US5542020A - Fiber optic cable having extended contraction window and associated method and apparatus for fabricating the cable - Google Patents

Fiber optic cable having extended contraction window and associated method and apparatus for fabricating the cable Download PDF

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Publication number
US5542020A
US5542020A US08/258,532 US25853294A US5542020A US 5542020 A US5542020 A US 5542020A US 25853294 A US25853294 A US 25853294A US 5542020 A US5542020 A US 5542020A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
optic cable
fiber optic
channel
support member
central support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US08/258,532
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English (en)
Inventor
Jana Horska
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commscope Inc of North Carolina
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Commscope Inc
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Publication date
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Application filed by Commscope Inc filed Critical Commscope Inc
Priority to US08/258,532 priority Critical patent/US5542020A/en
Assigned to COMMSCOPE, INC. reassignment COMMSCOPE, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HORSKA, JANA
Priority to EP95921401A priority patent/EP0764285B1/de
Priority to PCT/US1995/006628 priority patent/WO1995034837A1/en
Priority to CA002191717A priority patent/CA2191717A1/en
Priority to AU26490/95A priority patent/AU2649095A/en
Priority to DE69506705T priority patent/DE69506705T2/de
Priority to CN95193514.3A priority patent/CN1150480A/zh
Priority to JP8502197A priority patent/JPH10503854A/ja
Priority to BR9507971A priority patent/BR9507971A/pt
Publication of US5542020A publication Critical patent/US5542020A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Assigned to COMMSCOPE PROPERTIES, LLC. reassignment COMMSCOPE PROPERTIES, LLC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COMMSCOPE, INC. OF NORTH CAROLINA
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
    • G02B6/4441—Boxes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • G02B6/4486—Protective covering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • G02B6/449—Twisting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • G02B6/449—Twisting
    • G02B6/4491—Twisting in a lobe structure

Definitions

  • the cable components such as the protective jacket, central support member and buffer tubes or slotted core, are bound together such that these cable components expand and contract in substantially equal amounts.
  • the cable components with the exception of the optical fibers, have an effective coefficient of thermal expansion, ⁇ EFF , of: ##EQU1## wherein A i is the respective cross-sectional area of each material, designated i, from which the cable is comprised; E i is the respective Young's Modulus of each material; and ⁇ i is the respective coefficient of thermal expansion of each material.
  • a fiber optic cable is preferably designed to be relatively small in transverse cross-section. Accordingly, the channels, such as buffer tubes or slots defined by a slotted core, are preferably not excessively large even though an increase of the internal diameter of the buffer tubes or the size of a slot would generally increase the elongation and contraction windows of the cable.
  • conventional fiber optic cables include a predetermined number of optical fibers. In many instances, it is not desirable to decrease the number of optical fibers within each channel even though a decrease in the number may increase both the elongation and contraction windows of the cable. Rather, it is typically desirable to include as many optical fibers as possible within each channel to maximize the fiber count per cross-sectional size of the cable and, thus, the overall optical signal transmission capacity of the cable versus cable cost.
  • the elongation window of a fiber optic cable is sufficient to permit operation of the fiber optic cable up to a predetermined maximum temperature and under a predetermined maximum tensile load.
  • the contraction window of such fiber optic cables is oftentimes insufficient. Accordingly, the optical fibers are not permitted to adequately shift radially outward relative to the channel axis and away from the central support member at low temperatures. Instead, the shifting of the optical fibers is limited such that the optical fibers are excessively bent and the attenuation of the optical signal transmission is significantly increased at such relatively low temperatures.
  • the average position offset of the optical fibers at about room temperature and the interior diameter of the buffer tubes also preferably define a spacing between the optical fibers and an adjacent interior portion of the buffer tubes. This spacing between the optical fibers and the adjacent interior portion of a buffer tube provides a predetermined elongation window for the fiber optic cable.
  • the average position offset of the optical fibers at about room temperature and the interior diameter of the buffer tubes are selected so that the optical fibers have a generally uniform attenuation and are not subjected to excessive strain up to a temperature of at least about 70° C. and as the cable is placed under a tensile load of up to 600 lbs.
  • respective channels are defined by buffer tubes that are each extruded about at least one optical fiber.
  • the extruded buffer tubes are then rapidly cooled. Due to the rapid cooling, the contraction of the buffer tubes is retarded such that the optical fibers are elastically elongated relative to the buffer tubes.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of an end portion of a fiber optic cable according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the fiber optic cable of FIG. 2 taken along lines 3--3.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the fiber optic cable of the present invention which illustrates the radially outward movement of the optical fibers during contraction of the fiber optic cable, such as at relatively low temperatures.
  • the average position offset d s of the optical fibers within a buffer tube in the direction extending generally radially inward from the buffer tube axis 18 toward the central support member 14 increases the thermal contraction window of the fiber optic cable 10 of the present invention relative to a conventional fiber optic cable in which the average position of the optical fibers extends along the channel axis, such as the buffer tube axis.
  • the thermal contraction window of the fiber optic cable 10 is increased by offsetting the average position of the optical fibers 20 radially inward from the buffer tube axis 18 toward the central support member 14 since the optical fibers are thereby provided additional space in which to shift radially outward upon contraction of the fiber optic cable, such as at relatively low temperatures.
  • the optical fibers 20 elongate and contract less than the other cable components.
  • the optical fibers 20 must shift within the stranded buffer tubes 16 to compensate for the differences in elongation and contraction of the cable.
  • fiber optic cables which include two or more layers of buffer tubes are generally high fiber count cables which include a large number of optical fibers, such as, for example, 216 optical fibers.
  • the average position offset d s of the optical fibers 20 at about room temperature and the interior diameter of the buffer tubes 16 also preferably define a spacing between the optical fibers and an adjacent interior portion of the buffer tube.
  • a predetermined elongation window is provided for the fiber optic cable 10 of the invention so that the optical fibers 20 may shift radially inward toward the central support member 14 upon elongation of the fiber optic cable 10, such as upon application of a tensile force to the cable.
  • the predetermined temperature range in which the fiber optic cable 10 of the present invention provides optical signal transmission with generally uniform attenuation is at least about -40° C. to about 70° C.
  • an optical fiber typically experiences a complete failure or loss of signal transmission when the fiber is broken, such as by excessive elongation.
  • an optical fiber experiences a sharp increase in attenuation when the fiber is bent, such as by contraction of the cable 10 such that the bend radius of the optical fiber is less than a predetermined minimum allowable bend radius for the fiber.
  • the average position offset d s of the optical fibers is preferably between 0.005 mm and 4.9 mm and, more preferably, is between 0.02 mm and 2.0 mm. More specifically, for a buffer tube 16 having an inner diameter of 2.0 mm, the average position offset d s of the optical fibers 20 is generally between about 0.08 mm and 0.4 mm.
  • the outer diameter of a buffer tube 16 having an inner diameter of 2.0 mm is preferably between 2.5 mm and 3.5 mm and, more preferably, is about 3.0 mm.
  • One embodiment of this aspect of the method for fabricating a fiber optic cable 10 in which the optical fibers 20 are shorter than the respective channels includes the step of applying tension to the optical fibers 20 during the disposing step to elastically elongate the optical fibers 20 such that the fibers are under strain or tension relative to the respective buffer tube 16 or slotted core 15".
  • the optical fibers will assume the average position offset radially inward from the channel axis to relieve the tension applied thereto.
  • the strander 44 may be designed to rotate in one direction to position the buffer tubes 16 in a helical lay pattern around the central support member 14. Alternatively, the strander 44 may periodically reverse directions of rotation to position the buffer tubes 16 in a reverse oscillating helical lay pattern around the central support member 14.
  • the apparatus 40 for fabricating the fiber optic cable 10 according to this second aspect of the method also includes tensioning means 48 for applying tension to the buffer tubes 16 while the buffer tubes 16 are positioned about the central support member 14.
  • the buffer tubes 16 are elongated such that the optical fiber 20 have an average position offset in a direction extending radially inward from the buffer tube axis 18 towards the central support member 14 at about room temperature, once the buffer tubes are positioned around the central support member.
  • the tensioning means 48 of the apparatus 40 of FIG. 11 is illustrated schematically in FIG. 12.
  • the tensioning means 48 may include control means associated with each buffer tube supply reel 46 for controlling the amount of tension under which the buffer tubes 16 are drawn from the buffer tube supply reels.
  • the apparatus 40 for fabricating the fiber optic cable 10 of the present invention preferably includes means 50 for wrapping a binder 23, such as a yarn, about the buffer tubes 16 and the central support member 14 to bind the buffer tubes to the central support member.
  • the apparatus 40 for fabricating the fiber optic cable according to the invention may also include means for applying the lengthwise extending strength means, such as a layer of aramid yarn 24, and an armor layer 26 about the plurality of buffer tubes, as known to those skilled in the art.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
US08/258,532 1994-06-10 1994-06-10 Fiber optic cable having extended contraction window and associated method and apparatus for fabricating the cable Expired - Fee Related US5542020A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/258,532 US5542020A (en) 1994-06-10 1994-06-10 Fiber optic cable having extended contraction window and associated method and apparatus for fabricating the cable
BR9507971A BR9507971A (pt) 1994-06-10 1995-05-25 Cabo de fibras óticas possuindo uma janela de contração ampliada e método do aparelho associado para fabricar o cabo
DE69506705T DE69506705T2 (de) 1994-06-10 1995-05-25 Faseroptisches kabel mit erweitertem kontraktionsbereich,verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung des kabels
PCT/US1995/006628 WO1995034837A1 (en) 1994-06-10 1995-05-25 Fiber optic cable having extended contraction window and associated method and apparatus for fabricating the cable
CA002191717A CA2191717A1 (en) 1994-06-10 1995-05-25 Fiber optic cable having extended contraction window and associated method and apparatus for fabricating the cable
AU26490/95A AU2649095A (en) 1994-06-10 1995-05-25 Fiber optic cable having extended contraction window and associated method and apparatus for fabricating the cable
EP95921401A EP0764285B1 (de) 1994-06-10 1995-05-25 Faseroptisches kabel mit erweitertem kontraktionsbereich,verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung des kabels
CN95193514.3A CN1150480A (zh) 1994-06-10 1995-05-25 有扩大的收缩窗的纤维光缆及制造该缆的方法和装置
JP8502197A JPH10503854A (ja) 1994-06-10 1995-05-25 拡大された収縮窓を有する光ファイバーケーブルおよびそのケーブルを製造する方法と装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/258,532 US5542020A (en) 1994-06-10 1994-06-10 Fiber optic cable having extended contraction window and associated method and apparatus for fabricating the cable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5542020A true US5542020A (en) 1996-07-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/258,532 Expired - Fee Related US5542020A (en) 1994-06-10 1994-06-10 Fiber optic cable having extended contraction window and associated method and apparatus for fabricating the cable

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5542020A (de)
EP (1) EP0764285B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH10503854A (de)
CN (1) CN1150480A (de)
AU (1) AU2649095A (de)
BR (1) BR9507971A (de)
CA (1) CA2191717A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69506705T2 (de)
WO (1) WO1995034837A1 (de)

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US5751879A (en) * 1995-12-28 1998-05-12 Lucent Technologies Inc. Wound optical fiber cable including robust component cable(s) and a system for manufacture of the cable
US5905834A (en) * 1997-07-21 1999-05-18 Pirelli Cable Corporation Combination loose tube optical fiber cable with reverse oscillating lay
US5982965A (en) * 1996-11-08 1999-11-09 Sat Societe Anonyme De Telecommunications Optical fiber telecommunications cable
US6052502A (en) * 1997-09-22 2000-04-18 Siecor Corporation Ribbon optical cable having improved strength
EP1014137A2 (de) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-28 Siecor Operations, LLC Lichtwellenleiterkabel mit Markierung der Umkehrungen der Wicklung
US6088499A (en) * 1997-09-30 2000-07-11 Siecor Corporation Fiber optic cable with ripcord
US6122424A (en) * 1997-09-26 2000-09-19 Siecor Corporation Fiber optic cable with flame inhibiting capability
US6169834B1 (en) 1998-05-13 2001-01-02 Alcatel Slotted composite cable having a cable housing with a tubular opening for copper pairs and a slot for an optical fiber
US6178278B1 (en) 1997-11-13 2001-01-23 Alcatel Indoor/outdoor dry optical fiber cable
US6195490B1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2001-02-27 Tsui-Tuan Wong Optical fiber tube for a decorative light
US6253012B1 (en) 1998-11-12 2001-06-26 Alcatel Cycled fiber lock for cross-functional totally dry optical fiber loose tube cable
EP1160606A2 (de) * 2000-05-23 2001-12-05 Alcatel Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines flexiblen Sclauchs aus Feststrangelementen
US6370753B1 (en) 2000-07-24 2002-04-16 Arnco Corporation Method and apparatus for wrapping and installing cable
US6501887B1 (en) 2000-08-30 2002-12-31 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic cable having water blocking and flame retardant properties
US6563991B1 (en) 2000-06-13 2003-05-13 Alcatel Optical fiber cable for easy access to ripcords and having ripcord reliability
US20030099447A1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2003-05-29 Andreas Stingl Cable containing optical transmission elements and method for the production thereof
US20030118295A1 (en) * 2001-12-26 2003-06-26 Lail Jason C. Fiber optic cable having a ripcord
US6597844B1 (en) 2000-12-29 2003-07-22 Alcatel Loose tube cable having an easily removable buffer tube binder for cable access
US6621965B2 (en) 2001-12-26 2003-09-16 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical fiber cable with controlled helix-plus-EFL values and methods therefor
FR2840999A1 (fr) * 2002-06-17 2003-12-19 Cit Alcatel Procede de realisation d'un cable de transmission optique et machine associee
US6718101B2 (en) * 2000-06-23 2004-04-06 Acome (Societe Cooperative De Travailleurs) Continuously accessible optical cable
US20040240806A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-02 Lail Jason C. Fiber optic cable having a binder
US20050094953A1 (en) * 2003-11-05 2005-05-05 Hoon-Soo Park Optical filber cable suitable for installation using an air-blown installation method
US20050213902A1 (en) * 2004-03-23 2005-09-29 Parsons Alan T Optical tube assembly having a dry insert and methods of making the same
US20060245700A1 (en) * 2003-07-17 2006-11-02 Draka Comteq B.V. Groove cable
US20090317038A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-12-24 Kachmar Wayne M Multi-fiber fiber optic cable
US20100018711A1 (en) * 2008-07-23 2010-01-28 Jody James Tear Cord For Jacketed Tube
WO2010011251A3 (en) * 2008-07-23 2010-03-18 Roy Torrance Tear cord for jacketed tube
US20100266248A1 (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-10-21 Baker Hughes Incorporated System, method and apparatus for power transmission cable with optical fiber for downhole tool in subterranean applications
US20110229097A1 (en) * 2010-03-19 2011-09-22 Reginald Roberts Optical usb cable with controlled fiber positioning
US20130188916A1 (en) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-25 Mark Alan Bradley Fiber optic cable for very-short-distance networks
US8693831B2 (en) 2011-06-10 2014-04-08 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic cables allowing fiber translation to reduce bend attenuation
US20150016790A1 (en) * 2013-07-12 2015-01-15 Corning Optical Communications LLC Fiber optic cable
US9170389B2 (en) 2012-08-28 2015-10-27 Corning Cable Systems Llc Hybrid fiber optic cable systems
US20170017004A1 (en) * 2014-03-13 2017-01-19 Afl Telecommunications Llc Cable for land based seismic array system
US20170153404A1 (en) * 2014-03-06 2017-06-01 Fujikura Ltd. Optical cable
US10613288B2 (en) 2010-10-28 2020-04-07 Corning Optical Communications LLC Fiber optic cables with extruded access features and methods of making fiber optic cables
CN113504617A (zh) * 2021-05-31 2021-10-15 江苏通鼎光电科技有限公司 一种高抗压高耐冲击性能的阻水型光缆

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JP2000098196A (ja) * 1998-09-25 2000-04-07 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 光ケーブル
CN105824087A (zh) * 2010-11-23 2016-08-03 康宁光缆系统有限责任公司 具有接入特征结构的光纤电缆
CA3178019A1 (en) 2012-05-02 2013-11-07 Afl Telecommunications Llc Round and small diameter optical cables with a ribbon-like optical fiber structure
JP2018173649A (ja) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-08 エーエフエル・テレコミュニケーションズ・エルエルシー リボン型光ファイバー構造体を有する円形で小径の光ケーブル

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DE69506705D1 (de) 1999-01-28
DE69506705T2 (de) 1999-06-24
BR9507971A (pt) 1997-08-12
CA2191717A1 (en) 1995-12-21
AU2649095A (en) 1996-01-05
EP0764285A1 (de) 1997-03-26
WO1995034837A1 (en) 1995-12-21
JPH10503854A (ja) 1998-04-07
CN1150480A (zh) 1997-05-21
EP0764285B1 (de) 1998-12-16

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