US4506125A - Glazing panels and their bonding - Google Patents

Glazing panels and their bonding Download PDF

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Publication number
US4506125A
US4506125A US06/498,572 US49857283A US4506125A US 4506125 A US4506125 A US 4506125A US 49857283 A US49857283 A US 49857283A US 4506125 A US4506125 A US 4506125A
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United States
Prior art keywords
loop
induction heating
panel
conductors
sheets
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Expired - Fee Related
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US06/498,572
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English (en)
Inventor
Jacques Smets
Michel Laurent
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AGC Glass Europe SA
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Glaverbel Belgium SA
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Assigned to GLAVERBEL 166 CHAUSSEE DE LA HULPE, B-1170 BRUSSELS BELGIUM reassignment GLAVERBEL 166 CHAUSSEE DE LA HULPE, B-1170 BRUSSELS BELGIUM ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: LAURENT, MICHEL, SMETS, JACQUES
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
    • E06B3/67339—Working the edges of already assembled units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
    • E06B3/67339—Working the edges of already assembled units
    • E06B3/6736—Heat treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a glazing panel comprising sheets which are joined together along the margin of the panel using heat-activatable bonding medium which is electrically conductive and/or in contact with electrically conductive material comprised within the panel and which is activated in situ by induction heating.
  • the spacing means may for example comprise a metal spacer rail or rails which is or are bonded to metallised margins of the sheets by solder which is melted in situ.
  • a heat-activatable adhesive composition can be used for bonding the sheets to a spacer of metal, glass or other material.
  • the spacing means may be constituted by the heat-activatable bonding material itself.
  • British Patent Specification No. 1 167 193 is mainly concerned with plastics packaging.
  • the parts to be joined are pressed between an inductive loop and a non-magnetic electrically conductive reinforcing member which serves to concentrate the magnetic field produced by the loop in the region of conductive material distributed along the joint line to heat it and soften the adjacent plastics materials so that the plastics parts become fused or sealed together.
  • a non-magnetic electrically conductive reinforcing member which serves to concentrate the magnetic field produced by the loop in the region of conductive material distributed along the joint line to heat it and soften the adjacent plastics materials so that the plastics parts become fused or sealed together.
  • cardboard stock, wood, rubber, glass and paper in addition to plastics material, though no detail of any such use is given.
  • the process and apparatus of British Patent Specification No. 1 167 193 would not be suitable for series production of glazing panels, and in particular of hollow glass panels, in view of the repeated contact of the apparatus with a panel.
  • British Pat. No. 831 166 simply states that the assembled components, in that case glass panes and an intervening copper spacer strip, can be placed on a conveyor, moved into a tunnel oven wherein the work assembly is raised to 500° C. and then moved past an alternating magnetic field whereby the temperature of the spacer strip is raised by the induced current sufficiently to fuse the edges of the ring to the glass panes.
  • the heating is sufficient to melt the portions of glass which are in contact with the metal ring so that no separate bonding medium is needed, but the specification does indicate that the metal can be coated with a layer of a bonding agent such as easy-melting powdered glass or borax, in order to improve the wetting of the metal by the molten glass.
  • British Patent specification No. 1 506 282 which likewise refers to heating of the spacer rail or rails of a double glazing panel by means of an inductive eddy current, does include an outline of possible procedures.
  • the specification says that the spacer rail or rails can be heated as a whole by means of inductive eddy currents and goes on to state that satisfactory results may be achieved in many cases if a relatively large portion of the spacer rail is gradually heated by means of induced eddy currents to the temprature necessary for the joint sealing and the heat is thereafter allowed to progress successively and gradually along the spacer rail, e.g. by a slow successive relative displacement of the eddy current source with respect to the spacer rail in the longitudinal direction.
  • use is made of high-frequency coils and a longitudinal portion of the spacer rail corresponding substantially to the diameter of the high-frequency field is slowly heated to the jointing temperature before the panel assembly is displaced to conduct its adjacent edge areas successively through such field.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an induction heating method which can be applied under industrial working conditions to produce high quality joints yet which is economical in terms of time and energy consumption and of the equipment which is required.
  • a method of manufacturing a polygonal glazing panel comprising sheets which are joined together along the margin of the panel using heat-activatable bonding medium which is electrically conductive and/or in contact with electrically conductive material comprised within the panel and which is activated in situ by induction heating, characterised in that for said induction heating use is made of a polygonal inductor loop each of whose sides comprises a conductor or conductors of tubular bar or of rod form, the loop being spaced from the work and so disposed in relation to the margin of the work that the bonding medium is heated simultaneously at all positions along the joint or joints to be formed.
  • a method according to the invention is more economical than the use of a tunnel oven and more rapid than the use of a travelling eddy current source. Furthermore a method according to the invention using tubular bar or rod conductors presents advantages of economy even over a method in which the loop is formed by helically wound coils.
  • a tubular bar or rod conductor for use in the method of the invention may be constituted as a single, solid tube or rod or by a multiplicity of conductive elements e.g. braided or twisted together.
  • Another very important advantage of the invention is that the peripheral jointing of panel sheets can be effected very rapidly.
  • the method according to the invention can be performed by means of induction heating apparatus of relatively simple form regardless of the shape of the panel being produced.
  • induction heating apparatus of relatively simple form regardless of the shape of the panel being produced.
  • us can be made of a loop of similar shape comprising straight tubular bar conductors forming the sides of the loop polygon.
  • the loop does not have to be displaced relative to the work during the heating of a joint.
  • the inductor loop can easily be held in the required working position at a heating station, e.g. by supporting means at the ends of the conductor or conductors and/or by a small number of supports located between those ends.
  • the invention can be employed in the manufacture of panels in which the sheets are bonded to an intervening spacer strip or strips, e.g. a metal spacer rail or rails.
  • a single spacer rail can be used if it is bent to form a frame of the same shape as the panel.
  • a pluralty of spacer rails can be used in end to end relationship.
  • spacer rails can be endwise connected together e.g. by corner pieces.
  • the induction heating method according to the invention can be employed for bonding both sheets to the spacer(s) or for bonding only one of the sheets thereto the other sheet being bonded to the spacer(s) by some other method.
  • both sheets can be bonded to the spacer(s) simultaneously, using the one induction heating step, or they can be bonded to the spacer(s) in successive operations.
  • the invention can also be employed in the manufacture of panels in which the sheets are directly bonded together by the heat-activatable bonding medium. If the panel is one wherein the sheets are joined in spaced relationship, this means in effect that the bonding medium serves as inter-sheet spacing means.
  • the inductor loop may be arranged above or below the work, but it preferably follows a course around the perimeter of the work since this has been found best for efficient power transfer.
  • two sheets are simultaneously joined to inter-sheet spacing means disposed along the margin of the panel by a single induction heating step in which the inductor loop is arranged so that the plane of the loop is located substantially symmetrically between said sheets.
  • Such embodiments have the important advantage that the best coupling between the loop and the work is achieved so that uniform bonding of both sheets can be effected very rapidly.
  • the loop has a said symmetrical location in relation to the thickness of the work and the height (measured parallel with the thickness dimension of the work) of the conductors composing the loop is less than the inter-sheet spacing. It has been found that under these circumstances the power consumption for a given heating effect along the courses of the joints is less than when using conductors whose said dimension is equal to or greater than said spacing.
  • the inductor is arranged so that (as viewed perpendicularly to the plane of the loop, by which is meant the plane containing the longitudinal axis of the inductor) the path of the inductor is at a substantially uniform spacing from the course of the joint(s) to be formed. This condition is usually most favourable for efficient use of the power source.
  • the size of the gap between the conductor loop and the work has an effect on the power consumption for bonding any given panel.
  • the gap between the joint or joints to be formed and the conductors at all points along the course of the joint or joints is less than the height of the conductors composing the loop.
  • the said gap between the joint or joints to be formed and the conductors of the loop is less than 30 mm.
  • the electrically conductive material which constitutes or is in contact with the bonding medium forms a continuous conductive path around the margin of the panel. This gives a much better power transfer from the inductor loop since the loop and conductive material then act as a transformer and the conductive material is heated by circulating current.
  • the conductors are preferably of rectangular section.
  • the inductor loop comprises a plurality of conductors which are relatively displaceable for varying the size of the loop.
  • An important advantage of an adjustable loop is that it can be used for heating bonding medium along the margin of a second panel different in size from the first panel, after adjusting the loop to suit that second panel.
  • An adjustable loop has the further advantage that when manufacturing panels of a given size, the gap between the inductor and the course of the joint to be formed can be varied for varying the heating effect, e.g. to suit different heat-activatable bonding media, and to achieve the best coupling between the loop and the work. This is especially important for rapid series production of panels of different sizes.
  • a rectangular loop composed of conductors which are relatively displaceable so that each of the length and breadth dimensions of the rectangle can be varied.
  • adjacent conductors are releasably or displaceably held in electrical contact with each other so that the conductors can be arranged in different relative positions for varying the dimensions or the dimensions and the shape of the loop.
  • the contacts between the conductors may be of a kind permitting relative sliding movement of adjacent conductors.
  • releasable clamp connections can be employed.
  • the loop comprises a plurality of tubular bar or rod conductors electrically connected in series by electrical conductors which are flexible so that they permit relative movement of said tubular bars or rods for varying the dimensions or the dimensions and the shape of the loop.
  • Use can be made of such flexible connecting conductors instead of or in addition to releasable or displaceable contacts as above referred to. When both types of connections are used the flexible conductors preserve the integrity of the loop in the event of failure or impairment of any of the releasable contacts.
  • Each of a plurality of tubular bar conductors forming the loop can be independently cooled by passage of fluid coolant along the tube.
  • the tubular bar conductor or conductors can be of any suitable material.
  • use is made of tubular bars made of copper and plated with chromium.
  • For making direct bar-to-bar contact it is very suitable to provide the bars or certain of the bars with attached contact portions, e.g. portions made of silver.
  • solder is used as the heat-activatable bonding medium.
  • the glazing sheets Preparatory to being soldered the glazing sheets should be metallised along the course of the joint to be formed. It is an advantageous procedure to apply solder along the metallised sheet margins preparatory to assembling the sheets or the sheets and the separate spacer(s) if such is or are used, ready for the induction heating step. Such pre-applications of solder are recommended for promoting high joint quality.
  • the use of solder joints has a particular application for example in the manufacture of double glazing units comprising sheets of glass connected to an intervening metal spacer rail at the margin of the unit.
  • the bonding medium used is a heat-activatable adhesive.
  • a type of hot-melt adhesive can be used, in which case the heat-activation is no more than a melting or softening operation and the bonding occurs on cooling of the adhesive.
  • Suitable heat-sensitive adhesive compositions include polymeric compositions comprising a copolymer of ethylene with one or more hydroxy or epoxy lower aliphatic monoesters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, or with methacrylic acid and with a vinyl ester or an acrylic or methacrylic ester, as disclosed in United Kingdom patent specifications Nos. 1 227 943 and 1 307 843.
  • Useful information concerning these types of bonding media and cross-linking or vulcanisation agents for use in conjunction therewith is contained in United Kingdom patent specification No. 1, 589 878.
  • Electrically conductive elements may be present in external surface contact with a heat-activatable adhesive composition as above referred to, along the course of the joint.
  • a heat-activatable adhesive composition as above referred to, along the course of the joint.
  • a metal spacer rail and this strip is bonded to the panel sheets by said adhesive composition.
  • the panel sheets can be connected in spaced relation by means of a spacer strip or ribbon which is composed of a said adhesive composition, the margins of the sheets bearing electrically conductive coatings e.g. coatings of copper, in contact with such strip or ribbon.
  • electrically conductive material can be incorporated in the heat-activatable adhesive composition instead of or in addition to providing electrically conductive material in external surface contact therewith.
  • a vulcanisable rubber-type adhesive composition can incorporate particles of ferromagnetic material such as material selected from: iron, nickel and cobalt and their alloys e.g. an Fe-Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Mn, Ni-Cr or Ni-Mn alloy; carbon copper, silver, gold, aluminium, silicon and their alloys; and barium ferrite.
  • the inter-sheet bond between the sheets of the panel can be peripherally continuous, or it may be interrupted at one or more local zones. Such an interruption may for example be for the purpose of enabling gas to have access to the inter-sheet space.
  • Apparatus according to the invention comprises induction heating means suitable for induction heating heat-activatable bonding medium present along the margin of an assembly of facing polygonal sheets to cause said sheets to be bonded together, characterised in that said induction heating means comprises an inductor in the form of a polygonal loop which can lead round the edge of a said assembly, each side of said loop being formed by a conductor or conductors of tubular bar or of rod form, and wherein at least one side of the loop is movable relative to one or more other sides of the loop.
  • each said conductor is constituted as a fluid-tight tube.
  • the apparatus comprises means for conducting fluid coolant through each tube, independently of the other tube of tubes. Such a cooling system is quite easy to arrange notwithstanding the fact that the bars may be and preferably are relatively displaceable.
  • loop conductors of adjacent sides of the loop are releasably or displaceably held in electrical contact with each other.
  • the loop conductors can be connected in series by electrical conductors which are flexible so that they permit relative movement of said loop conductors for varying the dimensions of the shape of the loop.
  • Each side of said loop is preferably movable relative to each other side of the loop so that the heating means of the invention can be used for bonding glazing panels of different sizes and/or shapes.
  • At least one side of the inductor loop is bodily movable parallel with itself and relative to one or more other sides of the loop.
  • each of two loop components forming adjacent sides of the loop may be bodily displaceable towards and away from its respective opposite side, while those two opposite sides define a spatially fixed corner zone.
  • all four sides of such a rectangular loop may be bodily displaceable so that the shape, size and position of the loop can be varied.
  • the loop conductors can be supported by rigid members forming parts of a support frame.
  • At least one side of the inductor loop is carried by a guided displaceable beam.
  • Said conductors are preferably of rectangular section.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a second embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a detail view of part of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of an inductor loop
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 show details of three different panel assemblies.
  • a fixed frame (not shown) of the apparatus carries fixed bearings 1, 2 and 3, 4 respectively for a pair of longitudinal worms 5, 6 which are connected to a common drive shaft 7 by bevel gears and a bevel gear transmission shaft 8 so that they may be rotated in synchronism.
  • Worm follower carriages 9, 10 are mounted on the two longitudinal worms 5, 6 for longitudinal movement along them and a transverse worm 11 is suspended from these carriages for bodily displacement therewith.
  • a second transverse worm 12 is mounted in the fixed bearing 1 and another fixed bearing (not shown) located near the other end of such worm.
  • Worm follower carriages 16, 17 are mounted on the transverse worms 11, 12 for transverse movement along them.
  • the fixed bearing 1 and the carriages 9, 16 and 17 form the corners of a rectangular area the size of which can be varied.
  • the carriages 9 and 16 can be displaced towards or away from the bearing 1 and carriage 17.
  • the transverse worms 11 and 12 By rotation of the transverse worms 11 and 12 the carriage 16 and 17 can be displaced towards or away from the bearing 1 and carriage 9.
  • the rotation of worms 11 and 12 is effected by synchronised electric motors (not shown).
  • a rail 18 has one end fixed to carriage 16 and is slidably supported in the carriage 17.
  • the said frame corners assist in the support of four stiff conductors 19, 20, 21, 22.
  • the first of these conductors 19 is supported between the fixed bearing 1 and another fixed bearing 23 and runs parallel to and beneath the first longitudinal worm 5.
  • the second conductor 20 is slidably supported by the fixed bearing 1 and has one end supported by the carriage 17.
  • the third conductor 21 has one end supported by the carriage 16, the other end by the rail 18 and is slidably supported by the carriage 17.
  • the fourth conductor 22 is supported between the carriages 9, 10.
  • the worms 5, 11 and 12 and the rail 18 accordingly constitute sides of a rigid support frame for the four conductors 19-22.
  • the conductors 19 to 22 all lie at the same level. If desired they may be connected to their supports by jacks so that they are vertically movable.
  • the ends of the conductors 20, 21, 22 respectively supported beneath the worm follower carriages 17, 16, 9 are provided with slide contacts (not shown) for forming an electrical contact with a median portion of the cyclically adjacent conductor respectively 21, 22, 19.
  • a current input terminal (not shown) is connected to the end of the first conductor 19, beneath the fixed bearing 1.
  • a second input terminal is connected to the second conductor 20 in the vicinity of bearing 1.
  • such second input terminal can be a slide contact for conductor 20, mounted beneath the fixed hearing 1.
  • the components to be jointed are placed on a support (not shown) so that the peripheral joint or joints to be formed are in or close to the plane of the conductors 19 to 22, the loop formed by such conductors is adjusted to a size just a little greater than the assembly, so that said conductors follow a path close to the marginal course of the joint to be formed, and the induction heating power source is switched on for a time sufficient for activating the heat-activatable bonding medium.
  • the work support is formed by a conveyor which runs parallel to the longitudinal worm 5 and towards the transverse worm 12, or parallel to the transverse worm 12 and towards the longitudinal worm 5.
  • a positioning stop may then be provided beneath the fixed bearing 1 to locate a leading corner of the work in the corner angle formed by the first and second conductors 19, 20.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 A frame comprises a pair of fixed portals 24 linked by longitudinal struts 25.
  • a pair of parallel longitudinal support beams 26, 27 is mounted on the portals 24 for transverse movement, and a pair of parallal transverse support beams 28, 29 are mounted on the longitudinal struts 25 for movement along them.
  • Each support beam 26, 27, 28, 29 has fixed near its ends a pair of downwardly projecting king posts respectively 30, 31, 32, 33 terminating in slides which carry slide bars respectively 34, 35, 36, 37 and each slide bar carries fixed beneath it a mount 38, 39, 40, 41 carrying a rigid conductor respectively 42, 43, 44, 45.
  • Each slide bar includes a slide opening through which a cyclically adjacent slide bar passes.
  • slide bar 34 includes a slide opening 46 through which slide bar 36 passes. (This is shown to an enlarged scale in FIG. 3).
  • Slide bar 35 has a slide opening 47 for slide bar 37
  • slide bar 36 a slide opening 48 for slide bar 35
  • slide bar 37 has a slide opening 49 for slide bar 34.
  • the conductors 42 to 45 form a rectangular loop. Such conductors make sliding contact with each other at the corners of the loop.
  • the rectangular inductor loop formed by the conductors 42 to 45 can not only be varied in size or in size and shape, but it can also be bodily displaced in directions parallel and normal to the portals 24. This enables the work to be located at different positions.
  • FIG. 4 indicates diagrammatically four rigid conductors 50, 51, 52, 53 which may be supported as described with reference to FIGS. 1 or 2.
  • Each conductor may suitably be formed of chromium plated copper tubing to allow the circulation of a coolant such as water as indicated by the arrows.
  • a high frequency electric current generator 54 is switchably connected to a current input end of the first conductor 50 adjacent a median portion of the fourth conductor 53.
  • the second conductor 51 has at one end a slide 55 for making sliding electrical contact along the first conductor 50. That end of the second conductor 51 is also connected to the first conductor 50 at the opposite end to the current source 54 by a flexible shunt 56 in case the slide contact 55 should deteriorate.
  • a slide 57 and shunt 58 similarly connect the third conductor 52 to the second 51 while the fourth conductor 53 is connected to the third conductor 52 by a slide 59 and a shunt 60.
  • the other end of the fourth conductor 53 is connected to the power source 54.
  • the position of a panel assembly ready for induction heating within the loop formed by conductors 50-53 is shown in broken lines.
  • FIG. 5 shows in cross-section a margin of a glazing panel assembly and one side of an inductor loop in the position which it occupies during induction heating of the bonding medium for forming the inter-sheet joints.
  • the glazing panel assembly comprises two glass sheets 61, 62 and an intervening marginal spacer rail 63 of U-shaped cross-section.
  • the margins of the glass sheets Prior to the assembling of the components the margins of the glass sheets are coated with copper on their inside faces. These copper coatings (not shown) were then over-coated with solder layers 64, 65 of about 200 microns in thickness.
  • the outside faces of the opposed flanges of the spacer rail were coated with solder layers 66, 67 of about 20 microns in thickness.
  • the peripheral joints are induction-heated around the entire margin of the assembly.
  • a stiff inductor loop 68 comprising four end-to-end connected rectangular section tubes each extending along one edge of the assembly.
  • the loop can be cooled by circulating coolant through the tubing.
  • FIG. 6 An alternative type of joint which can be formed by means of the invention is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the glass sheets 69, 70 are bonded together by means of a spacer strip 71 formed by extrusion of a heat-activatable composition having the following ingredients:
  • the extrudable composition can be made by mixing together the mutually soluble butyl polymers at 130° C. and after discontinuing the mixing, adding all of the other ingredients with the exception of the vulcanisation accelerator and plasticiser.
  • the vulcanisation accelerator is dispersed in the plasticiser and the resulting suspension then mixed with the mixture of the other ingredients at 60° C.
  • the resulting composition can be extruded at 60° C. to form a strip having a tensile strength of 1 kg/cm 2 and an elongation at break exceeding 800%.
  • the strip can be laid progressively along the margin of the sheet 70 at any suitable time after manufacture of such strip.
  • the sheet 69 can then be located on the strip and the assembly can be subjected to roller pressure to bring the sheet spacing to the required value.
  • the margins of the facing surfaces of the glass sheets are pre-coated with layers 72, 73 of copper.
  • the heat-activatable composition is heated in situ by an induction heating loop which can occupy a position relative to the assembly similar to that of the inductor loop in FIG. 5.
  • the heat generated in the copper layers by the field of the inductor induces the vulcanisation of the strip 71 in situ and bring about its simultaneous adherence to the copper layers.
  • a copper wire was embedded in the centre of the strip 71. This increases the rate of vulcanisation of the core of the strip.
  • the panel assembly shown in FIG. 7 comprises glass sheets 74, 75 and an intervening metal spacer rail 76 of generally U-section. Quantities of heat-activatable adhesive are applied to form layers 77, 78 between the glass sheets and the opposed flanges of the spacer rail. The sides of the rail channel are stepped to form thicker receptive spaces for the adhesive over part of the width of the channel flanges. The adhesive is activated in situ by induction heating the adhesive via the rail 76. The inductor loop can be located round the assembly as in FIG. 5.
  • the heat-activatable adhesive composition used in the panel according to FIG. 6 can be used in the manufacture of a panel as represented in FIG. 7.
  • a panel assembly as shown in FIG. 5 was formed.
  • the panel area measured 40 cm ⁇ 60 cm.
  • Each of the two glass sheets 61 62 was 4 mm in thickness.
  • the channel section spacer rail 63 was made of copper.
  • the width of the channel (its dimension normal to the glass sheets) was 12 mm and the width of the flanges forming the opposed channel sides was 4 mm.
  • the margins of the glass sheets were coated with copper on their inner faces as known per se in double glazing unit construction and the copper coatings as well as the exterior faces of the spacer rail flanges were pre-coated with solder before assembly of the sheets and spacer rail.
  • a rectangular inductor loop formed from four rectangular section tubular bars made of chromium-coated copper was used for the induction heating operation.
  • the outside cross-sectional dimensions of the bars were 9 mm ⁇ 4 mm and they were orientated as shown in FIG. 5 with their wider (9 mm) faces normal to the planes of the glass sheets.
  • the inductor was located so that at all points along the course of the loop the horizontal distance between the inductor and the edge of the panel assembly was 2 mm and the loop was disposed symmetrically with respect to a plane mid-way between the sheet planes.
  • solder bonding could be effected in a time of less than 10 seconds, the maximum power applied during that time being 10 KW, the generator frequency being 16.6 KHz.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
US06/498,572 1982-05-28 1983-05-26 Glazing panels and their bonding Expired - Fee Related US4506125A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08215715A GB2122057B (en) 1982-05-28 1982-05-28 Glazing panels
GB8215715 1982-05-28

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US (1) US4506125A (fr)
JP (1) JPS58213658A (fr)
AT (1) AT384606B (fr)
BE (1) BE896810A (fr)
CA (1) CA1207136A (fr)
CH (1) CH653319A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3318815A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK160419C (fr)
ES (2) ES523043A0 (fr)
FR (1) FR2527885B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2122057B (fr)
IT (1) IT1159444B (fr)
NL (1) NL8301868A (fr)
SE (1) SE452491B (fr)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4820365A (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-04-11 Dimension Industries, Inc. Glass edge sealant curing system
US6054001A (en) * 1998-02-17 2000-04-25 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle assembly line-side heat activation of a "ready-to-install" window fixing adhesive for attachment of a vehicle window to a vehicle
US6203639B1 (en) 1998-02-17 2001-03-20 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle assembly line-side heat activation of a “ready-to-install” window fixing adhesive for attachment of a vehicle window to a vehicle
US20080216960A1 (en) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-11 Huettinger Elektronik Gmbh + Co. Kg Flexible Inductor for the Inductive Sealing of Packages
US20120222373A1 (en) * 2009-11-18 2012-09-06 Agc Glass Europe Method for manufacturing insulating glazing
US20140161999A1 (en) * 2011-07-04 2014-06-12 Reflex, Gornja Radgona, D.O.O. Multi chamber filled construction panel
CN106587663A (zh) * 2016-12-13 2017-04-26 贵州杰傲建材有限责任公司 夹胶玻璃隔离加热装置
US10160162B2 (en) * 2013-04-10 2018-12-25 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Induction sealing device and method for manufacturing an induction sealing device
US10899082B2 (en) 2017-07-17 2021-01-26 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Inductor coil for induction welding of a packaging material
US10994495B2 (en) 2015-11-27 2021-05-04 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Sealing device with increased robustness
US20210285275A1 (en) * 2018-08-09 2021-09-16 Basf Se Adhesive joining and reinforcement of glass packets in sash profiles
US11370571B2 (en) 2017-07-18 2022-06-28 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Induction sealing device
US11466508B2 (en) * 2017-10-30 2022-10-11 Technoform Glass Insulation Holding Gmbh Spacer for photovoltaic applications
US11534985B2 (en) 2016-05-02 2022-12-27 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Induction sealing system
US11548238B2 (en) 2018-09-10 2023-01-10 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Method for forming a tube and a method and a packaging machine for forming a package
US11554555B2 (en) 2017-05-30 2023-01-17 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Apparatus for sealing the top of a package for a food product and system for forming and filling a food package
US11820540B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2023-11-21 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Packaging apparatus for forming sealed packages

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FR2558941B1 (fr) * 1984-01-26 1986-05-02 Cem Comp Electro Mec Dispositif de chauffage de produits plats au defile par induction electromagnetique
DE3545418A1 (de) * 1985-10-17 1987-04-23 Gartner & Co J Abstandshalter
DE8812216U1 (fr) * 1988-09-27 1990-02-08 Helmut Lingemann Gmbh & Co, 5600 Wuppertal, De
ES2047081T3 (es) * 1988-09-27 1994-02-16 Lingemann Helmut Gmbh & Co Separador para cristal aislante de varias lunas.
DE19807099C2 (de) * 1998-02-20 2000-02-17 G H Induction Deutschland Indu Induktive Erwärmung von Metallen
DE29804574U1 (de) * 1998-03-16 1999-01-28 Kuka Schweissanlagen Gmbh Induktor für eine induktive Heizeinrichtung
CN102079619B (zh) * 2009-11-27 2012-02-15 洛阳兰迪玻璃机器股份有限公司 一种玻璃板复合封接方法

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GB1167193A (en) * 1965-10-21 1969-10-15 Heller William C Jun Apparatus and Process for Induction Heating.
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GB1585823A (en) * 1977-05-25 1981-03-11 Bfg Glassgroup Soldered multiple glazing unit
GB1589878A (en) * 1976-11-26 1981-05-20 Bfg Glassgroup Method of manufacturing a hollow panel

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GB831166A (en) * 1956-07-31 1960-03-23 Erland Samuel Ljungdahl Improvements in or relating to methods of producing composite units each comprising first and second objects of glass or other vitreous material and a corrugated metal foil
GB1167193A (en) * 1965-10-21 1969-10-15 Heller William C Jun Apparatus and Process for Induction Heating.
GB1227943A (fr) * 1967-03-23 1971-04-15
GB1307843A (en) * 1969-05-08 1973-02-21 Ici Ltd Laminates
GB1506282A (en) * 1974-03-18 1978-04-05 Scanglas As Insulating window panes
GB1589878A (en) * 1976-11-26 1981-05-20 Bfg Glassgroup Method of manufacturing a hollow panel
GB1585823A (en) * 1977-05-25 1981-03-11 Bfg Glassgroup Soldered multiple glazing unit

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4820365A (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-04-11 Dimension Industries, Inc. Glass edge sealant curing system
US6054001A (en) * 1998-02-17 2000-04-25 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle assembly line-side heat activation of a "ready-to-install" window fixing adhesive for attachment of a vehicle window to a vehicle
US6203639B1 (en) 1998-02-17 2001-03-20 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle assembly line-side heat activation of a “ready-to-install” window fixing adhesive for attachment of a vehicle window to a vehicle
US6521083B1 (en) 1998-02-17 2003-02-18 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle assembly line-side heat activation of a “ready-to-install” window fixing adhesive for attachment of a vehicle window to a vehicle
US6599386B2 (en) 1998-02-17 2003-07-29 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle assembly line-side heat activation of a “Ready-To-Install” window fixing adhesive for attachment of a vehicle window to a vehicle
US8360125B2 (en) 2007-03-06 2013-01-29 Huettinger Elektronik Gmbh + Co. Kg Flexible inductor for the inductive sealing of packages
US20080216960A1 (en) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-11 Huettinger Elektronik Gmbh + Co. Kg Flexible Inductor for the Inductive Sealing of Packages
US9458058B2 (en) 2009-11-18 2016-10-04 Agc Glass Europe Method for manufacturing insulating glazing
US8857698B2 (en) * 2009-11-18 2014-10-14 Agc Glass Europe Method for manufacturing insulating glazing
US20120222373A1 (en) * 2009-11-18 2012-09-06 Agc Glass Europe Method for manufacturing insulating glazing
US20140161999A1 (en) * 2011-07-04 2014-06-12 Reflex, Gornja Radgona, D.O.O. Multi chamber filled construction panel
US10160162B2 (en) * 2013-04-10 2018-12-25 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Induction sealing device and method for manufacturing an induction sealing device
US10994495B2 (en) 2015-11-27 2021-05-04 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Sealing device with increased robustness
US11534985B2 (en) 2016-05-02 2022-12-27 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Induction sealing system
CN106587663A (zh) * 2016-12-13 2017-04-26 贵州杰傲建材有限责任公司 夹胶玻璃隔离加热装置
US11554555B2 (en) 2017-05-30 2023-01-17 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Apparatus for sealing the top of a package for a food product and system for forming and filling a food package
US10899082B2 (en) 2017-07-17 2021-01-26 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Inductor coil for induction welding of a packaging material
US11370571B2 (en) 2017-07-18 2022-06-28 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Induction sealing device
US11466508B2 (en) * 2017-10-30 2022-10-11 Technoform Glass Insulation Holding Gmbh Spacer for photovoltaic applications
US20210285275A1 (en) * 2018-08-09 2021-09-16 Basf Se Adhesive joining and reinforcement of glass packets in sash profiles
US11655667B2 (en) * 2018-08-09 2023-05-23 Basf Se Adhesive joining and reinforcement of glass packets in sash profiles
US11548238B2 (en) 2018-09-10 2023-01-10 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Method for forming a tube and a method and a packaging machine for forming a package
US11820540B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2023-11-21 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Packaging apparatus for forming sealed packages

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3318815A1 (de) 1983-12-01
GB2122057B (en) 1985-10-23
JPH0453826B2 (fr) 1992-08-27
DK160419B (da) 1991-03-11
CA1207136A (fr) 1986-07-08
SE8302970L (sv) 1983-11-29
JPS58213658A (ja) 1983-12-12
SE8302970D0 (sv) 1983-05-26
ATA189683A (de) 1987-05-15
BE896810A (fr) 1983-11-24
NL8301868A (nl) 1983-12-16
DK239983A (da) 1983-11-29
ES523042A0 (es) 1984-05-16
DK160419C (da) 1991-08-19
IT1159444B (it) 1987-02-25
GB2122057A (en) 1984-01-04
FR2527885B1 (fr) 1986-07-25
IT8367557A0 (it) 1983-05-20
ES8404597A1 (es) 1984-05-16
ES523043A0 (es) 1984-05-16
ES8404596A1 (es) 1984-05-16
DK239983D0 (da) 1983-05-27
SE452491B (sv) 1987-11-30
FR2527885A1 (fr) 1983-12-02
CH653319A5 (fr) 1985-12-31
AT384606B (de) 1987-12-10

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