US3929280A - Terminal air outlet device - Google Patents

Terminal air outlet device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3929280A
US3929280A US477331A US47733174A US3929280A US 3929280 A US3929280 A US 3929280A US 477331 A US477331 A US 477331A US 47733174 A US47733174 A US 47733174A US 3929280 A US3929280 A US 3929280A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
air outlet
outlet
chamber
control means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US477331A
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English (en)
Inventor
Leslie John Kloot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cape Air Conditioning Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Cape Air Conditioning Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cape Air Conditioning Pty Ltd filed Critical Cape Air Conditioning Pty Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3929280A publication Critical patent/US3929280A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/76—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F24F2013/0612—Induction nozzles without swirl means

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT 1 pp' A terminal air outlet device for use at a discharge from a building air distribution system comprising a [30] Foreign Application Priority Data housing; a chamber defined within the housing; an July 11, 1973 South Africa 73 4666 inlet leading into the Chamber and being adapted for connection to a building air distribution system; a first [52 US. Cl. 236/1 B; 236/93 air outlet f the chamber through which i i 51 Int. (31.
  • F24F 11/02; F24F 13/08 adapted to be discharged in a first direction; a second [58] Field of Search 98/40 D, 40 C, 1 B, 36, air Outlet from the chamber hr gh whi h ir i 98/93, 41; 137/5253; 165/53 adapted to be discharged in a second direction, which direction is substantially at right angles to the first di- [56] Referen Cit d rection; and control means for regulating air discharge UNITED STATES PATENTS through the first and second outlets.
  • the present invention relates to terminal air outlet devices.
  • a terminal air outlet device for use at a discharge from a building air distribution system, includes:
  • control means for regulating air discharge through the first and second outlets.
  • the first direction may be substantially vertical and the second direction may be substantially horizontal, and heated air may be discharged in the first or vertical direction, and cool air in the second or horizontal direction.
  • the control means may include a first outlet closure member for closing the first air outlet when required so as to allow discharge through the second air outlet only.
  • control means may include a second outlet closure member for closing the second air outlet when required so as to allow discharge through the first air outlet only.
  • the second outlet closure member may be adapted to be moved away for opening the second air outlet when an increased air flow is supplied from the building air distribution system.
  • control means may include a temperature responsive device adapted to operate the first outlet closure member for closing the first air outlet.
  • the temperature responsive device may include a heater member over which air supplied from the building air distribution system is adapted to flow so as to be heated, and, downstream from the heater member, a bellows responsive to variation in temperature of the air passing over it, and a connection member for connecting the bellows to the first outlet closure member for moving it away from the first air outlet when heated air flows over the bellows and towards the first air outlet when cool air flows over the bellows.
  • the control means also may include a closure mechanism for moving the second outlet closure member to close the second air outlet when temperature in a room, served by the terminal outlet device, drops to a particular level.
  • the first outlet closure member when in its position ofclosing the first air outlet, may be adapted to prevent full closure of the second air outlet by the second outlet 2 closure member so as to allow a gap in the second air outlet for air to be discharged.
  • a building air distribution system includes at least one high pressure main air supply duct, a plurality of branch ducts for distribution of air to terminal air outlets in rooms, a volume regulator located between the main air supply duct and each branch duct; a static pressure regulator for regulating the pressure in the branch ducts, and each terminal air outlet including at least one terminal air outlet device as set out herein.
  • a building air distribution system includes at least one high pressure main air supply, a plurality of branch ducts for distribution of air to terminal air outlets in rooms, an expander unit provided between each branch duct and the high pressure main air supply, a volume control unit in each branch duct, a temperature control unit in each branch duct, and each terminal air outlet including at least one air outlet device as set out herein.
  • a method of air discharge from a building air distribution system includes the steps of automatically varying the air discharge by passing heated air substantially downwardly along a window or wall of a room where the room is to be heated, and cool air substantially horizontally along the ceiling of the room, where the room is to be cooled.
  • FIG. 1 a sectional side view of a first embodiment of a terminal air outlet device in accordance with the invention, with its second air outlet closed off;
  • FIG. 2 the device of FIG. 1 but with the second air outlet open;
  • FIG. 3 a sectional side view of a second embodiment of a terminal air outlet device: in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 4 a different type of diffuser for use on a device as illustrated in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 cooling air flow in a room
  • FIG. 6 heating air flow in a room
  • FIG. 7 a layout of a building air distribution system including terminal air devices illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 8 a layout of a building air distribution system including terminal air outlet devices illustrated in FIG.
  • the terminal air outlet device 10 which is of elongated box section, includes a housing 12 defining a chamber 14.
  • the inlet 16 is connected to a pipe 18 for supplying air into the chamber 14 from a building air distribution system (not shown).
  • the chamber 14 has a first air outlet and combined therewith a first fixed air guide means 20 and a second air outlet 22, which leads into a second fixed air guide means 24.
  • the area of the second air outlet 22 may be substantially larger than the area of the first air outlet 20.
  • the second air outlet 22 is normally closed off by a biassed closure plate 26, which is hingedly attached at 28 to the housing 12. This plate 26 can pivot about 28.
  • the air supplied through pipe 18 is heated by heating means (not shown) and passes into the chamber 14.
  • the heated air is deflected by the closure plate 26 and passes out through the first air outlet 20 in the direction of arrow 30.
  • This vertical discharge (direction arrow 30) is utilized to form a layer of air along a window or outer wall of a room.
  • the heated air is transmitted across the wall or window. Thereby an insulating layer is provided and also the air in the room is heated (see also FIG.
  • the air travelling along arrow 34 forms a moving layer along the ceiling of the room and provides a diffuser effect to distribute cool air along the ceiling, moving downwardly along an opposite wall and finally rising against the floor of the room. Cool air is also passed along arrow 30 vertically downwardly (see also FIG. 6).
  • the terminal air outlet device 36 includes a housing 38 defining a chamber 40.
  • the housing 38 is of elongated box section.
  • the inlet 42 is connected to a duct 44 for supplying air from a building air distribution system into the chamber 40.
  • the chamber 40 has an elongated rectangular first air outlet 46 and an elongated rectangular second air outlet 48.
  • the first air outlet 46 leads into a first fixed air guide meansin the form of a diffuser 50, and the second air outlet 48 into a second fixed air guide means in the form of a diffuser 52.
  • the first air outlet 46 is closable by means of a first closure member in the form of a channel-shaped plate 54.
  • a rod 56 is attached pivotably at one end to the plate 54.
  • the outer U-shaped end 58 of the rod 56 is connected to a bellows 60.
  • the bellows 60 is supported by a plate 61 attached to the housing 38. Ahead of the bellows 60, in the inlet pipe 62, there is provided a heater 64.
  • the plate 54 is pivotably mounted at 66.
  • the second air outlet 48 is closable by means of 'a second closure member in the form of a channelshaped plate 68 which is pivotably mounted at 70 to the housing 38.
  • the plate 68 is gravity biassed and can pivot freely about 70. Yet, if necessary, a spring may be provided to force it into its open position.
  • the plate 68 has a striker arm 72.
  • the arm 72 and thus the plate 68, is movable by a plunger rod 74 of a thermostatically controlled actuator 76.
  • the actuator 76 is attached to the pipe 62 by means of the arm 76.1.
  • the rod 74 has an arm 78 adapted to operate a micro-switch 80 attached to the pipe 62, which switch 80 is adapted to close and open the electrical supply circuit of the heater 64.
  • the actuator 76 may be in the form of a pneumatic plunger, an electrically operable solenoid, an actuator operable by gas or liquid expansion, or any other suitable means. Furthermore the actuator 76 may be inverted so that the arm 78 acts on the arm 72 and the rod 74 engages the switch 80.
  • the purpose of the device 36 is to allow warm air to flow vertically downwardly through the first air outlet 46, and cold air horizontally through the second air outlet 48, the y olumetric rate of flow being constant.
  • the operation of the device 36 is as follows:
  • the thermostat (not shown) will cause the actuator 76 to be energized so as to move the plunger rod 74 in the direction of arrow 82 for engaging the arm 72 and for closing the plate 68 against the outlet 48.
  • a resilient sealing layer may be provided around the outlet 48 to facilitate closure).
  • the rod 74 will move the arm 78 against the micro-switch so as to close it.
  • current will be supplied to the heater 64 and warm air to the bellows 60.
  • the bellows 60 are expanded upwardly, the rod 56 will be moved in the direction of arrow 84 and the plate 54 is pivotted in the direction of arrow 86 to its open position shown in dotted lines 54.1. Now the first air outlet 46 is opened.
  • Warm heated air therefore flows vertically downwardly from the first air outlet 46, e.g. down a window or outer wall of a room, in the direction of arrow 88 through the diffuser 50.
  • the rod 74 will keep the plate 68 to close the outlet 48 so that no air flows out of the second outlet 48.
  • the actuator 76 withdraws the rod 74 fully.
  • the air flow will force the plate 68 to its fully open position shown in dotted lines 68.1 and a full flow of cool air will take place through the second air outlet 48 and the guide part 52 to flow substantially horizontally along the ceiling.
  • This diffuser part 50.1 slightly deflects the air away from a vertical direction and is intended where the device 36 is located some distance from a window or wall against which downward flow is to be directed.
  • the condition is shown where it is warm outside the room 92 and cooling is required.
  • the air (which may be cooled) flows from the device 36 (or 10) along the ceiling 94 up to the opposite wall 96, downwardly along the wall 96, and returns along the floor 98 to rise as shown.
  • FIG. 6 the condition is shown where it is cold outside and heating is required.
  • the heated air from the device 36 flows downwardly along the wall 100, which is an outer wall and may contain a window, and along the floor 98 to rise as shown.
  • the warm air buoyancy is used to produce air circulation.
  • FIG. 7 a schematic layout of a building air distribution system 102 is illustrated. Only part of the system is illustrated but it is duplicated for all the other rooms in the building.
  • the multi-storeyed building 104 has a central lift and conduit shaft 106 in which a number of vertical high pressure air supply shafts 108 are provided. Each shaft 108 is joined to an expander unit 110, which also includes a silencer and damper means.
  • the unit 110 again is coupled to one or more volume control units 112, which in turn are joined to one or more terminal air outlet devices 114.
  • Each volume control unit 112 also includes a temperature control means.
  • the devices 114 are the same as the device illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. By means of the control units 112 the temperature may be controlled in each room 116.
  • FIG. 8 a schematic layout of a building air distribution system 118 is illustrated. Only part of the system is illustrated but it is duplicated for all the other rooms in the building.
  • the multi-storeyed building has a central main supply duct 120 with high pressure supply.
  • a number of low pressure branch air supply ducts 122 lead from the main supply duct 120.
  • a volume regulator 124 controlled by a static pressure regulator 126 is provided between the main duct 120 and each branch duct 122 so as to maintain a constant pressure in the branch ducts 122.
  • a sound attenuator could be provided in the duct system connected of the volume regulator 124.
  • Each duct 122 isjoined to a number of terminal ducts 128 which terminate in terminal air outlet devices 130, which are the same as the device 36 illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the device 36 of FIG. 3 is practically a combination of the device 10 (FIGS. 1 and 2) and the volume control unit 1 12 (FIG. 7).
  • the entire distribution system may be of a low pressure design.
  • the static pressure regulator.126 would control the supply from the supply fan (not shown) to the duct 120.
  • a terminal air outlet device for use at a discharge from a building air distribution system, including a. a housing;
  • control means for regulating air discharge through the first and second outlets.
  • control means is responsive to the level of air flow into said chamber.
  • control means is responsive to the temperature of air passing through said chamber.
  • control means is responsive to temperature levels exterior to said chamber and on the downstream sides of said air outlets.
  • a device as claimed in claim 1 which is adapted to discharge heated air in the first direction, and cool air in the second direction.
  • control means includes a first outlet closure member for closing the first air outlet when required so as to allow discharge through the second air outlet only.
  • control means includes a second outlet closure member for closing the second air outlet when required so as to allow discharge through the first air outlet only.
  • control means includes a temperature responsive device adapted to operate the first closure member for closing the first air outlet.
  • the temperature responsive device includes a bellows responsive to variation in temperature of the air passing over it, and a connection member for connecting the bellows to the first closure member for moving it away from the first air outlet when heated air flows over the bellows and towards the first air outlet when cool air flows over the bellows.
  • control means includes a closure mechanism for moving the second closure member to close the second air outlet when temperature in a room, served by the terminal outlet device, drops to a particular level.
  • closure mechanism is of a plunger type mounted to the housing, and of which its plunger rod is adapted to move the second closure member against the second air outlet for closure thereof.
  • a building air distribution system which includes at least one high pressure main. air supply, a plurality of branch ducts for distribution of air to terminal air outlets in rooms, an expander unit provided between each branch duct and the high pressure main air supply, a volume control unit in each branch duct, a temperature control unit in each branch duct and each terminal air outlet including at least one air outlet device comprising a housing; a chamber defined within the housing; an inlet leading into the chamber and being adapted for connection to the branch duct; a first air outlet from the chamber through which air is adapted to be discharged in a first direction; a second air outlet from the chamber through which air is adapted to be discharged in a second direction, which direction is substantially at right angles to the first direction; and control means for regulating air discharge through the first and second outlets.
  • a building air distributions system which includes at least one high pressure main air supply duct, a plurality of branch ducts for distribution of air to terminal air outlets in rooms, a volume regulator located between the main air supply duct and each branch duct; a static pressure regulator for regulating the pressure in the branch ducts, and each terminal air outlet including at least one terminal air outlet device comprising a housing; a chamber defined within the housing; an inlet leading into the chamber and being adapted for connection to a branch duct; a first air outlet from the chamber through which air is adapted to be discharged in a first direction; a second air outlet from the chamber through which air is adapted to be discharged in a second direction, which direction is substantially at right angles to the first direction; and control means for regulating air discharge through the first and second outlets.
  • a terminal air outlet device for use at a discharge from a building air distribution system, including a. a housing;
  • a first fixed air guide means at the first air outlet for guiding air in the first direction
  • control means for regulating air discharge through the firstand second outlets; the control means including a second outlet closure member for closing the second air outlet when required so as to allow discharge through the first outlet only, and the second outlet closure member being biassed towards the second outlet for closure thereof and being adapted to be moved away for opening the second air outlet when an increased air flow is supplied from the building air distribution system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
US477331A 1973-07-11 1974-06-07 Terminal air outlet device Expired - Lifetime US3929280A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA734666A ZA734666B (en) 1973-07-11 1973-07-11 Air conditioning devices and systems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3929280A true US3929280A (en) 1975-12-30

Family

ID=25566554

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US477331A Expired - Lifetime US3929280A (en) 1973-07-11 1974-06-07 Terminal air outlet device

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US3929280A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5038349A (fr)
AR (1) AR208291A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT338475B (fr)
BE (1) BE817285A (fr)
BR (1) BR7405576D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA1010706A (fr)
CH (1) CH574089A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE2428895C3 (fr)
ES (1) ES428165A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2237135B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1478343A (fr)
IT (1) IT1016554B (fr)
NL (1) NL7409194A (fr)
NO (1) NO138420C (fr)
SE (1) SE7409047L (fr)
ZA (1) ZA734666B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080128524A1 (en) * 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Minor Gary A Shape memory alloy actuator
US20100319875A1 (en) * 2009-06-19 2010-12-23 Julian Rimmer Displacement diffuser with heat/cool changeover
JP2014031985A (ja) * 2012-08-06 2014-02-20 Panasonic Corp 空気調和機
EP3772624A1 (fr) 2019-08-05 2021-02-10 Madel Air Technical Diffusion, S.A. Plénum double pour la distribution d'air

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2842924C2 (de) * 1978-10-02 1986-11-06 Gebrüder Trox, GmbH, 4133 Neukirchen-Vluyn Deckenluftauslaß für Klimaanlagen
NL8201410A (nl) * 1982-04-02 1983-11-01 Philips Nv Luchtuitblaasinrichting.
US5261857A (en) * 1992-06-23 1993-11-16 Bart Petterson Ceiling vent with movable vane
US5569078A (en) * 1995-03-06 1996-10-29 Colorado State University Research Foundation Air diffuser having fixed and variable outlet ports
EP1936299A1 (fr) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-25 M. François Clanchet Dispositif heliothermique de chauffage et dispositif de rafraichissement

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3308744A (en) * 1964-12-07 1967-03-14 Barber Colman Co Strip type air distributor
US3389648A (en) * 1965-07-12 1968-06-25 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Device for the supply of ventilating air in rooms
US3575234A (en) * 1969-08-22 1971-04-20 John J Dieckmann Heating and cooling systems
US3811369A (en) * 1972-09-05 1974-05-21 Hess & Cie Metallwarenfab Air outlet for ventilation equipment

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3308744A (en) * 1964-12-07 1967-03-14 Barber Colman Co Strip type air distributor
US3389648A (en) * 1965-07-12 1968-06-25 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Device for the supply of ventilating air in rooms
US3575234A (en) * 1969-08-22 1971-04-20 John J Dieckmann Heating and cooling systems
US3811369A (en) * 1972-09-05 1974-05-21 Hess & Cie Metallwarenfab Air outlet for ventilation equipment

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080128524A1 (en) * 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Minor Gary A Shape memory alloy actuator
US7992795B2 (en) * 2006-11-30 2011-08-09 Air System Components, Inc. Shape memory alloy actuator
US20100319875A1 (en) * 2009-06-19 2010-12-23 Julian Rimmer Displacement diffuser with heat/cool changeover
JP2014031985A (ja) * 2012-08-06 2014-02-20 Panasonic Corp 空気調和機
EP3772624A1 (fr) 2019-08-05 2021-02-10 Madel Air Technical Diffusion, S.A. Plénum double pour la distribution d'air

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA554474A (de) 1976-12-15
NO742357L (fr) 1975-01-14
JPS5038349A (fr) 1975-04-09
CA1010706A (en) 1977-05-24
AR208291A1 (es) 1976-12-20
CH574089A5 (fr) 1976-03-31
NO138420B (no) 1978-05-22
BE817285A (fr) 1974-11-04
FR2237135A1 (fr) 1975-02-07
ZA734666B (en) 1974-10-30
AT338475B (de) 1977-08-25
IT1016554B (it) 1977-06-20
SE7409047L (sv) 1975-01-13
ES428165A1 (es) 1976-11-16
BR7405576D0 (pt) 1975-05-13
DE2428895C3 (de) 1978-11-23
DE2428895B2 (de) 1978-03-23
DE2428895A1 (de) 1975-01-30
FR2237135B1 (fr) 1982-08-13
AU7017774A (en) 1975-12-18
NL7409194A (nl) 1975-01-14
NO138420C (no) 1978-08-30
GB1478343A (en) 1977-06-29

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