US6082117A - Pulse tube refrigerating system - Google Patents

Pulse tube refrigerating system Download PDF

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Publication number
US6082117A
US6082117A US09/263,227 US26322799A US6082117A US 6082117 A US6082117 A US 6082117A US 26322799 A US26322799 A US 26322799A US 6082117 A US6082117 A US 6082117A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pulse tube
working gas
temperature end
high temperature
cold head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US09/263,227
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English (en)
Inventor
Yoshinori Funatsu
Nobuo Okumura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aisin Corp
Original Assignee
Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aisin Seiki Co Ltd filed Critical Aisin Seiki Co Ltd
Assigned to AISIN SEIKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA reassignment AISIN SEIKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FUNATSU, YOSHINORI, OKUMURA, NOBUO
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Publication of US6082117A publication Critical patent/US6082117A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1407—Pulse-tube cycles with pulse tube having in-line geometrical arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1413—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by performance, geometry or theory
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1417—Pulse-tube cycles without any valves in gas supply and return lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1421—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by details not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1423—Pulse tubes with basic schematic including an inertance tube

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pulse tube refrigerating system, and in particular to a refrigerating system which is used, for example, to cool a super conductive filter of a mobile communication system.
  • the foregoing gas is reflected in all directions and the resultant convection of the working gas disturbs the flow of the working gas in the pulse tube, resulting in the generation of eddies of the working gas.
  • This generation brings rapid flow of the working gas toward the low temperature side of the pulse tube, thereby failing to attain the intended cooling ability.
  • the pipe is provided therein with an adjusting valve or an orifice to establish a phase difference between displacement and pressure variation of the working gas. Such a structure is cumbersome to assemble.
  • one object of the present invention is to provide a novel pulse tube refrigerating system without the foregoing drawbacks.
  • a refrigeration generation unit including a cold head with two ends, a pulse tube having a low temperature end connected to one end of the cold head, and a regenerator having a low temperature end connected to the other end of the cold head;
  • a pressure vibration source connected to a high temperature end of the regenerator and serving for vibrating a working gas in the refrigeration generation unit by expanding and compressing the working gas
  • a flow control device connected to a high temperature end of the pulse tube for establishing a phase difference between vibration and displacement of the working gas
  • said flow control device including a buffer tank, a conduit interposed between the buffer tank and the high temperature end of the pulse tube, a restrictive member placed at one of the high temperature end and the low temperature end of the pulse tube, said restrictive member being configured to restrict the working gas before the working gas enters the pulse tube and a flow adjusting member interposed between the restrictive member and the pulse tube, said flow adjusting member having a plurality of axial passages therethrough.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram which illustrates an overall structure of a pulse tube refrigerating system in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a connection of a flow adjusting member and a cold head
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the flow adjusting member of the system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 1 there is schematically illustrated an overall structure of a pulse tube refrigerator system.
  • This system includes a refrigeration generation unit 1, a compressor 2 as a pressure variation source, and a buffer tank 3.
  • the refrigeration generation unit 1 has a cold head 11 which has a cylindrical configuration.
  • a cold head 11 is constituted by bundling a plurality of copper wires.
  • the cold head 11 has axially spaced upper and lower end portions to which a pulse tube 12 and a regenerator 13 are connected, respectively.
  • the pulse tube 12, the cold head 11, and the regenerator 13 are in coaxial alignment with each other.
  • Such a coaxial arrangement while a working gas is passing through these three members, serves for decreasing a disorder of a flow of gas or an unsteady working gas flow. The less the disorder of the working gas flow, the more efficient the cooling ability.
  • the cold head 11 is provided therein with a plurality of passages 11a. Each of the passages 11a passes axially through the cold head 11. When the working gas passes through the passages 11a, a substance (not shown) mounted on the cold head 11 is set to be cooled down to a set low temperature.
  • the pulse tube 12 is formed of a hollow cylindrical member which is made of stainless steel or similar material.
  • the pulse tube 12 has a temperature distribution such that a lower end portion 12a and an upper end portion 12b of the pulse tube 12 have low and high temperatures, respectively.
  • the upper end portion 12a and the lower end portion 12b may be sometimes called a low temperature end and a high temperature end of the pulse tube 12, respectively, hereinafter.
  • the regenerator 13 is formed, as it is well known, such that a plurality of mesh plates are stacked closely in a metal cylindrical case and has an upper end portion 13a and a lower and portion 13b which acts as a low temperature end and a high temperature end, respectively.
  • the compressor 2 has a cylinder 21 in which a piston 22 is fitted.
  • a compression chamber 23 is defined between the cylinder 21 and the piston 22.
  • the compression chamber 23 is in fluid communication with the high temperature end 13b of the regenerator 13 via a narrow pipe or conduit 4.
  • the buffer tank 3 is in fluid communication with the high temperature end 12b of the pulse tube 12 via a narrow pipe 5.
  • a flow adjusting member 7 with its passages 71 will be detailed later.
  • the pulse tube 12, the compressor 2, the refrigeration generation unit 1, and the buffer tank 3 are in coaxial alignment with each other and such a coaxial arrangement, while the working gas is passing through these three members, serves for decreasing a disorder of a flow of gas into the unit 1 or an unsteady working gas flow into the unit 1.
  • a restrictive member 6 is disposed between the flow adjusting member 7 and the upper end portion 12b of the pulse tube 12 of the refrigeration generation unit 1.
  • the restrictive member 6 is formed of a plurality of mesh metal plates each of which is provided therein with axial passages therethrough. It is to be noted that, between two adjacent mesh plates, two axially adjacent passages are not necessarily in alignment with each other. Instead of plural stacked mesh plates, a sole mesh metal plate may be used.
  • the flow adjusting member 7 which is formed of a metal such as a copper, stainless steel or other metal, is interposed between the restrictive member 6 and the pulse tube 12. As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the flow adjusting member 7 is provided therein with a plurality of passages 71 which are in alignment with the plural passages 11a of the cold head 11 below the pulse tube 12. The passages 71 and the passages 11a extend in a direction Z.
  • each of the passages 71 is formed into a truncated cone configuration such that a radius of an upper end or a side of the pulse tube 12 is set to be smaller than that of a lower end or a side of the regenerator 13. It is to be noted that the dimensions of the radii of the passages 71 are identical. Any pitch between two adjacent passages 71 in a direction X is constant; any pitch between two adjacent passages 71 in a direction Y is also constant.
  • the flow adjusting member 7 is larger that the pulse tube 12 in radius.
  • the working gas in the refrigeration generation unit 1 is brought into vibration which follows a sinusoidal wave-form due to wave generation caused by a repetition of compression and expansion of the working gas.
  • the resultant working gas is also displaced due to such a pressure variation.
  • Such a working gas while reciprocating between the pulse tube 12 and the buffer tank 3, is restricted to reduce its flow quantity upon passing through the restrictive member 6, resulting in a virtual gas piston being formed in the pulse tube 12. Therefore, a phase difference is established between the pressure vibration and the displacement of the working gas.
  • the working gas absorbs heat in the neighborhood of the cold head 11, moves to the high temperature end 13b (or the high temperature end 12b), ejects the heat to the surroundings, and thereafter moves back to the low temperature end 13a of the regenerator 13 (or the low temperature end 12a of the pulse tube 12).
  • Such reciprocal movements of the working gas eject the heat in the vicinity of the cold head 11 to the surroundings at the high temperature end 13b of the regenerator 13 and the high temperature end 12b of the pulse tube 12. This ejectment results in an ultra low temperature being generated at or near the cold head 11.
  • the working gas After passing through the restrictive member 6, enters the pulse tube 12, the working gas is set to pass through the passages 71 of the flow adjusting member 7, thereby restricting a turbulence of the working gas entering the pulse tube 12 and also preventing a successive lowering of the cooling ability of the pulse tube 12.
  • the radius of the passage 71 of the flow adjusting member 7 is increased gradually towards the pulse tube 12 in a direction away from the restrictive member 6. This means that a drastic increase of the flow of the working gas is prevented as soon as the working gas enters the pulse tube 12, thereby restricting an expansion of the working gas. Thus, turbulence of the working gas and successive lowering of the cooling ability of the pulse tube 12 is avoided.
  • the passages 71 of the flow adjusting member 7 are in coincidence or alignment with the corresponding passages 11a of the cold head 11.
  • This arrangement causes the force which vibrates the working gas in the refrigeration generation unit 1 to have hardly any radial component. In other words, there is no right-angle collision of the working gas with an inner surface of the pulse tube 12, thereby ensuring minimum occurrence of turbulent flows of the working gas in the pulse tube 12.
  • the cooling ability of the refrigeration generation unit 1 is kept as high as possible.
  • phase difference can be adjusted by changing one or more of a radius of the restrictive member 6, a thickness thereof, and a radius of a wire which is the raw material for the restrictive member 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
US09/263,227 1998-03-05 1999-03-05 Pulse tube refrigerating system Expired - Fee Related US6082117A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10-053749 1998-03-05
JP10053749A JPH11248279A (ja) 1998-03-05 1998-03-05 パルス管冷凍機

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US6082117A true US6082117A (en) 2000-07-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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JP (1) JPH11248279A (ja)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6301902B1 (en) * 1999-03-30 2001-10-16 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Pulse tube refrigerator
WO2002016837A1 (en) * 2000-08-22 2002-02-28 Raytheon Company Pulse tube expander having a porous plug phase shifter
WO2002046665A1 (de) * 2000-12-09 2002-06-13 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Expander in einer pulsrohrkühlerstufe
EP1390675A1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2004-02-25 Shi Apd Cryogenics Pulse tube integral flow smoother
US20040107705A1 (en) * 2002-08-17 2004-06-10 Crowley David Michael Pulse tube refrigerator system
US20050023371A1 (en) * 2000-08-24 2005-02-03 Joshi Ashok V. Device employing gas generating cell for facilitating controlled release of fluid into ambient environment
US20050210888A1 (en) * 2004-03-26 2005-09-29 Mitchell Matthew P Cooling load enclosed in pulse tube cooler
US20060225435A1 (en) * 2005-04-11 2006-10-12 Bayram Arman Cryocooler with grooved flow straightener
US20070119191A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2007-05-31 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulse tube cryogenic cooler
US20070157632A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2007-07-12 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulse tube cryogenic cooler
US20080173026A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-07-24 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Regenerative cryocooler, cylinder used for the regenerative cryocooler, cryopump, recondensing apparatus, superconducting magnet apparatus, and semiconductor detecting apparatus
US20080257915A1 (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-10-23 Truman Wold Gas Generation Dispenser Apparatus and Method for On-Demand Fluid Delivery
US20100176214A1 (en) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-15 Joshi Ashok V Greeting card fragrance delivery system
CN102297540A (zh) * 2011-07-12 2011-12-28 浙江大学 利用汽车振动能的脉管制冷机系统
US8939435B2 (en) 2011-06-03 2015-01-27 Microlin, Llc Device for delivery of volatile liquids to gaseous environment utilizing a gas generating cell
CN104344593A (zh) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-11 住友重机械工业株式会社 制冷机
JP2015169409A (ja) * 2014-03-10 2015-09-28 住友重機械工業株式会社 ディスプレーサ
CN112867898A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2021-05-28 住友重机械工业株式会社 脉冲管制冷机及脉冲管制冷机的制造方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5931779B2 (ja) * 2013-03-05 2016-06-08 住友重機械工業株式会社 パルス管冷凍機

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3237421A (en) * 1965-02-25 1966-03-01 William E Gifford Pulse tube method of refrigeration and apparatus therefor
US3431746A (en) * 1966-02-21 1969-03-11 British Oxygen Co Ltd Pulse tube refrigeration process
JPH09119731A (ja) * 1995-10-25 1997-05-06 Idoutai Tsushin Sentan Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk パルス管冷凍機

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3237421A (en) * 1965-02-25 1966-03-01 William E Gifford Pulse tube method of refrigeration and apparatus therefor
US3431746A (en) * 1966-02-21 1969-03-11 British Oxygen Co Ltd Pulse tube refrigeration process
JPH09119731A (ja) * 1995-10-25 1997-05-06 Idoutai Tsushin Sentan Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk パルス管冷凍機

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6301902B1 (en) * 1999-03-30 2001-10-16 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Pulse tube refrigerator
WO2002016837A1 (en) * 2000-08-22 2002-02-28 Raytheon Company Pulse tube expander having a porous plug phase shifter
US6393844B1 (en) 2000-08-22 2002-05-28 Raytheon Company Pulse tube expander having a porous plug phase shifter
JP4782358B2 (ja) * 2000-08-22 2011-09-28 レイセオン カンパニー 多孔性プラグプラグ位相シフタを有するパルス管エキスパンダ
JP2004507702A (ja) * 2000-08-22 2004-03-11 レイセオン・カンパニー 多孔性プラグプラグ位相シフタを有するパルス管エキスパンダ
US20050023371A1 (en) * 2000-08-24 2005-02-03 Joshi Ashok V. Device employing gas generating cell for facilitating controlled release of fluid into ambient environment
US7614568B2 (en) 2000-08-24 2009-11-10 Microlin, Llc Device employing gas generating cell for facilitating controlled release of fluid into ambient environment
WO2002046665A1 (de) * 2000-12-09 2002-06-13 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Expander in einer pulsrohrkühlerstufe
US20030213251A1 (en) * 2000-12-09 2003-11-20 Albert Hofmann Expander in a pulsation tube cooling stage
EP1390675A4 (en) * 2001-04-20 2005-06-22 Shi Apd Cryogenics INTEGRAL FLOW COMPENSATING DEVICE WITH PULSATION TUBE
EP1390675A1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2004-02-25 Shi Apd Cryogenics Pulse tube integral flow smoother
US20040107705A1 (en) * 2002-08-17 2004-06-10 Crowley David Michael Pulse tube refrigerator system
US6996993B2 (en) * 2002-08-17 2006-02-14 Oxford Magnet Technology Ltd. Pulse tube refrigerator system
US20050210888A1 (en) * 2004-03-26 2005-09-29 Mitchell Matthew P Cooling load enclosed in pulse tube cooler
US7174721B2 (en) * 2004-03-26 2007-02-13 Mitchell Matthew P Cooling load enclosed in pulse tube cooler
US20070157632A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2007-07-12 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulse tube cryogenic cooler
US7600386B2 (en) * 2005-03-31 2009-10-13 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulse tube cryogenic cooler
US20070119191A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2007-05-31 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulse tube cryogenic cooler
US20060225435A1 (en) * 2005-04-11 2006-10-12 Bayram Arman Cryocooler with grooved flow straightener
US7234307B2 (en) * 2005-04-11 2007-06-26 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryocooler with grooved flow straightener
US20080173026A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-07-24 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Regenerative cryocooler, cylinder used for the regenerative cryocooler, cryopump, recondensing apparatus, superconducting magnet apparatus, and semiconductor detecting apparatus
US8113390B2 (en) 2007-04-18 2012-02-14 Microlin, Llc Gas generation dispenser apparatus and method for on-demand fluid delivery
US20080257915A1 (en) * 2007-04-18 2008-10-23 Truman Wold Gas Generation Dispenser Apparatus and Method for On-Demand Fluid Delivery
US8353426B2 (en) 2007-04-18 2013-01-15 Microlin, Llc. Gas generation dispenser method for on-demand fluid delivery
US20100176214A1 (en) * 2009-01-13 2010-07-15 Joshi Ashok V Greeting card fragrance delivery system
US8939435B2 (en) 2011-06-03 2015-01-27 Microlin, Llc Device for delivery of volatile liquids to gaseous environment utilizing a gas generating cell
CN102297540A (zh) * 2011-07-12 2011-12-28 浙江大学 利用汽车振动能的脉管制冷机系统
CN102297540B (zh) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-09 浙江大学 利用汽车振动能的脉管制冷机系统
CN104344593A (zh) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-11 住友重机械工业株式会社 制冷机
JP2015169409A (ja) * 2014-03-10 2015-09-28 住友重機械工業株式会社 ディスプレーサ
CN112867898A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2021-05-28 住友重机械工业株式会社 脉冲管制冷机及脉冲管制冷机的制造方法
CN112867898B (zh) * 2018-09-20 2023-01-13 住友重机械工业株式会社 脉冲管制冷机及脉冲管制冷机的制造方法

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