US4511680A - Process for the continuous high temperature glycolytic cleavage of polyurethane plastics waste in screw machines - Google Patents

Process for the continuous high temperature glycolytic cleavage of polyurethane plastics waste in screw machines Download PDF

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US4511680A
US4511680A US06/525,846 US52584683A US4511680A US 4511680 A US4511680 A US 4511680A US 52584683 A US52584683 A US 52584683A US 4511680 A US4511680 A US 4511680A
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diols
degradation
plastics waste
weight
mixture
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Georg Niederdellmann
Ernst Grigat
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Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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Assigned to BAYER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, A GERMAN CORP. reassignment BAYER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, A GERMAN CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GRIGAT, ERNST, NIEDERDELLMANN, GEORG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
    • C08J11/18—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material
    • C08J11/22—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08J11/24—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds containing hydroxyl groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for the continuous glycolytic cleavage of polyurethane plastics waste in multi-shaft screw machines by the addition of optionally pre-heated diols, at a degradation temperature of 250° C., while maintaining a pressure at least such that the polyurethane-diol mixture is in the liquid phase, by the discharge of the glycolysate mixture after short residence times of from 2 to 30 minutes in the reaction screw, and by rapid cooling of the glycolysate mixture.
  • the quantities of diol required for the dissolution and degradation of the polyurethane waste are within the range of equal weight quantities, but are often higher, so that the resulting reclaimed polyols quantitatively amount to several times the amount of original waste and, additionally, in many cases, more reactive and more expensive amino alcohols are used simultaneously with the diols in order to affect the degradation of the wastes.
  • a limited curtailment of the reaction time and/or a reduction in the degradation temperature may be achieved by shifting the pH, by adding certain catalysts and/or by the simultaneous use of codegraders, for example ammonia, amines or alkanolamines, but the properties of the recovered polyols which are changed by the catalysts or codegraders have a disadvantageous effect on the re-use of these polyols.
  • codegraders for example ammonia, amines or alkanolamines
  • Polyurethane plastics are characterized by the extraordinarily-varied chemical structure thereof. Depending on the desired properties in each case, in addition to urethane bonds, they may also contain urea, biuret, allophanate, isocyanurate, carbodiimide and/or ester groups. This requires an optimization of the degradation conditions which is related to the formulation in each case, and a specific selection of suitable degradation diols or diol-co-degrader mixtures.
  • the claims of the above-mentioned patents which are very specific in some respects are also to be understood within this sense. Thus, for example, German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,304,444 specifically claims the degradation of polyisocyanurate waste, while Offenlegungsschrift No.
  • 2,414,091 provides the degradation of polyurethanes containing carbodiimide groups. Therefore, polyurethane waste mixtures of varying compositions and a waste of an unknown formulation cannot be worked-up in a commercially-satisfactory manner by any single known process.
  • polyurethanes of the most varied compositions may be degraded into reusable polyols in an economic, controllable and continuous manner.
  • This process may be completed in a short time and at an elevated temperature, with a relatively low requirement of degradation glycol, without substantially impairing the recovered polyols, and without the above-mentioned disadvantages, in a widely-applicable method using a specifically equipped screw machine.
  • screw machines has only been described for the irreversible, continuous hydrolysis of polyurethane waste, as in German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,442,387.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic of an apparatus for transurethanization of polyurethane plastics waste materials.
  • the present invention provides a process for the continuous glycolytic cleavage of polyurethane plastics waste by the addition of diols which may be pre-heated, optionally in the presence of alkali metal alcoholate catalysts, the process being carried out at an elevated temperature and under elevated pressure.
  • the process is characterized in that the plastics waste is introduced into a multi-shaft screw machine together with diols in a weight ratio of from 10:1 to 1:1, preferably of from 5:1 to 2:1, optionally with the addition of alkali metal glycolates.
  • the mixture of plastics waste and diols, and optionally alkali metal glycolates is maintained in the screw machine in a reaction zone with intensive material and heat exchange for from 2 to 30 minutes, preferably for from 5 to 15 minutes, at a temperature of from about 250° to 350° C., preferably of from 260° to 330° C., more preferably of from 260° to 300° C., while maintaining a liquid diol phase in the degradation mixture by a pressure of up to 100 bars, preferably of up to 80 bars, more preferably of from 5 to 30 bars.
  • the polyol-containing degradation mixture resulting from the glycolytic degradation issues into a cooled pressure-relieving vessel, then into a cooled receiver via a discharge outlet connected to the screw machine, while maintaining the liquefying pressure and a constant liquid level, with the temperature of the resulting degradation polyol mixture being reduced to below 200° C., preferably to below 150° C., more preferably to from 80° to 100° C., in less than 30 minutes, preferably over a period of from 5 to 15 minutes.
  • the process is preferably carried out in a screw machine comprising a housing, the temperature of which may be controlled, a feed funnel, a discharge outlet and multi-shaft screws rotating in the same direction, wherein the screw shafts have a drawn-in section with threads of high pitch (more than 90 mm, preferably more than 100 mm) extending beyond the region of the feed funnel, which section is joined by a compression section with threads of low pitch (less than 70 mm, preferably less than 60 mm), while the remaining reaction zone section of the screw shaft is composed of kneading discs.
  • a suitable screw machine comprising a discharge outlet is known from German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,442,387, in which a hydrolysis of polyurethane waste is carried out by adding water.
  • An apparatus which is particularly suitable for carrying out these procedural steps is a screw machine which is equipped as schematically illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the polyurethane waste which is crushed in a plastics mill (1) is fed into a hopper (2) and then, by a continuous metering device (3) and a funnel (4), into a screw machine.
  • An outlet (5) is provided in the housing upstream of the feed funnel in the direction of flow of the waste material in the screw machine for the release of entrained air, with provision for a slight vacuum to be advantageously applied to this outlet.
  • the glycol which is required for the degradation is metered, preferably by means of a nozzle, into the screw machine through a housing inlet (6), just downstream of the waste feed funnel.
  • the screw spindle of the screw machine is divided into several zones.
  • a thread which has a high pitch (absorption thread (7), from about 10 to 18%, preferably from 11 to 15%, of the total length of the screw).
  • a compression zone with a thread having a low pitch (pressure build-up thread (8), from about 10 to 17%, preferably from about 12 to 15%, of the screw length) is used to compress the plastics.
  • Kneading discs (9) are applied to the remaining reaction zone length of the screw spindle downstream of the pressure build-up thread.
  • the complete screw housing (10) is provided with a temperature control device (cooling jacket (11) or heating jacket (12)).
  • a specific discharge outlet (13) is flange-mounted to the end of the screw housing, from which the screw spindle slightly projects.
  • the glycolysate flows out of this discharge outlet (13) through a plunge pipe (14) which ensures a constant filling level in the discharge outlet, and via a valve which is provided with pressure regulation (15) which maintains a constant working pressure in the discharge outlet.
  • the pressure of the issuing glycolysate is reduced with cooling in a heat exchanger (16), which is provided with a condenser (18), and the glycolysate may be removed continuously or in discrete batches from a receiving tank (17) which has also been cooled.
  • the preferred pre-heating (preferably to from 150° to 250° C.) of the diol used for degradation is carried out by means of a heat transfer from the hot glycolysate in the heat exchanger (16) and, if necessary, via a second heat exchanger (19). Draining of the screw and discharge outlet may be accomplished via a discharge valve (20).
  • glycolytic cleavage which is carried out in the described screw machine may also be carried out in the presence of catalysts and/or with the simultaneous use of co-degraders, for example, amines, alkanolamines or lactams.
  • co-degraders for example, amines, alkanolamines or lactams.
  • these additives are preferably not used, for while they allow lower degradation temperatures, they produce inferior recovered polyols due to the altered reactivities.
  • alkali metal glycolates are recommended during degradation in the case of polyurethanes which are difficult to degrade. This is particularly helpful in the case of polyisocyanurates and elastomers rich in rigid segments, especially for binding acid degradation products in the case of flame-resistant polyurethanes containing phosphate esters. Excess alkali metal may be bound as salt after degradation by neutralization, for example, with phosphoric acid, and then filtered off. A procedural step of this type is a conventional element of large-scale polyether production.
  • alkali metal glycolates do not have a disadvantageous influence on the properties of the glycolysate in this way. Because of this lack of disadvantageous effects, the addition of alkali metal glycolates is recommended within the wide applicability of the present process, even for the degradation of unknown wastes or waste mixtures.
  • Diols which are suitable for the glycolytic degradation include all aliphatic diols having from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms.
  • Such diols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, oligopropylene glycol, butane diols, dibutylene glycols, pentane diols, 3-methyl-pentane diol-1,5, neopentyl glycol, hexane diols, heptane diols or octane diols.
  • the dimethylolpropane-rich distillation first-runnings of the commercial trimethylolpropane production and tri- and tetra-hydric alcohols for example, glycerine, trimethylolpropane, hexane triols and pentaerythritol may also be used in the degradation reaction.
  • tri- and tetra-hydric alcohols are preferably not used on their own, but in admixture with diols.
  • alkali metal glycolysates which are optionally to be simultaneously used are obtained by the addition of from 5 to 20%, by weight, of alkali metal hydroxide, for example, potassium or sodium hydroxide, to the corresponding degradation diols, and by subsequent azeotropic dehydration, corresponding to the method which is generally known for the production of alkaline starting materials in the large-scale production of polyethers.
  • alkali metal hydroxide for example, potassium or sodium hydroxide
  • the double shaft screw machine (of the ZDS-KG 90 type, manufactured by Werner & Pfleiderer) used in these examples contains two screws rotating in the same direction having a variable speed of from 0 to 300 r.p.m., a shaft diameter of 90 mm, a length of 2200 mm and a volume of 8.2 liters.
  • the volume of the discharge outlet was about 0.5 liter.
  • the pitch of the screw thread in the 330 mm long draw-in zone was 120 mm (double thread), and was reduced in the adjoining 260 mm long compression zone in stages from 60 mm to 30 mm (double-thread in each case).
  • the 1610 mm long reaction zone joining thereto was initially equipped with a left-hand kneading block (30 mm) displaced by 30° to support the build-up of pressure, and then with right-hand kneading blocks displaced by 30°.
  • throughputs of from 40 to 60 kg/h
  • the average residence times amounted to from about 8 to 13 minutes.
  • glycolysate issuing from the screw end after an average residence time of about 10 minutes, with a temperature of 280° C., was cooled to about 90° C. over a period of about 10 minutes in a heat exchanger.
  • a light-brown polyol (glycolysate) was obtained which had:
  • Viscosity (25° C.): 4180 mPa.s
  • the recovered polyol which was obtained could be converted into a usable polyurethane foam when blended with a polyether started on saccharose (addition product of propylene oxide to a mixture of saccharose, 1,2-propylene glycol and water; OH-number 320).
  • saccharose addition product of propylene oxide to a mixture of saccharose, 1,2-propylene glycol and water; OH-number 320.
  • silicone stabilizer "OS 710” produced by Bayer AG, Leverkusen, West Germany,
  • reaction components which were intensively mixed by a high-speed stirrer, produced, with a starting time of 15 seconds and a rise time of 6.5 minutes, a stable, rigid foam having a uniform, closed-cell pore structure and a bulk density of 50.2 kg/m 3 .
  • Viscosity (25° C.): 1830 mPa.s
  • This recovered polyol could be converted into a usable polyurethane rigid foam on its own (Formulation a), and when blended with a polyether (Formulation b).
  • silicone stabilizer OS-710 0.5 parts, by weight, of silicone stabilizer OS-710
  • a stable, closed-cell rigid foam was obtained having a fairly uniform pore structure and a bulk density of 70.3 kg/m 3 .
  • silicone stabilizer OS-710 0.5 parts, by weight, of silicone stabilizer OS-710,
  • a stable, closed-cell rigid foam was formed having a very uniform pore structure and a bulk density of 48.6 kg/m 3 .
  • Viscosity (25° C.): 5700 mPa.s
  • the recovered polyol could be foamed in a rigid foam formulation of:
  • silicone stabilizer OS-710 0.5 parts, by weight, of silicone stabilizer OS-710,
  • a stable, closed-cell, rigid foam was obtained having a uniform pore structure and a bulk density of 57.8 kg/m 3 .
  • Viscosity (25° C.): 1920 mPa.s
  • the regenerated polyol could be converted into a rigid foam in admixture with the saccharose polyether described in Example 1 in the formulation:
  • silicone stabilizer OS-710 0.5 parts, by weight, of silicone stabilizer OS-710,
  • the rigid foam thus obtained had a bulk density of 54.4 kg/m 3 .
  • Example 4 41.2 kg/hour of the polyether polyurethane flexible foam waste of Example 4 and 10 g/hour of the distillation first-runnings, rich in dimethylolpropane, from the commercial production of trimethylolpropane, having a hydroxyl number of 796, were reacted together under the operational conditions of Example 1.
  • a reddish-brown recovered polyol was obtained with the following analytical values:
  • Viscosity (25° C.): 4640 mPa.s
  • the regenerated polyol could easily be converted into a rigid foam when blended with the saccharose polyether mentioned in Example 1 in the formulation:
  • silicone stabilizer OS-710 0.5 parts, by weight, of silicone stabilizer OS-710,
  • the recovered polyol could be converted into a usable rigid foam without a further after-treatment when blended with the saccharose polyether described in Example 1 in the formulation:
  • silicone stabilizer OS-710 0.5 parts, by weight, of silicone stabilizer OS-710,
  • the polyol mixture could be converted into a usable rigid foam in the following formulation:
  • silicone stabilizer OS-710 0.5 parts, by weight, of silicone stabilizer OS-710,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
US06/525,846 1982-09-01 1983-08-24 Process for the continuous high temperature glycolytic cleavage of polyurethane plastics waste in screw machines Expired - Lifetime US4511680A (en)

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DE3232461 1982-09-01
DE19823232461 DE3232461A1 (de) 1982-09-01 1982-09-01 Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen glykolytischen hochtemperatur-abbau von polyurethankunstoffabfaellen in schneckenmaschinen

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EP (1) EP0105167B1 (de)
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Cited By (11)

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US5357006A (en) * 1992-10-12 1994-10-18 Basf Schwarzheide Gmbh Preparation of recyclate polyols, and the use thereof in the preparation of polyurethanes
US5451376A (en) * 1993-05-14 1995-09-19 Maschinenfabrik Hennecke Gmbh Process and apparatus for reprocessing polyurethane foam wastes, in particular flexible foam wastes, for recycling as additives in the production of polyurethane
US5508312A (en) * 1994-05-09 1996-04-16 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of compounds containing hydroxyl groups from (polyurethane) polyurea waste materials
US5654344A (en) * 1994-04-08 1997-08-05 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Production of rigid to semirigid polyurethane foams having an increased proportion of open cells and reduced shrinkage
US5672631A (en) * 1991-04-24 1997-09-30 Pauls; Mathias Method for processing packaging remnants with recovery of materials
US5684054A (en) * 1994-09-22 1997-11-04 Daimler-Benz Ag Process for recovering secondary polyols from polyadducts mixed with nonglycolysable materials
US5716996A (en) * 1995-11-09 1998-02-10 Mercedes-Benz Ag Method for the recovery of secondary polyols from paint sludges
US5814674A (en) * 1992-04-23 1998-09-29 Rathor Ag Method for processing residue-containing packages
US6087409A (en) * 1997-04-29 2000-07-11 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Production of rigid polyurethane foams
US20100260881A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2010-10-14 Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Method of treating polymer compound and treatment system for the same
CN102756436A (zh) * 2011-04-28 2012-10-31 株式会社日立制作所 发泡氨基甲酸酯的处理方法及其处理装置

Families Citing this family (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL9401907A (nl) * 1994-11-15 1996-06-03 Hevea B V Werkwijze voor het verwerken en bereiden van microcellulair, elastomeer polyurethaan, alsmede produkt, vervaardigd met toepassing van microcellulair, elastomeer polyurethaan.
DE4442379A1 (de) 1994-11-29 1996-05-30 Bayer Ag Verfahren zum glykolytischen Abbau von Polyurethankunststoffen
DE19643056A1 (de) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-23 Basf Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von zähelastischen Polyurethan-Integralschaumstoffen mit verbesserter Weiterreißfestigkeit, Bruchdehnung und Zugfestigkeit
US6245822B1 (en) * 1998-04-27 2001-06-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. Method and apparatus for decomposition treating article having cured thermosetting resin
AU7287300A (en) * 1999-10-26 2001-05-08 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process for the preparation of a rigid polyurethane foam
DE102005038375B4 (de) * 2005-08-13 2008-11-27 Tsa Stahl- Und Anlagenbaugesellschaft Mbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Recyclatpolyolen aus Polyurethanen
JP4935710B2 (ja) * 2008-02-21 2012-05-23 日立電線株式会社 高分子化合物の処理方法及び装置
CZ2020329A3 (cs) * 2020-06-09 2021-06-23 ECORETAN s.r.o. Směs pro výrobu polyuretanové pěny
JP2024501461A (ja) 2020-12-14 2024-01-12 コベストロ、ドイチュラント、アクチエンゲゼルシャフト ポリウレタンフォームから原料を回収する方法
DE102022113374A1 (de) * 2022-05-26 2023-11-30 Neveon Germany Gmbh Umsetzung von Polyurethan in einem sich verjüngenden Reaktor
WO2024170429A1 (de) 2023-02-17 2024-08-22 Evonik Operations Gmbh Stabilisatoren für polyurethanschaumstoffe enthaltend recycling-polyol

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3632530A (en) * 1967-03-04 1972-01-04 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd Process for decomposition of a polyurethane resin
US3738946A (en) * 1971-08-05 1973-06-12 Upjohn Co Conversion of scrap polyurethane foam to polyol
US3708440A (en) * 1972-02-14 1973-01-02 Upjohn Co Reclaiming scrap polyisocyanurate foam with an aliphatic diol and a dialkanolamine
US3983087A (en) * 1974-04-29 1976-09-28 The Upjohn Company Novel process of reclaiming polyurethane foam
GB1492838A (en) * 1974-04-29 1977-11-23 Upjohn Co Conversion of scrap polyurethane foam to polyols
US4136967A (en) * 1974-09-04 1979-01-30 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Screw machine for the continuous degradation of plastics
US4051212A (en) * 1974-09-04 1977-09-27 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the continuous degradation of plastics
US4014809A (en) * 1974-12-19 1977-03-29 Bridgestone Tire Company Limited Process for obtaining a polyol-containing homogeneous liquid composition useful for the production of rigid polyurethane foam from a rigid polyurethane foam
JPS5292887A (en) * 1976-01-30 1977-08-04 Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd Removal of amine derivatives in depolymerized urethane polymer
US4162995A (en) * 1976-07-01 1979-07-31 Sheratte Martin B Method and composition for reclaiming polyurethane
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US5672631A (en) * 1991-04-24 1997-09-30 Pauls; Mathias Method for processing packaging remnants with recovery of materials
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CN1049667C (zh) * 1993-05-14 2000-02-23 亨内克机械制造有限公司 聚氨酯泡沫废料的再加工方法和设备
US5451376A (en) * 1993-05-14 1995-09-19 Maschinenfabrik Hennecke Gmbh Process and apparatus for reprocessing polyurethane foam wastes, in particular flexible foam wastes, for recycling as additives in the production of polyurethane
US5654344A (en) * 1994-04-08 1997-08-05 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Production of rigid to semirigid polyurethane foams having an increased proportion of open cells and reduced shrinkage
US5508312A (en) * 1994-05-09 1996-04-16 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of compounds containing hydroxyl groups from (polyurethane) polyurea waste materials
US5684054A (en) * 1994-09-22 1997-11-04 Daimler-Benz Ag Process for recovering secondary polyols from polyadducts mixed with nonglycolysable materials
US5716996A (en) * 1995-11-09 1998-02-10 Mercedes-Benz Ag Method for the recovery of secondary polyols from paint sludges
US6087409A (en) * 1997-04-29 2000-07-11 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Production of rigid polyurethane foams
US20100260881A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2010-10-14 Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Method of treating polymer compound and treatment system for the same
US8105540B2 (en) * 2004-04-02 2012-01-31 Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Method of treating polymer compound and treatment system for the same
CN102756436A (zh) * 2011-04-28 2012-10-31 株式会社日立制作所 发泡氨基甲酸酯的处理方法及其处理装置

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EP0105167B1 (de) 1988-06-01
DE3376840D1 (en) 1988-07-07
JPH0447703B2 (de) 1992-08-04
JPS5964641A (ja) 1984-04-12
DE3232461A1 (de) 1984-03-01

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