US5081007A - Method for processing a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material and an automatic processor therefor - Google Patents

Method for processing a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material and an automatic processor therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
US5081007A
US5081007A US07/244,374 US24437488A US5081007A US 5081007 A US5081007 A US 5081007A US 24437488 A US24437488 A US 24437488A US 5081007 A US5081007 A US 5081007A
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Prior art keywords
silver halide
processing
halide light
sensitive
photographic material
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US07/244,374
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English (en)
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Haruhiko Sakuma
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Konica Minolta Inc
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Konica Minolta Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/164—Rapid access processing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/167—X-ray

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for processing a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material which is capable of rapid processing, obtaining high-speed and high-quality images, and also relates to an automatic processor used for the method.
  • the present invention provides a method of processing a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material by a super-rapid process which has never existed before and which can obtain high-sensitivity and yet high-quality images, and an automatic developing machine which is capable of attaining this super-rapid process even with a compact size.
  • radiographic light-sensitive materials As the number of medical X-ray examinations has increased in recent years, a reduction in the exposure dose has been strongly demanded in medical circles, and by general international opinion.
  • state-of-the-art photographic technology enabling the formation of an adequately high-quality radiographic image even with a small exposure dose is essential, and for this reason, the development of photographic techniques with enhanced precision, which obtain a high-definition image with only a slight exposure dose, i.e., development of photographic techniques for an even higher photographic speed, have been required.
  • orthochromatic light-sensitive materials sensitive to the wavelength range of from 540 to 550 nm which have been achieved by orthochromatic sensitization of conventional regular-type light-sensitive materials sensitive to the wavelength region of 450 nm, or those panchromatic or infra-red sensitive photographic materials, which are sensitive to spectral region of 630 nm to 830 nm like photosensitive materials for laser printer, have come into use.
  • the light-sensitive material thus sensitized becomes so wide in the wavelength region range to which it is sensitive, and the sensitivity is so high that the exposure dose can be reduced, lessening the affect on the human body.
  • the sensitization by sensitizing dyes is a very effective sensitization means, but has problems yet to be solved: for example, the problem that sufficient sensitivity cannot be obtained, depending on the type of photographic emulsion used.
  • the quantity of silver halide photographic materials processed by every photo-finisher has been increasing year by year, resulting in a demand for a still greater increase in the speed of processing: i.e., increasing the number of photographic sheets processed within a predetermined period of time.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic processor suitably used for the method of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a method for processing a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material which comprises a step of processing an imagewise exposed silver halide light-sensitive photographic material comprising a support and a photographic component layer provided on at least one side of said support, under conditions satisfying the equation given below:
  • T is time, expressed in terms of seconds, necessary for said silver halide light-sensitive photographic material to pass through said path.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for processing a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material which comprises a step of processing an imagewise exposed silver halide light-sensitive photographic material comprising a support and a photographic component layer provided on at least one side of said support, under conditions satisfying the equation given below:
  • T is time, expressed in terms of seconds, necessary for said silver halide light-sensitive photographic material to pass through said path.
  • said photographic component layer being provided on at least one side of the support contains a hydrophilic colloid at an amount of 2.0 g to 3.8 g in terms of the coated amount per unit square meter,
  • said photographic component layer includes at least one silver halide light-sensitive emulsion layer, the total amount of silver halide contained in said at least one silver halide light-sensitive emulsion layer being less than 3.5 g in terms of the coated amount of equivalent silver per unit square meter, and
  • said photographic component layer has a melting point in water of not less than 86° C.
  • the present invention further relates to an automatic processing apparatus for developing a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material comprising
  • a transport means for conveying a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material along a path, said path including an inlet through which a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material is fed for processing, including development, and an outlet through which a processed photographic material is discharged, and length (1) between the inlet and the outlet along said path is not less than 0.7 m and not more than 3.1 m,
  • a container for storing a processing liquid provided between said inlet and said outlet along said path, and a driving means for propelling said transport means, said driving means and said transport means being so arranged as to satisfy the following equation;
  • T is time, expressed in terms of seconds, necessary for said silver halide light-sensitive photographic material to pass through said path.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are drawings showing the constructions of automatic processors that are used in the example of this invention.
  • the above length of the path (1) can easily be obtained by passing a roll film, for example, a light-sensitive material having photographic component layers on a 175 ⁇ m-thick polyethylene terephthalate support such as roll Konica X-ray Film Type-A (manufactured by Konica Corporation), through an automatic processing apparatus.
  • a roll film for example, a light-sensitive material having photographic component layers on a 175 ⁇ m-thick polyethylene terephthalate support such as roll Konica X-ray Film Type-A (manufactured by Konica Corporation), through an automatic processing apparatus.
  • T is the whole period of time required for the film to travel for processing, including the period while the film passes through a crossover section between processing baths, i.e., starting from the point where its leading edge is inserted between the juxtaposed cores of the first pair of rollers at the inlet of the automatic processor, advancing through the developing bath, crossover section, fixing bath, crossover section, washing bath, crossover section and drying section until the point where its leading edge comes out of the final rollers at the outlet of the drying section.
  • T may be said to be a quotient (sec.) obtained by dividing the whole length (in meters) of the path (1) by the line transport speed (m/sec.)].
  • the present invention is originally based on the discovery that when a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material, satisfying the above-mentioned features, is processed under the conditions as mentioned above, images with high image quality are unexpectedly found to be obtainable. This fact was unexpected because in accordance with the teaching of the prior art, although images could have been obtainable by rapid processing, it has been considered that they are not applicable to practical use because of deteriorated image quality, especially in view of inferior graininess. However, it was found by the present inventors that by setting forth 1 and T in accordance with the above-mentioned conditions, images with high image qualities having improved graininess even under rapid processing conditions could unexpectedly be obtainable.
  • the silver halide light-sensitive photographic material used in the present invention which is hereinafter referred to as ⁇ the photographic material of the invention ⁇ , is, as mentioned hereinabove, has basically no limitation in its composition or structure.
  • the present invention is advantageously applicable to a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material having the total amount of hydrophilic colloid, preferably a gelatin, contained in the photographic component layers on the same side of a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, of not less than 2.0 g/m 2 and not more than 3.8 g/m 2 .
  • the processed film shows a satisfactory graininess, but tends to be lowered in the maximum density as well as in the photographic speed, while if less than 2.0 g/m 2 , the film is prone to show conspicuous drying marks or the processed silver image becomes yellowish.
  • the total coating amount of silver halide on the side of the silver halide emulsion layer is less than 3.5 g/m 2 in terms of the amount of equivalent silver. If the coating weight of silver halide exceeds 3.5 g/m 2 , fixability of the photographic material becomes lowered.
  • the light-sensitive silver halide grains which are preferably used in the present invention, are those silver halide grains in which the average grain size in terms of the diameter of a circle equivalent in the area to the projected grain image is from 0.2 to 1.6 ⁇ m, and those having the silver iodide content of from 0.1 to 4.0 mole and the silver bromide content of not less than 96 mole % are preferred from the standpoint of the developability and sensitivity.
  • the melting point of the silver halide light-sensitive photographic material of this invention in water is preferably not less than 86° C. If it is less than 86° C. the film layer's strength in a processing solution becomes weakened, causing its hydrophilic colloid to adhere to the transport roller of the automatic processing machine, which tends to deteriorate the film transporting performance of the roller.
  • the term ⁇ melting point ⁇ herein means a value obtained by measuring a film layer in pure water having a resistivity of not less than 1 ⁇ 10 6 ⁇ cm.
  • the silver halide light-sensitive photographic material of this invention is one whose melting point can be raised to not less than 86° C. by using a gelatin hardener. If not hardened, the melting point is usually about 29° to 32° C.
  • Silver halide grains to be used in this invention are desirable to be such grains as described in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 53651/1986 and 6890/1987 (from the second line at p.24 to the fifth line at p.42) or such planar grains as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection (hereinafter referred to as Japanese Patent O.P.I. Publication) Nos. 113927/1983, 113928/1983, 105636/1984 and 147727/1985.
  • Preferable average grain size of the silver halide grains to be used for the photographic material of the invention is, generally speaking, within the range not less than 0.2 ⁇ m but not more than 2.0 ⁇ m.
  • the preferable average grain size is 0.2 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m, and in the case of tabular having the aspect ratio of not less than 5, 0.2 ⁇ m to 2.0 ⁇ m is preferable.
  • the grain is preferably a silver iodobromide containing 0.1 to 3.5 mol % of silver iodide.
  • the average grain size ( ⁇ ) is defined as the average diameter of the circles when the projected images of silver halide grains are converted into circles having equivalent areas.
  • the average grain size ( ⁇ ) is given in the following equation, where n i is number of grains and r i is the diameters of respective grains: ##EQU1##
  • a sensitizing dye during its manufacturing process of from the silver halide grain formation up to the emulsion coating.
  • the using amount of the sensitizing dye is preferably not less than 3 mg/m 2 , and more preferably from 5 to 30 mg/m 2 with respect to the coating amount on one side of the support.
  • sensitizing dye and chemical sensitization method those as described in Japanese Patent O.P.I. Publication No. 80237/1986 may be suitable.
  • the light-sensitive material to be used in this invention is allowed to contain arbitrary additives, which are described in Research Disclosure. Vol.176, No.17643 (Dec. 1978) and Vol. 187, No.18716 (Nov. 1976). Pages in these publications describing relevant contents to them are collectively listed in the following table.
  • Photographic additives of the prior art usable in preparing the emulsion for a light-sensitive material to which the invention is applied are also described in the abovementioned two Research Disclosure publications, and also listed in the same table.
  • the processing length (1) of the path of the roller transport-type automatic processor of this invention is in the range of 0.7 to 3.1, which will provide satisfactory results. If the 1 is less than 0.7, then each processing line becomes shorter, leading to the reduction in the number of rollers to be used, deterioration of the photographic speed or worsening of the transportability, while if the 1 is more than 3.1, then the transport speed increases to excess, not only tending to cause scratches on film but drastically deteriorating the durability of the automatic processor.
  • the product of the 1 0 .75 and T is not less than 50, but not more than 124, if the product of the 1 0 .75 and T is less than 50, not only does the sensitivity of film abruptly fall but, in the case of a film using a sensitizing dye in an amount of not less than 10 mg/m 2 per side of its support, the dye remains inside the film, which comes into serious question. This problem was not clear until we have found in our investigation.
  • the product of the 1 0 .75 and T is preferably not less than 76.
  • the automatic processing apparatus of the invention is one in which the above mentioned conditions can be attained therein.
  • the processing apparatus of the present invention employs a roller transport system for conveying a the photographic material of the invention.
  • the total number of all transport rollers in the automatic processor of this invention is desirable to be determined so that the value obtained by dividing the whole processing length 1 of the path of the processor by the number of the rollers is in the range of from 0.01 to 0.04. And percentages of the respective sections' processing periods of time are as follows:
  • the rollers to be used for conveying the film should preferably measure 12 to 60 mm in diameter and 30 to 110 cm in length, and may be made of any various materials, such as bakelite-types (which may contain glass powder, metal powder, plastic powder, etc.) and rubber-types (e.g., neoprene, isoprene, silicone rubber).
  • bakelite-types which may contain glass powder, metal powder, plastic powder, etc.
  • rubber-types e.g., neoprene, isoprene, silicone rubber.
  • water-repellent elastic silicone rubber or a highly water-absorbent synthetic leather product called ⁇ Kurarino ⁇ produced by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
  • the transport rollers in order to improve its traction, may have a rough surfaced, with a depth in the range of from 0.05 to 1.0 mm.
  • the water content of the film is desirably be lessened to 20 g/m 2 by the time the film arrives at the squeegee rack.
  • the use of, for example, the foregoing water-repellent roller or highly water-absorbent roller is very effective.
  • a design whereby part of the drying wind is sent as far as the squeegee roller section is also effective.
  • the distance between the drying wind outlet and film is desirably in the range of from 1 to 10 mm.
  • the temperature of the drying wind should be in the range of preferably from 35° to 55° C., and simultaneously drying by an infrared heater or microwave may also be used in combination.
  • the automatic processor of this invention when used in the foregoing method of this invention for processing a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material according to this invention, can exhibit excellent results.
  • silver iodide monodisperse grains as nuclei, containing 2.0 mol % silver iodide having an average grain size of 0.2 ⁇ m
  • silver iodobromide containing 30 mole % silver iodide was grown at pH 9.1 and pAg 7.7, and then, under the conditions of pH 8.0 and pAg 9.1, to this were added equimolar amounts of potassium bromide and silver nitrate, whereby three monodisperse emulsions having average grain sizes of 1.02 ⁇ m, 0.62 ⁇ m and 0.46 ⁇ m, respectively, each containing silver iodobromide grains with an average silver iodide content of 2.1 moles, were prepared.
  • Each emulsion had its excessive salts desalted therefrom by the normal aggregation method: that is, to the emulsion kept at 40° C. was added an aqueous solution of formalin condensate with sodium naphthalenesulfonate and magnesium sulfate to thereby make an aggregation. After removing the supernatant, to the aggregation was added pure water at a temperature of up to 40° C., and again an aqueous magnesium sulfate solution was added to repeat aggregation, and then the supernatant was removed.
  • ammonium thiocyanate in an amount of 1.9 ⁇ 10 -3 mole per mole of silver, appropriate amounts of chloroauric acid and hypo, and 800 mg per mole of silver halide of a mixture of the following spectral sensitizing dyes A and B in a ratio by weight of 25:1 to thereby perform its chemical ripening, and 15 minutes before the completion of the chemical ripening, potassium iodide was added in an amount of 200 mg per mole of silver to the grains, which were then stabilized by 3 ⁇ 10 -2 mole of 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3a,7-tetrazaindene, and the thus treated three emulsions were mixed in a ratio of 20%, 50% and 30% in order from larger to smaller grain sizes, respectively, and then the hereinafter-mentioned additives and lime-treated gelatin were added to the mixed emulsion, whereby an emulsion was prepared, which was regarded as Coating Liquid (1).
  • planar silver halide grains have an average grain diameter of 1.18 ⁇ m and a thickness of 0.11 ⁇ m, and their silver iodide content is 3.0 mole %.
  • This emulsion was desalted by a precipitation method, and then chemically sensitized by a gold-sulfur sensitization method, and after that, spectrally sensitized by adding thereto a sensitizing dye, sodium 3-[5-chloro-2-(2-[5-chloro-3-(3-sulfonate-propyl)-benzoxazolino-2-indene-methyl]-1-butene)-3-benzoxazolinopropane sulfonate in an amount of 150 mg per mole of silver halide, and further, as in the previous case, 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3a,7-tetrazaindene was added.
  • a coating liquid having the hereinafter described composition was prepared.
  • the coating was made so that the coating weight of silver halide was 1.7 g/m 2 in silver equivalent per side of the support, and that of its hydrophilic colloid was 2.0 g/m 2 in the emulsion layer, and that of gelatin in the protective layer was 1.0 g/m 2 , coated on both sides simultaneously by means of two slide-hopper-type coaters at a speed of 60 meters per minute on a 175 ⁇ m-thick polyethylene terephthalate film base subbed with a subbing liquid comprised of an aqueous copolymer-dispersed liquid, prepared by diluting a copolymer so as to be in a 10% by weight concentration, the copolymer being comprised of three different monomers: 50% by glycidyl methacrylate, 10% by weight methyl methacrylate and 40% by weight butyl methacrylate, and the coated layers were then dried in 2 minutes and 20 seconds, whereby a sample was obtained.
  • the obtained sample was placed in between leaves of a fluorescent screen (X-ray intensifying screen) KO-250 (available from Konishiroku Photo Industry Co.. Ltd.), and then exposed through a Penetrometer B-type aluminum step wedge (available from Konishiroku Medical Co., Ltd.) for 0.05 of a second to X rays from an X-ray source with a tube voltage of 130 kvp at 20 mA, and the processed in the following developer and fixer solutions for varied periods of time by means of the prototype automatic processor shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, whereby Samples 1 to 26 were prepared.
  • a fluorescent screen X-ray intensifying screen
  • KO-250 available from Konishiroku Photo Industry Co.. Ltd.
  • Penetrometer B-type aluminum step wedge available from Konishiroku Medical Co., Ltd.
  • 1 is a first pair of rollers at the light-sensitive material insertion opening
  • 2 is a final pair of rollers at the outlet of the drying section
  • 3a is a developing bath
  • 3b is a fixing bath
  • 3c is a washing bath
  • 4 is a light-sensitive material to be processed
  • 5 is a squeegee section
  • 6 is a drying section
  • 7 is an outlet for the drying air.
  • the additives that were used in preparing the silver halide emulsion coating liquid are as follows: Each amount added is shown in an amount per mole of silver halide.
  • the additives that were used in preparing the protective layer coating liquid are as follows: Each amount added is shown in an amount per liter of the coating liquid.
  • the melting points of the samples thus prepared in water were all 93° C. Evaluation of each of the samples was made after processing by the prototype automatic processors shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, which have been designed so that their processing speed is variable. The developing took plate at 35° C. and the fixing at 33° C.
  • compositions of developer and fixer solutions that were used are as follows:
  • Washing water was supplied at a temperature of 18° C. at a rate of 1.5 liters per minute to the automatic processor.
  • Evaluation of the graininess of each sample was made in the following manner: Each sample was exposed to a JIS B light source so as to have a blackened density of 1.0, and the graininess obtained after processing was visually evaluated.

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US07/244,374 1987-09-15 1988-09-14 Method for processing a silver halide light-sensitive photographic material and an automatic processor therefor Expired - Lifetime US5081007A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0639793A1 (de) * 1993-08-19 1995-02-22 Konica Corporation Verfahren zur Behandlung eines photographischen lichtempfindlichen Silberhalogenidmaterials
US5576155A (en) * 1994-10-07 1996-11-19 Sterling Diagnostic Imaging, Inc. Fast-processing photographic recording material for medical radiography

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01213642A (ja) * 1988-02-20 1989-08-28 Konica Corp ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料の処理方法
JP2613415B2 (ja) * 1988-02-20 1997-05-28 コニカ株式会社 画像形成方法
US5283161A (en) * 1990-09-12 1994-02-01 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic material and method for processing the same
US6183943B1 (en) * 1999-02-18 2001-02-06 Konica Corporation Processing method of silver halide photographic light-sensitive material

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US4861702A (en) * 1986-12-08 1989-08-29 Konica Corporation Rapidly processable silver halide photographic light-sensitive material and the processing thereof
US4897340A (en) * 1986-03-13 1990-01-30 Konica Corporation Silver halide photographic material containing a specified water content, and method of processing the same

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JPS6052415B2 (ja) * 1982-01-12 1985-11-19 コニカ株式会社 放射線用ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料

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US4897340A (en) * 1986-03-13 1990-01-30 Konica Corporation Silver halide photographic material containing a specified water content, and method of processing the same
US4861702A (en) * 1986-12-08 1989-08-29 Konica Corporation Rapidly processable silver halide photographic light-sensitive material and the processing thereof

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0639793A1 (de) * 1993-08-19 1995-02-22 Konica Corporation Verfahren zur Behandlung eines photographischen lichtempfindlichen Silberhalogenidmaterials
US5474878A (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-12-12 Konica Corporation Method for processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material
US5576155A (en) * 1994-10-07 1996-11-19 Sterling Diagnostic Imaging, Inc. Fast-processing photographic recording material for medical radiography

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EP0308212A3 (en) 1989-08-30
DE3888062T2 (de) 1994-08-11
EP0308212B1 (de) 1994-03-02
DE3888062D1 (de) 1994-04-07
EP0308212A2 (de) 1989-03-22

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