US4385797A - Light-emitting device coupled to an optical fibre - Google Patents

Light-emitting device coupled to an optical fibre Download PDF

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Publication number
US4385797A
US4385797A US06/160,704 US16070480A US4385797A US 4385797 A US4385797 A US 4385797A US 16070480 A US16070480 A US 16070480A US 4385797 A US4385797 A US 4385797A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cavity
sleeve
rings
ring
optical fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US06/160,704
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English (en)
Inventor
Jean-Claude Dubois
Gerard Mourgues
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Assigned to U.S. PHILIPS CORPORATION, A CORP OF DE. reassignment U.S. PHILIPS CORPORATION, A CORP OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: DUBOIS, JEAN-CLAUDE, MOURGUES, GERARD
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Publication of US4385797A publication Critical patent/US4385797A/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4202—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details for coupling an active element with fibres without intermediate optical elements, e.g. fibres with plane ends, fibres with shaped ends, bundles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4248—Feed-through connections for the hermetical passage of fibres through a package wall
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/34—Director, elements to supervisory
    • G05B2219/34215—Microprocessor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/4805—Shape
    • H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
    • H01L2224/48091—Arched

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with a light-emitting device coupled to an optical fiber.
  • the light-emitting device is an essentially Lambertian source of emission on the surface of a semiconductor crystal mounted on a base.
  • the receiving end of at least one optical fiber is held in position in front of the emitter with the aid of two flexible rings fitted in a cavity in a metal sleeve.
  • the rings, sleeve, and base together form an air-tight protective container having an axial passage through which the optical fiber passes.
  • optical fibers consisting of a cylindrical core and a sheath with a refractive index different from that of the core, in fact offer the advantage of being insensitive to unwanted external interference. They also have a lower attenuation coefficient than traditional coaxial cables, so that they can be used in high frequency ranges on the order of gigahertz.
  • a single fiber is generally used to form an optical connection. It is either single-mode when it operates with very directional and coherent source of radiation, it is multimode when the source is not monochromatic. Nevertheless, in certain cases, particularly for reasons of security in transmission, a number of fibers may be grouped into a bundle in an envelope to form an optical connection.
  • optical fiber or a bundle of optical fibers nevertheless presents a certain number of difficulties, particularly with regard to its or their coupling to the source of emission.
  • the sources of emission used are light-emitting diodes formed on the surface of a semiconductor crystal. These diodes transmit light from that surface either directly to the outside, or indirectly after passing through the material composing the crystal.
  • the light is emitted according to a law comparable to Lambert's law. to ensure optimum transmission of data, it is therefore desirable to maximizing the light entering the fiber, or the bundle of fibers, and therefore to exercise the greatest care in centering the source of emission and fixing its distance in relation to the receiving face of the fiber or bundle of fibers.
  • the severity of this problem increases as the cross-section of the receiving face of the fiber or of the bundle of fiber becomes smaller than the surface of the source of emission.
  • the mutual centering and the maintenance in position of the source of emission and of the fiber or the bundle of fibers may be effected by a well-known procedure which consists principally in fixing the source of emission on a base and applying a radial pressure to the fiber or bundle of fibers with the aid of, for example, at least one flexible and elastic ring.
  • This deformation must be sufficient to keep the optical fiber in place but must not cause the fiber to crack or break.
  • the existence of several clamping points means that the radial pressure applied to the optical fiber should be equally distributed between them so as to avoid internal deformation of the crystal structure of the fiber or even its breakage. This problem becomes more acute as the diameter of the fiber becomes smaller.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a simple and effective optical coupling device which can be rapidly implemented and which is suitable for various kinds of optical fibers, particularly small-diameter optical fibers.
  • the invention provides a light emitting device coupled to an optical fiber comprising an essentially Lambertian source of emission on the surface of a semiconductor crystal mounted on a base. At least one optical fiber, whose end is adapted to receive the radiation emitted by the source of emission, is held in position by two flexible rings fitted into a cavity in a metal sleeve.
  • the metal sleeve and the base form a protective air-tight case having an axial passage through which the fiber passes.
  • the rings each have a conical portion, the first ring fitting into one end of the cavity which has been given an essentially identical shape and the second ring fitting into a corresponding conical recess formed in a movable end fitting which slides freely in the cavity in the metal sleeve.
  • the non-conical portions of the two rings face each other and are separated by a rigid bushing.
  • the rings are compressible against the end of the cavity in the metal sleeve so as to immobilize the optical fiber in the appropriate position by means of a clamping ring inserted in the sleeve and pressing on the movable end fitting.
  • the assembly formed by the two flexible rings, the bushing and the clamping ring is used for placing the optical fiber essentially on the axis of the metal sleeve and for essentially hermetically sealing the fiber in the sleeve.
  • the fiber is subsequently aligned with and spaced from the source of emission by other means.
  • the source of emission and the end of the optical fiber enclosed in the protective housing formed by the substrate and the metal sleeve form a fixed and preset subassembly which can be used to advantage to form a connector.
  • the distance between the semi-conductor crystal and the receiving end of the optical fiber is occupied by a transparent resin with a refractive index equal to that of the core of the fiber.
  • the substrate carrying the source of emission, and the metal sleeve are generally cylindrical.
  • all the main elements in the subassembly may also be cylindrical.
  • clamping ring acting on the movable end fitting is a threaded ring screwing into the wall of the cavity of the metal sleeve.
  • the source of emission in the optical device according to the invention may be a light-emitting diode made from a Group III-V compound.
  • the flexible rings are made of a polymerized synthetic material such as polyamide, tetrafluorethylene or acetal, with the bushing being made preferably of iron-nickel and the sleeve of nickel.
  • the flexible rings may be of a deformable metal such as tin, lead, indium or gold or of an alloy comprising, inter alia, at least one of those materials.
  • the present invention also provides a process for implementing the optical coupling, in which the end of an optical fiber is inserted in the cavity of a metal sleeve having at one end a first flexible ring separated from a second flexible ring by a rigid bushing.
  • Each of the rings comprises at least one conical part.
  • the longitudinal positioning of the optical fiber in the sleeve is carried out with the aid of a gauge placed flat against the receiving end of the fiber in order to precisely set the distance between the receiving end and the source of emission.
  • the alignment of the source of emission with the receiving end of the fiber is improved further by lateral adjustment of the base relative to the sleeve before the latter is fixed in position. This adjustment is achieved by suitable means. It is, for example, possible to use a light-receiver coupled to the other end of the optical fiber, which receives the light from the source of emission when the latter is operated. The best adjustment corresponds to the maximum light received.
  • the optical fiber generally consists of a core and a cladding both of transparent substances such as glass but with different refractive indices.
  • the fiber is covered with a protective coating of an opaque plastic material.
  • the flexible rings may be made either of a synthetic material or of a soft metal.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of embodiments of the metal sleeve and the rings forming part of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically and in cross-section an entire optical coupling device according to the invention.
  • the metal sleeve 1 which forms a portion of the protective housing of the optical device, contains a cavity 2.
  • End 3 of cavity 2 has a conical configuration.
  • Cavity 2 is generally cylindrical in shape.
  • An axial passage 4 connects end 3 of cavity 2 to the outside of sleeve 1.
  • An optical fiber can be passed through passage 4.
  • End 5 of the cavity 2, opposite to end 3, is threaded over a predetermined distance.
  • the metal sleeve ends in a shoulder 6 which has on its surface 6a a continuous ridge 6b which is essentially triangular in section.
  • the metal sleeve 1 will preferably be made of nickel but might be made from any other metal which is sufficiently rigid, is not porous, and which can adhere to the substrate which will carry the source of emission.
  • flexible rings 7 and 8, separated by a bushing 9, will be inserted in cavity 2 of the sleeve 1 upon assembling the optical coupling.
  • Rings 7 and 8 have the shape of a truncated cone, the cone angle of ring 7 being essentially identical to that of end 3 of cavity 2 in sleeve 1.
  • the rings 7 and 8 may be made from a polyamide such as that known under the trade name of "nylon", or of tetrafluoroethylene, or preferably from an acetal resin such as, in particular, that known under the trade name to "Delrin”. They may also be made from a deformable soft metal, chosen either singly or in any combination, from the series comprising tin, lead, indium and gold.
  • Bushing 9 is made of iron-nickel and forms a tube whose external diameter, d, is essentially equal to diameter, D, of the cylindrical portion of cavity 2 of metal sleeve 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows the construction of an optical device embodying the invention.
  • the optical device comprises an optical fiber 10 consisting of a cladding and a core of transparent substances with different refractive indices.
  • the cladding and the core are represented in the fiber by a single reference 10a.
  • This fiber 10 is covered with a protective coating 10b of an opaque plastic.
  • the fiber has been stripped of its coating 10b over the portion which has to be introduced into metal sleeve 1.
  • the optical fiber 10 introduced into sleeve 1 via passage 4 is clamped by means of rings 7 and 8, which are separated by bushing 9.
  • the pressure exerted on the rings 7 and 8 is obtained by tightening a threaded clamping ring 11 in threaded portion 5 of cavity 2.
  • the ring 11 rests on a movable end fitting 12 containing a conical recess 13 with a cone angle essentially identical to that of ring 8.
  • the sleeve After positioning optical fiber 10 in sleeve 1, the sleeve is placed vertically against a metallic base 14 carrying the source of emission 15 and incorporating output terminals 16 and 17.
  • the sleeve 1 With the aid of the source of emission, 15 and of a light-receiver connected to the output end of the optical fiber opposite the receiving end 19, it is possible to determine the optimum site for the sleeve 1 on the base. Once this site has been determined, the sleeve 1 can be fixed permanently to the base, preferably by crimping ridge 6b.
  • the source of emission 15 is preferably a light-emitting diode radiating from its acitve surface 15a in accordance with Lamert's law.
  • Diode 15 comprises two regions with opposite types of conduction, one of which is connected directly by the base to output terminal 16 and the other to output 17 (insulated from the base) via a wire 18.
  • This diode may consist of, for example, a semiconductor crystal made from a III-V compound.
  • optical connection between the receiving end 19 of fiber 10 and the source of emission 15 can be improved by applying a drop of transparent polymerizable resin (not shown in FIG. 3) with a refractive index equal to that of the core of fiber 10.
  • This drop will, in that case, preferably be deposited on the end 19 of fiber 10 before it is lined up with surface 15a of crystal 15.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)
US06/160,704 1979-06-20 1980-06-18 Light-emitting device coupled to an optical fibre Expired - Lifetime US4385797A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7915841A FR2459555A1 (fr) 1979-06-20 1979-06-20 Dispositif emetteur de lumiere pour transmission par fibres optiques
FR7915841 1979-06-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4385797A true US4385797A (en) 1983-05-31

Family

ID=9226881

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/160,704 Expired - Lifetime US4385797A (en) 1979-06-20 1980-06-18 Light-emitting device coupled to an optical fibre

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4385797A (fr)
JP (2) JPS564289A (fr)
DE (1) DE3022485A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2459555A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2054194B (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0137485A2 (fr) * 1983-10-12 1985-04-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elément de traversée en fibre de verre dans une ouverture de boîtier
US4687290A (en) * 1984-02-17 1987-08-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Protective tube arrangement for a glass fiber
US4708429A (en) * 1985-09-26 1987-11-24 Rca Corporation Optical fiber assembly and optically coupled device package including same
US4741589A (en) * 1983-10-21 1988-05-03 Alcatel N.V. Coupler for optical waveguides
US4752109A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-06-21 Amp Incorporated Optoelectronics package for a semiconductor laser
US4762386A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-08-09 Amp Incorporated Optical fiber assembly including means utilizing a column load to compensate for thermal effects
US4762395A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-08-09 Amp Incorporated Lens assembly for optical coupling with a semiconductor laser
US4818053A (en) * 1986-09-02 1989-04-04 Amp Incorporated Optical bench for a semiconductor laser and method
US4834479A (en) * 1986-12-11 1989-05-30 American Telephone And Telegraph Company High and low pressure fluidblock assembly
US5594826A (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-01-14 Welch Allyn, Inc. Interchangeable nose adapter
US6220766B1 (en) * 1998-07-06 2001-04-24 Bookham Technology Plc Hermetically sealed package and method of assembly
US6538901B1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2003-03-25 Chen-Hung Hung Optical transceiver module
US20130043672A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2013-02-21 Waters Technologies Corporation Fluidic Coupler Assembly With Conical Ferrule
US20190129108A1 (en) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-02 Versalume LLC Modular Laser Connector Packaging System and Method
US10551542B1 (en) 2018-12-11 2020-02-04 Corning Incorporated Light modules and devices incorporating light modules

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60140009U (ja) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-17 日本航空電子工業株式会社 光電素子モジユ−ル
GB2177229A (en) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-14 Thorn Emi Cable Television Lim Connector
FR2645394B1 (fr) * 1989-03-28 1991-05-31 Radiotechnique Compelec Boitier pour composant opto-electronique
US20060091411A1 (en) 2004-10-29 2006-05-04 Ouderkirk Andrew J High brightness LED package
US7677780B2 (en) 2007-02-20 2010-03-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Light guide orientation connector

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4166672A (en) * 1976-07-27 1979-09-04 Itt Industries, Inc. Optical fiber connector
US4184741A (en) * 1978-02-27 1980-01-22 Corning Glass Works Filament-to-device coupler

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US2816949A (en) * 1952-11-17 1957-12-17 Thomas & Betts Corp Armoured cable mounting
DE2207900B1 (de) * 1972-02-19 1972-10-12 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Kupplungselement für Lichtleitfaserkabel
FR2262407B1 (fr) * 1974-02-22 1977-09-16 Radiotechnique Compelec
DE7519901U (de) * 1975-06-23 1975-11-13 Planck M Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Wissenschaften Lichtleiterkupplung
FR2338500A1 (fr) * 1976-01-14 1977-08-12 Thomson Csf Dispositif de connexion detachable pour fibres optiques
FR2405488A1 (fr) * 1977-10-07 1979-05-04 Radiotechnique Compelec Dispositif optique pour connecteur destine a la transmission par fibres et son procede de realisation
DE7808002U1 (de) * 1978-03-14 1978-06-29 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Kupplungsteil zum ankoppeln eines lichtwellenleiters an ein fotohalbleiterelement

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4166672A (en) * 1976-07-27 1979-09-04 Itt Industries, Inc. Optical fiber connector
US4184741A (en) * 1978-02-27 1980-01-22 Corning Glass Works Filament-to-device coupler

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0137485A2 (fr) * 1983-10-12 1985-04-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elément de traversée en fibre de verre dans une ouverture de boîtier
US4707066A (en) * 1983-10-12 1987-11-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Glass fiber bushing through a wall opening of a housing and method of manufacture
EP0137485B1 (fr) * 1983-10-12 1988-06-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elément de traversée en fibre de verre dans une ouverture de boîtier
US4741589A (en) * 1983-10-21 1988-05-03 Alcatel N.V. Coupler for optical waveguides
US4687290A (en) * 1984-02-17 1987-08-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Protective tube arrangement for a glass fiber
US4708429A (en) * 1985-09-26 1987-11-24 Rca Corporation Optical fiber assembly and optically coupled device package including same
US4752109A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-06-21 Amp Incorporated Optoelectronics package for a semiconductor laser
US4762386A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-08-09 Amp Incorporated Optical fiber assembly including means utilizing a column load to compensate for thermal effects
US4762395A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-08-09 Amp Incorporated Lens assembly for optical coupling with a semiconductor laser
US4818053A (en) * 1986-09-02 1989-04-04 Amp Incorporated Optical bench for a semiconductor laser and method
US4834479A (en) * 1986-12-11 1989-05-30 American Telephone And Telegraph Company High and low pressure fluidblock assembly
US5594826A (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-01-14 Welch Allyn, Inc. Interchangeable nose adapter
US6220766B1 (en) * 1998-07-06 2001-04-24 Bookham Technology Plc Hermetically sealed package and method of assembly
US6538901B1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2003-03-25 Chen-Hung Hung Optical transceiver module
US20130043672A1 (en) * 2009-12-22 2013-02-21 Waters Technologies Corporation Fluidic Coupler Assembly With Conical Ferrule
US9707558B2 (en) * 2009-12-22 2017-07-18 Waters Technologies Corporation Fluidic coupler assembly with conical ferrule
US20190129108A1 (en) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-02 Versalume LLC Modular Laser Connector Packaging System and Method
WO2019089732A3 (fr) * 2017-10-31 2020-04-02 Versalume, Llc Système et procédé de conditionnement de connecteur de laser modulaire
US10838158B2 (en) 2017-10-31 2020-11-17 Corning Incorporated Modular laser connector packaging system and method
US10551542B1 (en) 2018-12-11 2020-02-04 Corning Incorporated Light modules and devices incorporating light modules
US10598840B1 (en) 2018-12-11 2020-03-24 Corning Incorporated Light modules and devices incorporating light modules
US10768352B2 (en) 2018-12-11 2020-09-08 Corning Incorporated Light modules and devices incorporating light modules

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2459555B1 (fr) 1981-07-10
FR2459555A1 (fr) 1981-01-09
GB2054194B (en) 1983-03-16
DE3022485A1 (de) 1981-01-22
JPS564289A (en) 1981-01-17
JPS6124965Y2 (fr) 1986-07-28
GB2054194A (en) 1981-02-11
JPS6150908U (fr) 1986-04-05

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AS Assignment

Owner name: U.S. PHILIPS CORPORATION; 100 EAST 42ND ST., NEW Y

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:DUBOIS, JEAN-CLAUDE;MOURGUES, GERARD;REEL/FRAME:004084/0601

Effective date: 19800701

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE