US5038833A - Fuel line for fixed-length vehicle installation - Google Patents

Fuel line for fixed-length vehicle installation Download PDF

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Publication number
US5038833A
US5038833A US07/065,082 US6508287A US5038833A US 5038833 A US5038833 A US 5038833A US 6508287 A US6508287 A US 6508287A US 5038833 A US5038833 A US 5038833A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
polyamide
alcohol
fuel line
wall
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US07/065,082
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English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Brunnnhofer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technoflow Tube Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Technoform Caprano and Brunnhofer GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technoform Caprano and Brunnhofer GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Technoform Caprano and Brunnhofer GmbH and Co KG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US5038833A publication Critical patent/US5038833A/en
Assigned to TECHNOFLOW TUBE-SYSTEMS GMBH reassignment TECHNOFLOW TUBE-SYSTEMS GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TECHNOFORM CAPRANO + BRUNNHOFER KG
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L2011/047—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with a diffusion barrier layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/1379—Contains vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit
    • Y10T428/1383—Vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit is sandwiched between layers [continuous layer]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/139—Open-ended, self-supporting conduit, cylinder, or tube-type article
    • Y10T428/1393—Multilayer [continuous layer]

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to a fuel line, especially a fixed-length fuel line for installation in an automotive vehicle and, more specifically, to a fuel line of the type in which a tube is extrusion-pressed from a synthetic resin with a polyamide wall.
  • Fuel lines composed of synthetic resin have been produced heretofore by extrusion-pressing for conducting normal gasoline or high-test or supergasoline from the gasoline tank or reservoir of the vehicle to an internal combustion engine.
  • Such lines which generally have lengths of at least several meters, must be provided with narrow tolerances for both the installation of the line in the vehicle and for the proper functioning thereof. Furthermore, it is important, once the line has been installed, that it not change materially in length during operation, either by shrinkage or elongation or as a result of the stresses to which the line may be subject in use. Shrinkage once the ends of the line are fixed, for example, can result in breakage. Elongation can cause bowing of the line where such bowing may be hazardous to continued operation because it may bring the line into proximity of a dangerous condition or result in kinking.
  • the fuel contains alcohol, i.e. is a gasohol
  • alcohol i.e. is a gasohol
  • even the conventional gas lines which normally do not undergo length changes are found to be subject to detrimental length changes such that the length may increase some 4 to 5% and some 10 to 20 cm in extreme cases.
  • metal fuel lines are subject to corrosion by alcohol-containing fuel, internally as well as subject to external corrosion, the internal corrosion apparently being a result of the strong hygroscopic character of the alcohols so that it is practically impossible to ensure that the alcohol in the fuel will not carry along at least some water.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a fuel line which overcomes the drawbacks outlined previously.
  • an extruded polyamide-wall fuel line which is lined on its side exposed to the fuel, i.e. internally, with an alcohol-blocking or barrier layer which is preferably of a polyvinyl-alcohol base and which, in turn, is lined on its side turned toward the lumen or flow cross section of the tube with a water-barrier layer of a polyamide base.
  • the polyamide wall, alcohol-barrier layer and water-barrier layer are preferably coextruded in mutually bonded relationship and the polyamide wall has a wall thickness sufficient to prevent the swelling of the water-barrier layer resulting from alcohol pickup from distorting the tube or pipe or increasing the length thereof.
  • the polyamide wall should preferably be a polyamide 11 or polyamide 12 according to German Industrial Standard (DIN) 7728 (nylon 11 or nylon 12).
  • the polyvinyl alcohol composition serving as the alcohol-barrier layer should be an extrudable polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the alcohol-barrier layer is composed of an extrudable copolymer with a sufficient proportion of polyvinyl alcohol and preferably a predominating weight proportion of polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the preferred copolymer is a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and ethylene.
  • the proper proportions for a particular fuel line can be experimentally determined with ease since the sole criteria are extrudability and alcohol-blocking capabilities. Compositions ranging from 65% weight vinyl alcohol to 35% by weight ethylene, to 95% vinyl alcohol plus 5% ethyl, have been found to be effective.
  • the preferred water-blocking layer is polyamide 11 or polyamide 12 of the German Industrial Standard (DIN) 7728 (nylon 11 or nylon 12).
  • the blocking or barrier layers having wall thicknesses each of about 10% of the thickness of the polyamide wall.
  • the wall thickness can be 0.8 mm and the thickness of each barrier-layer coated, this wall can be about 0.1 mm.
  • the fuel line of the invention can be formed as a hard polyamide structure which thus is rigid and not flexible like a hose.
  • plasticizers to the polyamide of the wall to form a flexible fuel line.
  • the wall structure should be self-supporting, i.e. noncollapsible. Imparting at least some flexibility to the fuel line facilitates its mounting.
  • the presence of the plasticizer does not alter the advantages gained with the invention, namely the elimination of length changes by the detrimental effect of alcohol contained in the fuel upon the polyamide wall so that the assembly of the invention in which the wall is lined with an alcohol barrier and advantageously also with a water barrier, as recited, is stable as to length for conducting fuel-containing gasoline even when the plasticizers are included in the polyamide of the wall and, in the appropriate case, of the water-barrier layer.
  • the invention is based upon my discovery that the length change of the fuel line witnessed with polyamide fuel lines in the past where alcohol was present in the fuel, was a result of a swelling of the polyamide wall by alcohol which diffused out of the fuel and into the wall.
  • this internal polyamide layer acts as a water-blocking or water-barrier layer and prevents the diffusion of water into the polyvinyl-alcohol layer.
  • PVA polyvinyl-alcohol
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view through a fuel line according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken along the line II--II of FIG. 1 and
  • FIG. 3 is a highly diagrammatic, partially sectioned, view of a vehicle utilizing the fuel line according to FIG. 1 and the invention.
  • the fuel line shown in the drawing at 1 is fabricated in a given length and is installed in a vehicle in a given length and maintains this length through its life, i.e. is not subject to length changes. It can be used for an automotive vehicle such as a passenger vehicle, to connect a fuel tank for gasohol with an Otto-cycle engine.
  • the fuel line 1 is fabricated by extrusion pressing and particularly by coextrusion of the two materials from respective worm presses through a common coaxial flow-die as is well known in the art.
  • the coextruded product comprises a polyamide wall 2 internally coated by an alcohol-barrier layer 3 of an extrudable PVA-based composition and which is internally coated by a water-barrier layer 4 of a polyamide base, e.g. the same polyamide composition as the wall 2.
  • the polyamide wall 2, the alcohol barrier layer 3 and the water-barrier layer 4 are mutually bonded together by the coextrusion.
  • the polyamide wall 2 has a wall thickness sufficient to prevent the swelling of the water-barrier layer 4 from causing any ultimate shape-change in the external dimensions of the line 1 and, especially in length changes thereof.
  • the outer diameter of the line 1 can be, by way of example, 8 mm and the wall thickness thereof about 1 mm.
  • the polyamide wall 2 which can be composed of nylon 11 or nylon 12, should have a thickness of 0.75 to 1.25 mm and each of the coatings 3 and 4 can have a thickness about 10% of that of the polyamide wall.
  • each of the coatings 3 and 4 has a thickness of about 0.1 mm.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a vehicle 8 wherein the fuel line 1 of the present invention has been installed. Gasoline is pumped into vehicle 8 through fuel port 12. Fuel line 1 then delivers gasoline to tank. Engine 10 is then fed with gasoline through a further line 1 running from tank 6 into the engine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
US07/065,082 1985-03-22 1987-06-19 Fuel line for fixed-length vehicle installation Expired - Lifetime US5038833A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3510395 1985-03-22
DE19853510395 DE3510395A1 (de) 1985-03-22 1985-03-22 Kraftstoffuehrende, mit vorgegebener laenge fest installierbare leitung fuer ein kraftfahrzeug

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06842545 Continuation 1986-03-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5038833A true US5038833A (en) 1991-08-13

Family

ID=6266019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/065,082 Expired - Lifetime US5038833A (en) 1985-03-22 1987-06-19 Fuel line for fixed-length vehicle installation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5038833A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS61248739A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3510395A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2579290B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1191692B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (87)

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US5279332A (en) * 1989-09-11 1994-01-18 Dayco Products, Inc. Flexible hose construction having a passage therethrough defined by at least one rib therein and method of making the same
US5284184A (en) * 1992-04-14 1994-02-08 Itt Corporation Corrugated multi-layer tubing having at least one fluoroplastic layer
US5313987A (en) * 1992-05-12 1994-05-24 Huels Aktiengesellschaft Multilayer plastic pipe comprising an outer polyamide layer and a layer of a molding formed from a mixture of thermoplastic polyester and a compound having at least two isocyanate groups
AU655352B2 (en) * 1992-02-25 1994-12-15 Elf Atochem S.A. Tube for petrol transport
US5383087A (en) * 1992-04-14 1995-01-17 Itt Corporation Multi-layer fuel and vapor tube
US5390705A (en) * 1992-01-29 1995-02-21 Technoflow Tube-Systems Gmbh Cold-resistant fuel-line hose
US5398729A (en) * 1992-08-25 1995-03-21 Cooper Tire & Rubber Company Low permeation fuel hose
US5449024A (en) * 1992-12-03 1995-09-12 Huels Aktiengesellschaft Multilayer plastic pipe
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DE3510395C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1987-11-05
IT1191692B (it) 1988-03-23
FR2579290B1 (fr) 1990-10-26
JPH0455392B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-09-03
IT8619824A0 (it) 1986-03-21
DE3510395A1 (de) 1986-09-25
FR2579290A1 (fr) 1986-09-26
IT8619824A1 (it) 1987-09-21

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