US3906957A - Forceps - Google Patents

Forceps Download PDF

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Publication number
US3906957A
US3906957A US450195A US45019574A US3906957A US 3906957 A US3906957 A US 3906957A US 450195 A US450195 A US 450195A US 45019574 A US45019574 A US 45019574A US 3906957 A US3906957 A US 3906957A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
arms
forceps
jaws
intermediate section
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US450195A
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English (en)
Inventor
David Frederick Weston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mediplast AB
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3906957A publication Critical patent/US3906957A/en
Assigned to MEDIPLAST AB, A CORP. OF SWEDEN reassignment MEDIPLAST AB, A CORP. OF SWEDEN ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES LIMITED
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/2804—Surgical forceps with two or more pivotal connections
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/30—Surgical pincettes, i.e. surgical tweezers without pivotal connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/06—Joints
    • B25B7/08—Joints with fixed fulcrum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/14—Locking means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B9/00—Hand-held gripping tools other than those covered by group B25B7/00
    • B25B9/02—Hand-held gripping tools other than those covered by group B25B7/00 without sliding or pivotal connections, e.g. tweezers, onepiece tongs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/44—Clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof
    • Y10T24/44641—Clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof having gripping member formed from, biased by, or mounted on resilient member
    • Y10T24/44769—Opposed engaging faces on gripping member formed from single piece of resilient material
    • Y10T24/44906—Opposed engaging faces on gripping member formed from single piece of resilient material having specific surface irregularity on or along engaging face
    • Y10T24/44915—Corrugated or toothed face

Definitions

  • This connector l28/354 248/226 E 316 is bowed away from the jaws and extends sufficiently in a plane at right angles to the plane of movement of References Cited the arms at the points of attachment to the arms to re- UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,714,822 5/1929 Segal 81/43 X sist torsion during the operation of the forceps.
  • This invention relates to forceps, that is gripping instruments either in the form of dissecting forceps or tweezers, or in the form of scissors-like devices.
  • Conventional dissecting forceps or tweezers are formed from a pair of substantially rigid arms, each terminating in a jaw, connected at the end remote from the jaw by a resilient flexible member which serves to space the arms apart by about l and acts as a fulcrum about which the arms can rotate. Compression of the arms causes the jaws to come together for the purpose of gripping an object, and on release of the compression forces, the resilience of the connecting member causes the jaws to open.
  • the arms are operated by levers located on the opposite side of the fulcrum to the jaws, and in consequence it is not necessary for the connecting member to be resilient, although this is not excluded.
  • a common feature of both types of forceps is the presence of elongated arms with the jaws located remote from the fulcrum of the forceps. Accordingly, there is a tendency for the jaws to cross-beak in operation, and especially with tweezers, it is usual to provide a pin and socket arrangement between the arms and adjacent to the jaws to maintain the alignment of the jaws. If the forceps are made of plastics material, the tendency for the jaws to cross-beak is greater than if the forceps are made of metal, and the provision of a pin and socket is less convenient.
  • the present invention concerns an alternative method of reducing the tendency of forceps to cross-beak, particularly plastics forceps, by providing a second connector between the arms near to the jaws.
  • forceps including a pair of arms, each arm having a jaw at one end and the arms being joined to each other at the other end by an intermediate section, and means for aligning the jaws in the form of a flexible member attached between the two arms at points adjacent to the jaws, bowed away from the jaws, and extending in a plane normal to that of movement of the arms at the points of attachment to the arms.
  • the arms be operating arms normally spaced apart, and the arms, intermediate section and flexible member together form a resilient structure which allows the jaws to be closed by compression of the operating arms and opened by release of the compression.
  • the intermediate section may have a uniform cross-section or it may incorporate a portion 'of narrower cross-section.
  • the forceps When the forceps is in the form of a scissors-like device, a similar resilient structure may be formed, but since the intermediate section may be a pivot pin or a web of material acting as a fulcrum, it is not necessary that a resilient structure be formed.
  • the forceps in this latter form will of course include operating levers which may be extensions of the arms or distinct levers attached by flexible webs to the arms, as for example illustrated in U.K. Patent Specification No. 1,253,526.
  • the arms, intermediate section and flexible member may together form a resilient structure, it is possible for this resilience to be due principally to the resilience of the intermediate section, the flexible member or the arms or any combination of these parts.
  • the flexible member is less resilient than the structure formed by the arms and intermediate section and so the force required to operate the forceps is not unduly increased over that required to compress the arms and intermediate section.
  • the flexible member may be a strip of material of uniform cross section which bows when the forceps are used, but a preferred flexible member includes at least one narrow section which acts as a hinge.
  • a flexible member attached to each arm by such a hinge and also having an intermediate hinge is particularly preferred.
  • FIG. I is a vertical elevation of one embodiment of the forceps in the unstressed condition
  • FIG. II is a perspective view of the embodiment shown in FIG. I.
  • FIG. III is a vertical elevation of a second embodiment of the forceps in the closed position
  • FIG. IV is a view of the embodiment of FIG. III
  • the forceps of the invention illustrated in FIGS. I and II is in the form of dissecting forceps or tweezers in plastics material shaped to provide a pair of operating arms 1 and 2 joined together end to end at an angle of about 15 by an intermediate section 3.
  • the arms 1 and 2 and the section 3 are integral and of the same cross section, and the structure formed by the arms 1, land section 3 is resilient by reason of the nature of the plastics material employed.
  • a jaw member 4 or 5 At the ends of each arm 1 and 2 remote from section 3 is a jaw member 4 or 5.
  • Each arm is provided with a gripping surface 6 on its outer surface and is strengthened by a ridge 7 along its inner surface.
  • Between the arms 1 and 2 and adjacent to the jaws 4 and 5 is a flexible member attached to the inner surface of each arm.
  • the flexible member is in the form of two rectangular, substantially rigid plates 8 and 9 joined along one edge by a thin web of material 10.
  • the plate 8 is joined to arm 1 by a thin web of material 11 along the opposite edge to that bearing web 10 and the plate 9 is joined to arm 2 by another thin web of material 12 along the opposite edge to that bearing web 10.
  • Each of the webs l0, l1 and 12 can act as a hinge.
  • the plates 8 and 9 are located in a plane normal to the plane of movement of the arms 1, 2 at the points 11, 12 of attachment of the plates 8, 9 to the arms, and the width (FIG. II) of the plates in this plane is equal to the width of the arms 1 and 2 in this plane.
  • the length of the plates 8 and 9 taken together is greater than the distance between their points of attachment on arms 1 and 2 when the forceps is unstressed and the web 10 between the plates 8 and 9 is displaced away from the jaws 4 and 5.
  • the flexible member as a whole is thus bowed away from the jaws 4 and 5.
  • the forceps In operation when it is desired to use the forceps to grip an object, the forceps is taken in one hand with the thumb on one gripping surface 6 and the forefinger on the other gripping surface 6.
  • the jaws 4 and are placed across the object to be gripped and the arms 1 and 2 are compressed.
  • the resilient structure formed from arms 1 and 2 together with section 3 is deformed as the jaws 4 and 5 come towards each other and the flexible member, being less resilient than the arms 1 and 2 with section 3, is readily bowed further away from the jaws 4 and 5 by bending about webs 10, 11 and 12.
  • the forceps of the invention illustrated in FIGS. III and IV is in the form of a scissors-like device in a single piece of plastics material shaped to provide a pair of arms 1 and 2, withjaws 4 and 5,joined by an intermediate section in the form of a web 3 which acts as a fulcrum, and a pair of operating levers 13 and 14 attached to the arms 1 and 2 by webs l5 and 16 respectively and to each other by a web 17.
  • the four webs 3, 15, 16 and 17 are situated in a diamond configuration.
  • each arm 1 and 2 Attached to each arm 1 and 2 at a point approximately midway between the jaws 4 and 5 and the web 3 is a flexible member in the form of two rectangular plates 8 and 9 hinged by a web 10 and attached to the inner surface of the arms 1 and 2 by webs 11 and 12 in the same way as described for the embodiment shown in FIGS. I and II.
  • the webs 11 and 12 extend across the full width of the inner surface of the arms 1 and 2 respectively, and as illustrated (FIG. IV) the length of plates 8 and 9 taken together is greater than the distance between their points of attachment when the forceps is in the open position.
  • the forceps of FIGS. III and IV is shaped so that when the forceps are closed (FIG. III), the web 17 joining the operating levers l3 and 14 passes across the line joining webs l5 and 16 thus making the forceps self-locking.
  • Such a structure is described and claimed in our co-pending application No. 18632/72.
  • the plates 8 and 9, together with the webs 10, 11 and 12 act in the same way as in the embodiment of FIGS. I and II to resist any tendency of the 5 jaws 4 and 5 to move out of alignment.
  • the above described forceps are made from plastics material, but the principle of the invention may be applied to forceps made from any other material, for example metal.
  • the present design of forceps is particularly advantageous when applied to forceps made from plastics material since the problem of crossbeaking is greatest with plastics forceps and the present design can be manufactured by one shot injection moulding from any thermoplastic material.
  • the forceps can thus be made cheaply enough to be a disposable item.
  • Preferred plastics materials from which the forceps of the invention can be manufactured are,-thermoplastic polymers, for example polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, polyesters, for example polyethylene terephthalate, or polystyrene, or any of these materials together with a filler, for example talc or glass fibre.
  • a preferred material is talc filled polypropylene.
  • the jaws 4, 5 are shown as simple pliers-like jaws with transverse teeth.
  • the invention can be applied to forceps provided with any type of jaw, pointed, spatulate or curved, and provided with any type of gripping surface or indeed lacking such a surface, if appropriate to the use.
  • Forceps comprising a. a pair of arms each having a first and a second end,
  • the flexible connector means comprises two plates joined together along one edge by a web acting as a hinge and attached to the arms along opposite edges by webs acting as hinges.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
US450195A 1973-04-24 1974-03-11 Forceps Expired - Lifetime US3906957A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1927873A GB1427397A (en) 1973-04-24 1973-04-24 Forceps
GB5287573 1973-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3906957A true US3906957A (en) 1975-09-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US450195A Expired - Lifetime US3906957A (en) 1973-04-24 1974-03-11 Forceps

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3906957A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5710738B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1012803A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2419818C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2227092B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1427397A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1014598B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7404881A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE404318B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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FR2687053A1 (fr) * 1992-02-10 1993-08-13 Martos Gilbert Pince desinfectante automatique de precision a usage medical veterinaire, esthetique, et utilisable par toute personne.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1012803A (en) 1977-06-28
NL7404881A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-28
SE404318B (sv) 1978-10-02
JPS5710738B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1982-02-27
FR2227092B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-01-13
GB1427397A (en) 1976-03-10
DE2419818C2 (de) 1984-08-16
FR2227092A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-22
IT1014598B (it) 1977-04-30
DE2419818A1 (de) 1974-11-14
AU6658974A (en) 1975-09-18
JPS5048779A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-05-01

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