US5468933A - Rod flame glow plug having a CoFe alloy regulating coil and a housing having a fuel connection for a metering device - Google Patents

Rod flame glow plug having a CoFe alloy regulating coil and a housing having a fuel connection for a metering device Download PDF

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Publication number
US5468933A
US5468933A US08/183,341 US18334194A US5468933A US 5468933 A US5468933 A US 5468933A US 18334194 A US18334194 A US 18334194A US 5468933 A US5468933 A US 5468933A
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United States
Prior art keywords
coil
rod
glow plug
heating
plug according
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Expired - Lifetime
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US08/183,341
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English (en)
Inventor
Martin Eller
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BERU RUPRECHT GmbH and Co KG
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BERU RUPRECHT GmbH and Co KG
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Assigned to BERU RUPRECHT GMBH & CO. KG reassignment BERU RUPRECHT GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ELLER, MARTIN
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F02N19/06—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of combustion-air by flame generating means, e.g. flame glow-plugs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rod flame glow plug for preheating the intake air of an internal combustion engine with autoignition having a housing, which has a fuel connection with metering device and an electric connection, and at least one heating rod, which is placed in the housing and is formed from a glow tube in which at least one regulating coil and at least one heating coil are embedded in a filling material and are connected in series to one another and the electric connection.
  • Such a rod flame glow plug which is known, for example, from German Patent 40 07 340, is used to heat the intake air of an internal combustion engine with autoignition, for example, of a diesel engine, if starting problems in the autoignition occur because of low temperatures.
  • Rod flame glow plugs are known in configurations with one or more heating rods as well as with single or multiple coil combinations of regulating and heating coils. If a voltage is applied to such a rod flame glow plug, a current flows through the coil combination of regulating and heating coils, so that the heating coil, whose resistance value is almost independent of the temperature, glows first. By heating the regulating coil material, which has a positive resistance temperature coefficient and therefore, with increasing temperature, reduces the current by its inherent resistance, the heating coil is protected from overheating.
  • the regulating coils usually consist of pure nickel, i.e., Ni 99.9. But this material has a regulating behavior, i.e., a resistance behavior relative to the down-regulation of the current by the temperature, which results in relatively long heating-up times.
  • the flat rise of the temperature curve which is responsible for the long heating-up time to reach ignition temperature, without timing function when the generator voltage is applied, does not correspond to the requirements for a quick starting of the internal combustion engine, especially within about 15 seconds.
  • the primary object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a rod flame glow plug, of the initially-mentioned type, which has a shorter heating-up time to reach the ignition temperature and does not have to be synchronized to intercept the high voltages.
  • the regulating coil is formed of a CoFe alloy, preferably, Co8Fe or Co25Fe.
  • the resistance behavior relative to the down-regulation of the current towards the temperature is significantly higher with CoFe alloys than with nickel, and the resulting regulating factor is coupled proportionally with the temperature of the heating rod.
  • the regulating coil with a winding distance that is greater in an end area near the at least one heating coil than in other areas thereof, and by the one heating coil with a winding distance that is greater in an area of the glow rod tip than in other areas.
  • the larger winding distance of the regulating coil produces a later down-regulation of the regulating coil by heat removal, while the larger winding distance results in a better heat distribution and a better filling with insulative filling material.
  • the insulative filling material is one having high heat conduction characteristics, such as AlN, at least in proximity to the heating coil, and is formed of a material having poorer heat conduction characteristics, such as MgO, in proximity to the regulating coil. In this way, heat is quickly removed from the heating coil but heating of the regulating coil is delayed.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the heating rod in a first embodiment of the rod flame glow plug according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the heating rod in a second embodiment of the rod flame glow plug according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a temperature-time chart showing the heating-up time for an embodiment of the rod flame glow plug according to the invention with regulating coil made of CoFe and of a conventional rod flame glow plug with regulating coil made of Ni;
  • FIG. 4 is an elevational view showing the basic design of a rod flame glow plug.
  • a rod flame glow plug usually is formed of a housing 12 with a fuel connection 13 for a fuel metering device and an electric connection 14 for a power supply. Inside of the housing 12, there is a heating rod, which projects from the downstream end of housing 12 and is surrounded there by a protective tube 15, which is connected axially to the downstream end of housing 12. Inside the housing, fuel fed to fuel connection 13 is heated by the heating rod, which is supplied with current by electrical connection 14, is evaporated and finally ignited.
  • Such a rod flame glow plug is placed in the intake air current of an internal combustion engine, so that the flame resulting in this connection heats the intake air. As a result, starting of an internal combustion engine is also possible at temperatures which are so low that, with autoignition (diesel) engines, starting problems would occur.
  • a first embodiment of the inventive heating rod is comprised of a glow tube 8, which is filled with an electrically insulative filling material 10, and within which at least one regulating coil 2 and one heating coil 1 are embedded.
  • Coils 1, 2 are connected in series to one another, by being welded with one another at a weld point 5, and the electric connection, i.e., with an internal pole 9 as well as with glow tube 8 (by a welding nugget 7) serving as ground in the embodiment represented in FIG. 1.
  • the regulating coil 2 material is a CoFe alloy, preferably Co8Fe or Co25Fe, i.e., alloys containing 8 or 25% iron and the remainder cobalt.
  • the regulating coil wire changes the resistance by the temperature, the heat dissipation or heat conduction of heating coil 1 influences the regulating behavior of regulating coil 2.
  • both the distance between the individual regulating coil windings (winding distance) as well as the distance between heating and regulating coils 1, 2 are therefore decisive.
  • the gap. i.e., the distance between the windings on the ends of regulating coil 2 and heating coil 1 connected with one another thus likewise contribute to the delay of the down-regulation.
  • this construction of the heating coil 1 makes it possible to achieve a higher compression of filling material 10 by the provision of a glow rod tip portion 6 of the glow tube 8 of reduced diameter, according to the embodiment of FIG. 2.
  • This reduction of the tip portion 6 of glow tube 8 results in a compression of filling material 10 in the area of the first to third winding of heating coil 1 and thus in a compaction thereof.
  • Filling material 10, with which glow tube 8 is filled and in which regulating and heating coils 1, 2 are embedded, is formed, at least partially, i.e., at least in the area of heating coil 1, of AlN, i.e., a material with high heat conduction to provide for a quick removal of heat from heating coil 1 to the surface of glow tube 8.
  • the filling material preferably consists of MgO, i.e., a material with poorer heat conduction than AlN, which has the result that, on the one hand, the heat of heating coil 1 is quickly removed outside, while, on the other hand, the heating of regulating coil 2 by the heat of heating coil 1 is delayed.
  • the complete filling can also consist of AlN, if winding distance 4 and the winding gap between heating and regulating coils 1, 2 are suitably set to compensate for the resulting greater heat conductivity of the filling material.
  • the regulating coil consists of a CoFe alloy
  • a quicker heating-up time with simultaneous assurance against burning through is thus achieved by the strong down-regulation.
  • This effect is thus reinforced or supported in that the winding distances and the filling materials are selected in the above-indicated way.
  • the resistance behavior relative to the down-regulation of the current relative to the temperature is significantly higher with CoFe alloys than with nickel, and the resulting regulating factor is coupled proportionally with the temperature of the heating rod.
  • the heating-up times of a rod flame glow plug with a regulating coil made of a CoFe ahoy according to the invention and a regulating coil made of Ni are represented in the comparison in FIG. 3 of the related drawing, where curve A represents the inventive use of a CoFe alloy and curve B represents the conventional use of a regulating coil made of Ni.
  • the reduction produces a compression of the filling material with simultaneous compaction of the heating wire, and the compression, on the one hand, produces a better heat removal, and on the other hand, a pressing out of the oxygen, which otherwise could lead to the destruction of the coil elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
US08/183,341 1993-01-19 1994-01-19 Rod flame glow plug having a CoFe alloy regulating coil and a housing having a fuel connection for a metering device Expired - Lifetime US5468933A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4301252.3 1993-01-19
DE4301252A DE4301252A1 (de) 1993-01-19 1993-01-19 Stabflammglühkerze

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5468933A true US5468933A (en) 1995-11-21

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ID=6478456

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US08/183,341 Expired - Lifetime US5468933A (en) 1993-01-19 1994-01-19 Rod flame glow plug having a CoFe alloy regulating coil and a housing having a fuel connection for a metering device

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5468933A (de)
EP (1) EP0607592B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE155222T1 (de)
DE (2) DE4301252A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2105062T3 (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5880433A (en) * 1996-07-26 1999-03-09 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Rod-type flame glow plug
US20060006162A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2006-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Multispiral for a pre-heating pencil spark plug
WO2007000367A1 (de) * 2005-06-27 2007-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
US20100102103A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-04-29 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fuel-powered fastener driving device
JP2015152222A (ja) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-24 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP2016223651A (ja) * 2015-05-28 2016-12-28 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP2017083157A (ja) * 2015-10-30 2017-05-18 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグの製造方法及びグロープラグ
EP2105670A3 (de) * 2008-03-26 2017-11-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
EP3453963A1 (de) * 2017-09-06 2019-03-13 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glühkerze
JP2020139652A (ja) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29506974U1 (de) * 1995-04-26 1995-07-06 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh, 63450 Hanau Material für die Regelwendel einer Glühstiftkerze
DE10041289B4 (de) * 2000-08-22 2005-05-04 Beru Ag Glühkerze
DE102008015402B3 (de) * 2008-03-22 2009-10-22 Beru Ag Glühkerze

Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3035291A1 (de) * 1978-01-21 1982-04-22 Beru-Werk Albert Ruprecht Gmbh & Co Kg, 7140 Ludwigsburg Gluehkerze
US4459948A (en) * 1980-10-30 1984-07-17 Beru-Werk Albert Ruprecht Gmbh & Co., K.G. Glow plug for internal combustion engines
GB2136504A (en) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Flame glow-in plug for preheating the intake air of internal combustion engine
US4639712A (en) * 1984-10-25 1987-01-27 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Sheathed heater
JPS6237622A (ja) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-18 Nippon Denso Co Ltd デイ−ゼルエンジン用始動バ−ナ
EP0336625A2 (de) * 1988-04-06 1989-10-11 Champion Spark Plug Europe S.A. Glühkerze für Brennkraftmaschine
GB2216952A (en) * 1988-03-16 1989-10-18 Wellman Automotive Products Li Glow plugs
DE8809396U1 (de) * 1988-07-22 1989-11-16 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg Glühkerze
WO1991015717A1 (de) * 1990-03-31 1991-10-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze für brennkraftmaschinen
US5091631A (en) * 1988-07-22 1992-02-25 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Glow plug having a series connection of resistant filaments
US5093555A (en) * 1988-07-22 1992-03-03 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Glow plug having cobalt/iron alloy regulating filament
DE4029185A1 (de) * 1990-09-14 1992-03-19 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Gluehkerze
US5118921A (en) * 1990-04-16 1992-06-02 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Metallic sheath heater with improved electrical connection between coil and sheath and method of manufacture thereof
US5130517A (en) * 1990-03-08 1992-07-14 Mercedes-Benz Ag Flame-type heater plug with two control coils for an air-compression fuel-injection internal-combustion engine
US5132516A (en) * 1989-09-11 1992-07-21 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Glow plug having self-temperature control function
US5172664A (en) * 1990-05-04 1992-12-22 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co., Kg Incandescent plug
US5206483A (en) * 1991-05-30 1993-04-27 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Temperature controlled glow plug having controlled saturation and afterglow characteristics

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6019404B2 (ja) * 1980-10-22 1985-05-16 日本特殊陶業株式会社 シ−ズグロ−プラグ

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3035291A1 (de) * 1978-01-21 1982-04-22 Beru-Werk Albert Ruprecht Gmbh & Co Kg, 7140 Ludwigsburg Gluehkerze
US4459948A (en) * 1980-10-30 1984-07-17 Beru-Werk Albert Ruprecht Gmbh & Co., K.G. Glow plug for internal combustion engines
GB2136504A (en) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Flame glow-in plug for preheating the intake air of internal combustion engine
US4639712A (en) * 1984-10-25 1987-01-27 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Sheathed heater
JPS6237622A (ja) * 1985-08-07 1987-02-18 Nippon Denso Co Ltd デイ−ゼルエンジン用始動バ−ナ
GB2216952A (en) * 1988-03-16 1989-10-18 Wellman Automotive Products Li Glow plugs
US4963717A (en) * 1988-04-06 1990-10-16 Champion Spark Plug Europe S.A. Glow plug for internal combustion engine
EP0336625A2 (de) * 1988-04-06 1989-10-11 Champion Spark Plug Europe S.A. Glühkerze für Brennkraftmaschine
DE8809396U1 (de) * 1988-07-22 1989-11-16 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg Glühkerze
US5091631A (en) * 1988-07-22 1992-02-25 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Glow plug having a series connection of resistant filaments
US5093555A (en) * 1988-07-22 1992-03-03 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Glow plug having cobalt/iron alloy regulating filament
US5132516A (en) * 1989-09-11 1992-07-21 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Glow plug having self-temperature control function
US5130517A (en) * 1990-03-08 1992-07-14 Mercedes-Benz Ag Flame-type heater plug with two control coils for an air-compression fuel-injection internal-combustion engine
WO1991015717A1 (de) * 1990-03-31 1991-10-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze für brennkraftmaschinen
US5319180A (en) * 1990-03-31 1994-06-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glow plug with constant-structure cobalt-iron PTC resistor
US5118921A (en) * 1990-04-16 1992-06-02 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Metallic sheath heater with improved electrical connection between coil and sheath and method of manufacture thereof
US5172664A (en) * 1990-05-04 1992-12-22 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co., Kg Incandescent plug
DE4029185A1 (de) * 1990-09-14 1992-03-19 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Gluehkerze
US5206483A (en) * 1991-05-30 1993-04-27 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Temperature controlled glow plug having controlled saturation and afterglow characteristics

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5880433A (en) * 1996-07-26 1999-03-09 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Rod-type flame glow plug
US20060006162A1 (en) * 2002-10-19 2006-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Multispiral for a pre-heating pencil spark plug
US7161119B2 (en) * 2002-10-19 2007-01-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Multiple filament for sheathed-element glow plugs
WO2007000367A1 (de) * 2005-06-27 2007-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
EP2105670A3 (de) * 2008-03-26 2017-11-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
US20100102103A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2010-04-29 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fuel-powered fastener driving device
JP2015152222A (ja) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-24 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP2016223651A (ja) * 2015-05-28 2016-12-28 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP2017083157A (ja) * 2015-10-30 2017-05-18 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグの製造方法及びグロープラグ
EP3453963A1 (de) * 2017-09-06 2019-03-13 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glühkerze
JP2020139652A (ja) * 2019-02-27 2020-09-03 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE155222T1 (de) 1997-07-15
ES2105062T3 (es) 1997-10-16
EP0607592A3 (de) 1995-04-19
EP0607592B1 (de) 1997-07-09
EP0607592A2 (de) 1994-07-27
DE59306880D1 (de) 1997-08-14
DE4301252A1 (de) 1994-07-21

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