US4949622A - Fluid operable engine - Google Patents

Fluid operable engine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US4949622A
US4949622A US07/280,232 US28023288A US4949622A US 4949622 A US4949622 A US 4949622A US 28023288 A US28023288 A US 28023288A US 4949622 A US4949622 A US 4949622A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
engine
cylinder
opening
defining member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
US07/280,232
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David A. Brooks
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4949622A publication Critical patent/US4949622A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B11/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines without rotary main shaft, e.g. of free-piston type

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to a fluid operable engine. More particularly, the engine may be pneumatically or hydraulically operable. Further, the engine is of the type which provides reciprocating motion.
  • a fluid operable engine which includes
  • a cylinder defining member which has walls to define a cylinder that is closed at opposed first and second ends
  • a piston that is within the cylinder and is slidable therein, the piston having opposed first and second ends;
  • a first set of orifices comprising a first opening defined in the first end of the piston and a second opening defined in the second end of the piston;
  • a second set of orifices comprising a first aperture defined in a wall of the cylinder defining member at its first end and a second aperture defined in a wall of the cylinder defining member at its second end,
  • a cyclically operable closure means for alternately closing the orifices of a selected one of the sets of orifices
  • a communication means for establishing fluid communication through the piston between the exterior of the cylinder and the first and second openings; and a force and movement transferring means for transferring forces exerted on the piston and movement thereof relative to the cylinder defining member to the exterior of the cylinder.
  • the cylinder defining member may have first and second cylinder end walls and the apertures may be in these end walls.
  • the cylinder defining member may also have a cylindrical wall and the apertures may be in this wall close to its ends.
  • the piston may similarly have end walls in which the openings are defined.
  • the engine may be operated in either a positive supply or a negative supply manner.
  • the engine in a positive supply manner, the engine may be supplied with fluid that is at a pressure greater than ambient, and in a negative supply manner, the engine may be connected to a suction device which causes the pressure to be less than ambient.
  • a positive or a negative supply device is used to drive the engine, it can be connected to either the exterior of the cylinder defining means or to the communication means.
  • the piston divides the cylinder into a first and a second chamber.
  • the first end walls of the cylinder defining member and the piston may be adjacent one another so that the first chamber is between these walls, with the second chamber being between the second end walls. It will then be understood that the engine operates by creating a cyclic pressure differential between the two chambers which causes the piston to move back-and-forth in the cylinder.
  • the communication means may include a tube which extends from the second end wall of the piston through the second end wall of the cylinder defining member, to be slidable therethrough, in a relatively fluid tight manner.
  • a seal may be provided between the tube and the second end wall of the cylinder defining member.
  • the piston may be hollow to define an interior chamber which communicates with the interior of the tube and the openings. Instead, the piston may have suitable passages extending between the tube and the openings.
  • the force and movement transferring means may be a rigid element which is fast with and extends from the second end wall of the piston through the second end wall of the cylinder defining member to be slidable therein in a relatively fluid tight manner.
  • the tube may be sufficiently strong and rigid to perform this function.
  • the openings will be smaller than the apertures or vice-versa depending on whether the engine is being operated in a positive or negative supply manner, and whether the source of power is connected to the outside of the cylinder defining member or to the communication means.
  • closure means may close the openings from inside the piston or from outside; or close the apertures from within the cylinder or from without.
  • closure means may comprise one closure member or two.
  • The, or each, closure member may be displaced into and out of closing engagement with an opening or aperture by fluid forces, by a mechanical arrangement or in any other suitable manner.
  • a side seal may be provided between the piston and cylinder cylindrical walls.
  • An end seal may also be provided between the first piston and cylinder end walls and between the second piston and cylinder end walls. These seals may be flexible and frusto-conical so that a closed space is formed which decreases in volume, as the piston approaches each end of the cylinder, which communicates with the appropriate opening.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of an engine in accordance with the invention, that operates in a positive supply manner;
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a variation of the closure means of the engine of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically a further embodiment of an engine in accordance with the invention, that operates in a negative supply manner
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinally sectioned view of a further embodiment of an engine in accordance with the invention, that is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 shows a variation of the engine shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic sectioned view of a still further embodiment of an engine in accordance with the invention.
  • a hollow piston 26 is located within the cylinder and is slidable therein.
  • the piston 26 also comprises a cylindrical wall 28 and first and second end walls 30 and 32 to define an interior chamber 33.
  • a first opening 34 is defined in the end wall 30 and a second opening 36 is defined in the end wall 32.
  • a ball 38 is within the piston and it closes either the opening 34 or the opening 36, seats 40 and 42 being provided to promote sealing.
  • "0"-ring seals 44 which are the same size as the ridges 24, are mounted on the outer surfaces of the end walls 30 and 32, in alignment with the ridges 24, to be engageable therewith. It will be noted that the openings 34 and 36 are surrounded by the seals 44. It will further be noted that the apertures 20 and 22 are substantially smaller than the openings 34 and 36.
  • the engine 10 has a rigid tube 46 which is fast at one end with the end wall 32, so that the interior of the tube 46 is in communication with the interior chamber 33 of the piston 26 and is slidable therewith.
  • the tube 46 passes through a hole in the end wall 22 with a seal 48 being provided.
  • piston 26 divides the interior of the cylinder into two variable volume chambers 50 and 52.
  • water under pressure is supplied to the engine 10 from a suitable source, which is connected to the free end of the tube 46.
  • the water flows through the tube 46 into the piston 26 and out through one of the apertures 34 or 36.
  • the ball 38 will close one of the apertures 34 or 36.
  • water will exit through the aperture 34 into the chamber 50.
  • Some of the water will exit through the opening 20.
  • the pressure of the water in the chamber 50 will be greater than the pressure in the chamber 52 and accordingly the piston 26 will be displaced from left to right.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawings a part of a further embodiment 54 of the engine is shown.
  • the embodiment 54 is similar to the embodiment 10 shown in FIG. 1, except that a mechanically operable closure means is provided for closing either the opening 34 or the opening 36.
  • This embodiment 54 is otherwise numbered in a similar manner to the embodiment 10.
  • this embodiment 54 has a valve member 56 which is located within the piston 26.
  • the valve member 56 has a stem 58 with spaced stoppers 60 and 62. When the stopper 60 is in engagement about the opening 34 to close it, the stopper 62 is spaced from the opening 36 so that fluid can flow therethrough, and vice versa.
  • a first lever arm 64 is pivotally mounted at one end to a post 66 and its other free end 68 is engageable with the stoppers 60 and 62 to displace them into engagement with the end walls 30 and 32 respectively to close the openings 34 and 36 respectively.
  • a second lever arm 70 is also pivotally mounted at one end to the post 66. Its other end 72 is located between two rings 74 that are fast with a plunger 76 that projects through both the end walls 30 and 32. The free ends of the lever arms 64 and 72 are connected by means of a spring 78. With the arrangement as shown in FIG. 2, if the piston 26 is moving towards the end wall 16, ie.
  • the plunger 76 will engage the end wall 16 and be displaced downwardly, with reference to FIG. 2. This will cause pivoting of the lever arm 70 and, when the spring 78 moves past the pivotal axis of the arms 64 and 70, the arm 64 will be caused to pivot, thereby displacing the valve member 56 so that the opening 36 is closed.
  • the plunger 76 will now project from the end wall 32 so that when the end wall 18 (not shown in FIG. 2) is reached the plunger 76 will be displaced in the opposite direction, causing pivoting of the lever arm 64 back to the position shown in FIG. 2 so that the opening 34 is closed.
  • FIG. 3 a further embodiment of an engine in accordance with the invention is designated generally by the reference numeral 80.
  • This embodiment 80 is similar to the embodiment 10 of FIG. 1 and is similarly referenced. However, this embodiment 80 operates in a negative pressure manner so that it has a valve member 82 with a stem 84 carrying two opposed stoppers 86 and 88 that are outside the piston 26 and the piston has passageways such as passage 87. It will be appreciated, that if the valve member 82 is in the position shown in FIG. 3, and suction is applied to the free end of the tube 46, that the piston 26 will move from left to right as shown by the arrow 90. When the spring 102 reaches the end wall 22 it will begin to compress.
  • a further embodiment of an engine in accordance with the invention is designated generally by reference numeral 110.
  • This embodiment 110 is similar to the embodiment 10 shown in FIG. 1 and is similarly referenced. Its operation is also similar to that of the embodiment 10 of FIG. 1.
  • the piston 26 is formed in two parts that are held together by means of posts 118.
  • This embodiment 110 further has two seals, each having a side sealing portion 114 and an end sealing portion 112 with the end sealing portions 112 engaging the ridges 24 on the end walls 16 and 18.
  • the two parts that form the piston 26 have sidewall portions 128 which do not meet with the seals being received therein and being held in place by a holding ring 116.
  • the cylindrical wall of the piston 26 is defined by the sidewalls 128, the seals and the ring 116.
  • FIG. 5 a still further embodiment 120 is shown.
  • This embodiment is also similar to the embodiments 10 and 110 of FIGS. 1 and 4 respectively and is similarly referenced.
  • This embodiment 120 does not have the ridges 24 and instead has two frusto-conical end seals 122. The wider ends of these seals 122 are held in grooves in the end walls 30 and 32.
  • the seals 122 surround the openings 34 and 36. It will be appreciated that as the piston 26 moves into engagement with the end walls 16 and 18 the seals 122 collapse and the auxiliary chambers defined thereby have a fairly large change in volume, as compared with the ridge and seal arrangements shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.
  • FIG. 6 a still further embodiment of an engine in accordance with the invention is designated by reference numeral 130.
  • This embodiment 130 is also operated in a positive supply manner. However, water under pressure is supplied to the outside of the cylinder 12, rather than to the inside of the piston 26 via the tube 46.
  • a casing 132 is provided around a part of the outside of the cylinder defining member 12 so that the apertures 20 and 22 are in communication with a port 134 to which the water under pressure is supplied.
  • the apertures 20 and 22 are closed from outside by means of stoppers 140 and 142 on a valve 136.
  • the valve 136 has a shaft 138 which extends between the stoppers 140 and 142 and passes through the piston 26 via openings 34 and 36 in the end walls 30 and 32 respectively.
  • the valve 136 also has collars 144 and 146 close to the stoppers 140 and 142 respectively which are engaged by the piston 26, to displace the valve 136 back-and-forth.
  • the apertures 20 and 22 are greater than the openings 34 and 36.
  • the embodiment 130 can be operated in a negative supply manner, with a suction being supplied to the port 134.
  • an engine is provided that is cheap to manufacture, is reliable and compact, and which responds automatically to resistive forces.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
US07/280,232 1987-12-03 1988-12-05 Fluid operable engine Ceased US4949622A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA879089 1987-12-03
ZA87/9089 1987-12-03

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/756,629 Reissue USRE34301E (en) 1987-12-03 1991-09-09 Fluid operable engine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4949622A true US4949622A (en) 1990-08-21

Family

ID=25579085

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/280,232 Ceased US4949622A (en) 1987-12-03 1988-12-05 Fluid operable engine
US07/756,629 Expired - Lifetime USRE34301E (en) 1987-12-03 1991-09-09 Fluid operable engine

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/756,629 Expired - Lifetime USRE34301E (en) 1987-12-03 1991-09-09 Fluid operable engine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US4949622A (fr)
EP (1) EP0319341B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE72877T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU610303B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1335166C (fr)
DE (1) DE3868597D1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090218416A1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2009-09-03 Takahiro Ohashi Water Discharger
US20100059604A1 (en) * 2006-03-02 2010-03-11 Toto Ltd. Shower apparatus
US20130135957A1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-30 Heraeus Medical Gmbh Device for mixing bone cement and method for mixing bone cement and use of the device
US20140098629A1 (en) * 2011-06-22 2014-04-10 Medmix Systems Ag Device for the low-bubble mixing and discharging of a product
US9132573B2 (en) 2011-11-25 2015-09-15 Heraeus Medical Gmbh Storage and mixing device for bone cement
RU205274U1 (ru) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-06 Михаил Николаевич Баютин Двигатель пневматический

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6553863B1 (en) 1999-04-21 2003-04-29 Atoma International Corp. Accelerator pedal
US6299413B1 (en) * 2000-06-14 2001-10-09 Ingersoll-Rand Company Pump having a bleeding valve
US6398527B1 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-06-04 Westport Research Inc. Reciprocating motor with uni-directional fluid flow
US20050279682A1 (en) * 2001-11-30 2005-12-22 Davidson Donald R Debris bag for a swimming pool cleaning apparatus
US7677268B2 (en) * 2001-11-30 2010-03-16 Hayward Industries, Inc. Fluid distribution system for a swimming pool cleaning apparatus
US7318448B2 (en) * 2001-11-30 2008-01-15 H-Tech, Inc. Swimming pool cleaning apparatus and parts therefor
US20080155975A1 (en) * 2006-12-28 2008-07-03 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulic system with energy recovery
US9845609B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-12-19 Hayward Industries, Inc. Swimming pool pressure cleaner including automatic timing mechanism
US9745767B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-08-29 Hayward Industries, Inc. Swimming pool pressure cleaner including automatic timing mechanism
FR3031134B1 (fr) 2014-12-26 2018-02-16 Exel Industries Moteur a air comprime et pompe comprenant un tel moteur

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE289758C (fr) *
DE10284C (de) * H. ZORN in Berlin, Neuenburgerstrafse 16 .Petroleum-Dampfbrenner mit Wärme übertragenden Sieben und doppeltem Boden zum Kühlhalten des Petroleumbassfns
US2545506A (en) * 1945-10-17 1951-03-20 Raymond A Walsh Pump
DE879338C (de) * 1950-06-18 1953-06-11 Toussaint & Hess Gmbh Schwungradloser Druckluftmotor, insbesondere fuer den Antrieb von Hochdruckpumpen fuer hydraulische Anlagen an Lastkraftwagen und deren Anhaengern
US2727467A (en) * 1951-04-24 1955-12-20 Russell Carl Dexter Sub-surface pumping units
US2780171A (en) * 1954-05-20 1957-02-05 Edward H Heddy Pneumatically activated well pump
US2862478A (en) * 1956-06-11 1958-12-02 F E Myers And Bro Company Fluid motor piston
US3390616A (en) * 1965-10-19 1968-07-02 William L. Hammer Fluid pressure cylinders having load responsive piston valves
US3937241A (en) * 1973-11-29 1976-02-10 Philippe Cloup Device for injecting an adjuvant into a liquid
DE2532712A1 (de) * 1974-08-08 1976-02-19 Sig Schweiz Industrieges Pneumatisch betaetigtes schlaggeraet
US3960058A (en) * 1973-12-12 1976-06-01 Hans Berkelius Device at hydraulic motor
US4127057A (en) * 1975-11-07 1978-11-28 Paul Stubenruss Reciprocating fluid stroke motors with automatic control
US4258609A (en) * 1977-10-11 1981-03-31 Conway John P Dual speed hydraulic piston assembly
SU1000617A1 (ru) * 1981-06-30 1983-02-28 Предприятие П/Я Р-6266 Самореверсирующийс пневмо(гидро)привод
US4807321A (en) * 1986-12-16 1989-02-28 Giorgio Grasselli Air cleaning system

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE118621C (fr) *
GB191020674A (en) * 1910-09-05 1911-02-16 George Clenso Kaitting A New or Improved Water Motor.
US1348800A (en) * 1919-02-06 1920-08-03 Jesse N Hipkins Water-motor
CH443002A (de) * 1966-09-07 1967-08-31 Paschke Hanns Dieter Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer oszillierenden Bewegung mit Hilfe eines Druckmediums
DE2037782A1 (de) * 1970-07-30 1972-02-03 Badische Anilin-& Soda-Fabrik Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Adipinsäure
FR2508568A1 (fr) * 1981-06-30 1982-12-31 Valiorgue Bernard Verin double effet a commande et distribution incorporees

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE289758C (fr) *
DE10284C (de) * H. ZORN in Berlin, Neuenburgerstrafse 16 .Petroleum-Dampfbrenner mit Wärme übertragenden Sieben und doppeltem Boden zum Kühlhalten des Petroleumbassfns
US2545506A (en) * 1945-10-17 1951-03-20 Raymond A Walsh Pump
DE879338C (de) * 1950-06-18 1953-06-11 Toussaint & Hess Gmbh Schwungradloser Druckluftmotor, insbesondere fuer den Antrieb von Hochdruckpumpen fuer hydraulische Anlagen an Lastkraftwagen und deren Anhaengern
US2727467A (en) * 1951-04-24 1955-12-20 Russell Carl Dexter Sub-surface pumping units
US2780171A (en) * 1954-05-20 1957-02-05 Edward H Heddy Pneumatically activated well pump
US2862478A (en) * 1956-06-11 1958-12-02 F E Myers And Bro Company Fluid motor piston
US3390616A (en) * 1965-10-19 1968-07-02 William L. Hammer Fluid pressure cylinders having load responsive piston valves
US3937241A (en) * 1973-11-29 1976-02-10 Philippe Cloup Device for injecting an adjuvant into a liquid
US3960058A (en) * 1973-12-12 1976-06-01 Hans Berkelius Device at hydraulic motor
DE2532712A1 (de) * 1974-08-08 1976-02-19 Sig Schweiz Industrieges Pneumatisch betaetigtes schlaggeraet
US4127057A (en) * 1975-11-07 1978-11-28 Paul Stubenruss Reciprocating fluid stroke motors with automatic control
US4258609A (en) * 1977-10-11 1981-03-31 Conway John P Dual speed hydraulic piston assembly
SU1000617A1 (ru) * 1981-06-30 1983-02-28 Предприятие П/Я Р-6266 Самореверсирующийс пневмо(гидро)привод
US4807321A (en) * 1986-12-16 1989-02-28 Giorgio Grasselli Air cleaning system

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100059604A1 (en) * 2006-03-02 2010-03-11 Toto Ltd. Shower apparatus
US20090218416A1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2009-09-03 Takahiro Ohashi Water Discharger
US20140098629A1 (en) * 2011-06-22 2014-04-10 Medmix Systems Ag Device for the low-bubble mixing and discharging of a product
US20130135957A1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-30 Heraeus Medical Gmbh Device for mixing bone cement and method for mixing bone cement and use of the device
US9132573B2 (en) 2011-11-25 2015-09-15 Heraeus Medical Gmbh Storage and mixing device for bone cement
US9339946B2 (en) * 2011-11-25 2016-05-17 Heraeus Medical Gmbh Device for mixing bone cement and method for mixing bone cement and use of the device
RU205274U1 (ru) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-06 Михаил Николаевич Баютин Двигатель пневматический

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2655688A (en) 1989-06-08
EP0319341A2 (fr) 1989-06-07
CA1335166C (fr) 1995-04-11
ATE72877T1 (de) 1992-03-15
USRE34301E (en) 1993-07-06
DE3868597D1 (de) 1992-04-02
EP0319341A3 (en) 1989-11-29
EP0319341B1 (fr) 1992-02-26
AU610303B2 (en) 1991-05-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4949622A (en) Fluid operable engine
KR970009954B1 (ko) 왕복운동가능 기계용 공기 밸브 액츄에이터
KR930004958B1 (ko) 점성물 배출기
US5893707A (en) Pneumatically shifted reciprocating pump
WO2017073439A1 (fr) Soupape de régulation de fluide
KR870006931A (ko) 수동식 인출펌프
EP2426387B1 (fr) Pompe à piston alternative avec clapet d'aération, encliquetage et poupées
CA1255965A (fr) Pompe a adduction continue et debit pulse
US20080185544A1 (en) Structure for air control valve of oxygen concentrator
US4722675A (en) Piston proportioning pump
US20060037465A1 (en) Hydraulic machine
US4348160A (en) Metering syringe
US5188518A (en) Pumping device driven by a fluid driven reciprocating actuator
US5150643A (en) Reciprocating actuator
CN214789054U (zh) 一种直角转向型流体通断气控阀
US4465090A (en) Air relay
US6736046B2 (en) Pilot control valve utilizing multiple offset slide valves
JPH0270909A (ja) 内燃機関用ダブルフローバルブ
AU2002364057B2 (en) Reciprocating fluid engine
CN220792164U (zh) 多导通装置及车辆
CN220298641U (zh) 行程可调气油压装置
CN221824583U (zh) 一种新型防滴落阀
CN219282436U (zh) 对接阀座
CN209761656U (zh) 气筒
JPS58134204A (ja) 空気作動式往復駆動装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

RF Reissue application filed

Effective date: 19910909