and electronic parts of an alternator is achieved with the aid of one or more ventilating fans which rotate with the rotor and which cooperate with air inlet or outlet apertures formed in the two-part casing, or housing, of the alternator.
  • These apertures, or ports are generally formed around a front first casing component or front end plate, containing the front rotor bearing and located on the same side of the alternator as the drive pulley, and the second casing component which includes the rear end plate of the casing, containing the rear rotor bearing and located on the other side of the machine.
  • the regulating and rectifying components are carried generally by the rear end plate.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the limitations of the state of the art such as mentioned above, and to provide an alternator in which a symmetrical rotor will by itself provide, by virtue of its rotation, satisfactory ventilation and cooling of the machine.
  • the present invention is based on the realisation that, by suitable design, in particular, of the geometry of the air inlet and outlet ports, it is possible, with a conventional symmetrical rotor in which the rotor winding is wound on a rotor body of the type having interleaved claws, for the rotor to produce by itself, by virtue of its rotation, a sufficient, or at least a substantial, internal air flow.
  • this air flow may reinforce the air flow produced by one or more ventilating fans.
  • the flow of air produced by the rotor is itself enough to ensure the necessary cooling of all of the components of the alternator, in which case the alternator need not have any other ventilating means such as a fan.
  • an alternator especially for a motor vehicle, of the type comprising a housing carrying a stator, and in which there is mounted for rotation a rotor having interleaved claws, the casing including cooling air inlet ports on a first side, and cooling air outlet ports on the opposite side, is characterised in that the air inlet ports are situated closer to the axis of rotation of the rotor than the air outlet ports, so that flow of air by centrifugal effect is induced by rotation of the rotor.
  • each air outlet port has a radially inner wall oriented obliquely with respect to the axis of rotation, each air outlet port having a downstream end at a greater radial distance from the said axis than its upstream end; and/or each air outlet port has a radially outer wall oriented obliquely with respect to the axis of rotation, each air outlet port having a downstream end at a greater radial distance from the said axis than its upstream end.
  • the said inner walls and outer walls of the air inlet ports have substantially the same orientation.
  • the alternator further includes a first obliquely oriented wall substantially constituting an extension of the radially inner walls of the air outlet ports, the said first oblique wall extending between a wall of the alternator housing, in which the said air outlet ports are formed, and an adjacent flank of the rotor.
  • the said first oblique wall is defined by a retaining ring for a rolling bearing arranged between a rotor shaft and the wall of the alternator housing in which the air outlet ports are formed.
  • the radially inner walls and radially outer walls of the air outlet ports are at a shorter distance and a larger distance respectively from the axis of rotation than an internal face of the stator, and the stator has a wall portion adjacent to the said air outlet ports and generally extending the radially outer walls of the air outlet ports.
  • the said wall portion of the stator consists of a rounded edge of the stator, the said rounded edge extending generally in a circle coaxial with the rotor.
  • the stator is formed by moulding in plastics material over the phase windings and a carcase of the stator, and in that the said wall portion of the stator is formed by moulding.
  • the alternator further includes a second oblique wall extending between the radially outer walls of the air inlet ports and an adjacent flank of the rotor.
  • the said second oblique wall is formed on a projecting element which is integral with the part of the alternator housing in which the air inlet ports are formed.
  • the said projecting element obturates further air passages disposed radially outside the air inlet ports.
  • the alternator being driven by a pulley
  • the air inlet ports are arranged on the opposite side of the alternator from the pulley
  • the air outlet ports are arranged on the side of the alternator adjacent to the pulley.
  • the air inlet ports are situated at a mean distance from the axis of rotation which is approximately equal to one half of the mean radius of the stator, and the air outlet ports are situated at a mean distance from the axis of rotation which is close to the mean radius of the stator.
  • the alternator has no ventilating fan.
  • the drawing consists of a single FIGURE showing an alternator in accordance with the present invention in axial cross section.
  • the drawing shows a motor vehicle alternator which includes, in a manner which is conventional per se: a front end plate 10; a rear end plate 20; a rotor 30 having a rotor shaft 40, which is itself mounted for rotation in the two end plates 10 and 20 by means of two rolling bearings 11 and 21; a pulley 41 which is fixed on the rotor shaft outside the front end plate 10 at the front end of the shaft 40; a stator 50 fixed to the rear end plate 20 so as to surround the rotor 30; and an assembly 60.
  • the assembly 60 consists of brushes, together with the rectifying and regulating components of the machine, and is mounted on the outside of the rear end plate 20.
  • the assembly 60 is protected by a hood 70.
  • the alternator does not have any ventilating fan, either internally or externally, though the invention to be described below is applicable equally to machines in which ventilating fans with rotary blades remain provided.
  • the alternator shown in the drawing is of the type having auxiliary means for cooling by liquid flow.
  • the passage 23 is adjacent to the stator and communicates with a liquid inlet connector 24 and with a liquid outlet connector not shown. It should however be noted that in no way is the invention limited to this type of alternator with auxiliary cooling by a liquid.
  • the end plates 10 and 20, including the wall 22, generally constitute the casing or housing of the alternator.
  • the rotor 30 includes, in a manner known per se, two claw-type rotor body members 31 and 32, each including a set of claws 31a and 32a respectively, which are interleaved with each other and which enclose a rotor winding 33.
  • stator 50 this is bonded on the internal surface of the generally cylindrical wall 22 of the rear end plate 20.
  • the claws 31a and 32a have on their outer faces circumferentially oriented striations, for reducing Foucault current and for reducing rises in temperature of the rotor, thereby increasing the output of the alternator.
  • the rear end plate 20 includes air inlet ports 25 for admitting cooling air, and the front end plate 10 has air outlet ports 15 for the cooling air. In the manner known per se, these ports are spaced apart at regular intervals in two crowns centred on the axis of rotation A.
  • the air inlet ports 25 lie at a mean distance R2 from the axis of rotation A. This distance R2 is shorter than the mean distance R1 between the air outlet ports 15 and the axis A.
  • the inlet ports 25 and the outlet ports 15 are of substantially the same radial dimensions. In this way, centrifugal action of the rotor is exerted on the cooling air, which is thereby caused to enter through the ports closest to the axis, and to leave through the ports furthest away from the axis.
  • the value of the radius R2 is preferably approximately equal to one half of the mean radius of the stator, while the value of the radius R1 is close to the mean radius of the stator, being preferably approximately equal to the external radius of the rotor.
  • the first of these arrangements consists in giving to the air outlet ports 15 an oblique orientation within the thickness of the wall of the front end plate 10.
  • these ports, or apertures have internal walls 15a (in the radial direction), and external walls 15b (in the radial direction), which are obliquely oriented, that is to say they are substantially frusto-conical, with a common angle of about 45° with respect to the axis A. This facilitates the flow of air by centrifugal effect.
  • edges of these walls 15a and 15b, at their transition with the inner and outer faces of the front end plate 10, are rounded, again in order to limit resistance to air flow.
  • a second arrangement complementary with the first arrangement just described, consists in extending the radially inner wall 15a of the ports 15 down to a level close to the corresponding flank of the rotor 30.
  • the retaining ring 80 for the front bearing 11 is used with advantage for this purpose, the configuration of the ring 80 being suitably modified.
  • the retaining ring 80 has an outer face 81 for blocking the bearing 11 against axial movement in the conventional way, together with an inner face 82 which extends along, and close to, the flank of the rotor 30.
  • the retaining ring 80 also has a frustoconical radially outer face 83, which lies essentially as an inward extension of the frusto-conical inner walls 15a of the air outlet ports 15, between the latter and the rotor 30.
  • the retaining ring 80 also includes a set of apertures 84 for receiving bolts for fastening it to the front bearing 10 immediately outside the rolling bearing 11 in the radial direction.
  • a third arrangement which is complementary to the first and second arrangements just described, consists in adapting the form of the stator in the region where the air outlet ports extend radially close to the latter.
  • This adaptation consists in rounding off the circular edge of the stator adjacent to the outer walls 15b of the ports 15, in such a way that there is some degree of continuity between this rounded edge and the walls 15b.
  • Such a rounded edge is indicated in the drawing by the reference numeral 51.
  • the stator is formed by encapsulation, that is to say by moulding a plastics material 54 over the carcase 52 and the phase windings 53 of the stator.
  • the frusto-conical wall 26 is generally solid, except in a limited number of locations (through which the plane of cross section in the drawing happens to pass), in which apertures 28 are formed, for receiving screw fasteners 100.
  • the fasteners 100 secure the rectifier circuit and the hood 70 of the alternator in position.
  • the frusto-conical wall 26 has the effect of preventing the formation of vortices or eddies of air, or cavitation, all of which are detrimental to proper cooling, in the quiet zone which would otherwise be defined in the annular corner region defined by the stator 50 and the radial wall of the rear end plate 20.
  • the projecting element 27 also obturates some further air passages 29 which lie radially outside the air inlet ports 25.
  • These air passages 29 are arranged, in particular, for the passage through them of electrical connections from the stator to the rectifier. These passages would however otherwise serve as additional air inlets, and would therefore attenuate the mass flow of air induced by the above mentioned centrifugal action.
  • the invention provides an alternator without any ventilating fans, in which effective ventilation is instead provided solely by the action of the rotor.
  • the rotor can of course be adapted so as to reinforce the flow of air, by suitable adjustment of the form of the gaps between adjacent claws of the rotor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
US09/097,951 1997-06-19 1998-06-16 Alternator with improved cooling means, especially for motor vehicles Expired - Lifetime US6087746A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9707640 1997-06-19
FR9707640A FR2765042B1 (fr) 1997-06-19 1997-06-19 Alternateur a moyens de refroidissement perfectionnes, notamment pour vehicule automobile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US6087746A true US6087746A (en) 2000-07-11

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Family Applications (1)

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US09/097,951 Expired - Lifetime US6087746A (en) 1997-06-19 1998-06-16 Alternator with improved cooling means, especially for motor vehicles

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6087746A (fr)
EP (1) EP0886366B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100511580B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9801999A (fr)
DE (1) DE69835123T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2268757T3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2765042B1 (fr)

Cited By (41)

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US20020185927A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-12 Yukio Chihara Motor
US6617716B2 (en) * 2000-12-14 2003-09-09 Denso Corporation Rotary electric machine having stator coolant passage means
US20030222515A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Electric rotary machine
US6664671B2 (en) * 2000-04-14 2003-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Rotating electrical machine
US20040206558A1 (en) * 2001-09-03 2004-10-21 Akira Kabasawa Wiring structure of hybrid vehicle motor
US6837322B2 (en) 2000-09-29 2005-01-04 General Electric Company Ventilation system for electric-drive vehicle
US20060027192A1 (en) * 2004-08-05 2006-02-09 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Motor cooling structure for electric vehicle
US20080168796A1 (en) * 2007-01-17 2008-07-17 Honeywell International Inc. Thermal and secondary flow management of electrically driven compressors
US20100127587A1 (en) * 2008-11-26 2010-05-27 Rui Feng Qin Electric motor
US20110012447A1 (en) * 2009-07-14 2011-01-20 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Hybrid cascading lubrication and cooling system
WO2011133498A1 (fr) * 2010-04-20 2011-10-27 Remy Technologies, Llc Alternateur à double flux d'air axial
WO2011140272A2 (fr) * 2010-05-04 2011-11-10 Remy Technologies, Llc Système et procédé de refroidissement de machine électrique
US8269383B2 (en) 2010-06-08 2012-09-18 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine cooling system and method
US20120262013A1 (en) * 2011-04-12 2012-10-18 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric Machine Module Cooling System and Method
US8395287B2 (en) 2010-10-04 2013-03-12 Remy Technologies, Llc Coolant channels for electric machine stator
US8446056B2 (en) 2010-09-29 2013-05-21 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine cooling system and method
US8456046B2 (en) 2010-06-08 2013-06-04 Remy Technologies, Llc Gravity fed oil cooling for an electric machine
US8482169B2 (en) 2010-06-14 2013-07-09 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine cooling system and method
US8492952B2 (en) 2010-10-04 2013-07-23 Remy Technologies, Llc Coolant channels for electric machine stator
US8497608B2 (en) 2011-01-28 2013-07-30 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine cooling system and method
US8508085B2 (en) 2010-10-04 2013-08-13 Remy Technologies, Llc Internal cooling of stator assembly in an electric machine
US8519581B2 (en) 2010-06-08 2013-08-27 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine cooling system and method
US8546982B2 (en) 2011-07-12 2013-10-01 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine module cooling system and method
US8593021B2 (en) 2010-10-04 2013-11-26 Remy Technologies, Llc Coolant drainage system and method for electric machines
US8614538B2 (en) 2010-06-14 2013-12-24 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine cooling system and method
US8624452B2 (en) 2011-04-18 2014-01-07 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine module cooling system and method
US8648506B2 (en) 2010-11-09 2014-02-11 Remy Technologies, Llc Rotor lamination cooling system and method
US8659190B2 (en) 2010-06-08 2014-02-25 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine cooling system and method
US8692425B2 (en) 2011-05-10 2014-04-08 Remy Technologies, Llc Cooling combinations for electric machines
US8803380B2 (en) 2011-06-03 2014-08-12 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine module cooling system and method
US8803381B2 (en) 2011-07-11 2014-08-12 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine with cooling pipe coiled around stator assembly
US8975792B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2015-03-10 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine module cooling system and method
US9041260B2 (en) 2011-07-08 2015-05-26 Remy Technologies, Llc Cooling system and method for an electronic machine
US9048710B2 (en) 2011-08-29 2015-06-02 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine module cooling system and method
US9054565B2 (en) 2010-06-04 2015-06-09 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine cooling system and method
US20150162806A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Rotary electric machine
US9099900B2 (en) 2011-12-06 2015-08-04 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine module cooling system and method
US9331543B2 (en) 2012-04-05 2016-05-03 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine module cooling system and method
US10069375B2 (en) 2012-05-02 2018-09-04 Borgwarner Inc. Electric machine module cooling system and method
US10305351B2 (en) * 2016-01-28 2019-05-28 Denso Corporation Rotating electrical machine for vehicle
US20210265901A1 (en) * 2018-10-31 2021-08-26 Huai'an Welling Motor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Transverse magnetic flux motor

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FR2869738B1 (fr) * 2005-05-09 2006-09-29 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Alternateur, notamment pour vehicule automobile

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US6664671B2 (en) * 2000-04-14 2003-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Rotating electrical machine
US6837322B2 (en) 2000-09-29 2005-01-04 General Electric Company Ventilation system for electric-drive vehicle
US6617716B2 (en) * 2000-12-14 2003-09-09 Denso Corporation Rotary electric machine having stator coolant passage means
US20020185927A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-12 Yukio Chihara Motor
US6724112B2 (en) * 2001-06-08 2004-04-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Motor
US7193344B2 (en) * 2001-09-03 2007-03-20 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Wiring structure of hybrid vehicle motor
US20040206558A1 (en) * 2001-09-03 2004-10-21 Akira Kabasawa Wiring structure of hybrid vehicle motor
US7429810B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2008-09-30 Hitachi, Ltd. Electric rotary machine
US20060138876A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2006-06-29 Hitachi, Ltd. Electric rotary machine
US20030222515A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Electric rotary machine
US7009316B2 (en) * 2002-05-31 2006-03-07 Hitachi, Ltd. Electric rotary machine
US20060027192A1 (en) * 2004-08-05 2006-02-09 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Motor cooling structure for electric vehicle
US7497288B2 (en) * 2004-08-05 2009-03-03 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Motor cooling structure for electric vehicle
US20080168796A1 (en) * 2007-01-17 2008-07-17 Honeywell International Inc. Thermal and secondary flow management of electrically driven compressors
US7633193B2 (en) * 2007-01-17 2009-12-15 Honeywell International Inc. Thermal and secondary flow management of electrically driven compressors
US8288905B2 (en) * 2008-11-26 2012-10-16 Johnson Electric S.A. Brush motor having cup shaped end cap
US20100127587A1 (en) * 2008-11-26 2010-05-27 Rui Feng Qin Electric motor
CN101741181B (zh) * 2008-11-26 2013-06-12 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 用于暖通空调领域的电机
US20110012447A1 (en) * 2009-07-14 2011-01-20 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Hybrid cascading lubrication and cooling system
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KR19990007079A (ko) 1999-01-25
DE69835123T2 (de) 2006-11-23
FR2765042B1 (fr) 1999-09-10
DE69835123D1 (de) 2006-08-17
BR9801999A (pt) 1999-11-03
EP0886366A1 (fr) 1998-12-23
ES2268757T3 (es) 2007-03-16
FR2765042A1 (fr) 1998-12-24
KR100511580B1 (ko) 2005-10-24
EP0886366B1 (fr) 2006-07-05

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