US3904483A - Thermal cracking apparatus for hydrocarbonaceous materials of high molecular weight - Google Patents

Thermal cracking apparatus for hydrocarbonaceous materials of high molecular weight Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3904483A
US3904483A US453193A US45319374A US3904483A US 3904483 A US3904483 A US 3904483A US 453193 A US453193 A US 453193A US 45319374 A US45319374 A US 45319374A US 3904483 A US3904483 A US 3904483A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
outlet
inlet
gas
thermal cracking
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US453193A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yasuo Kurihara
Masaki Kondo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Shipbuilding and Machinery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Shipbuilding and Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Shipbuilding and Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Shipbuilding and Machinery Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3904483A publication Critical patent/US3904483A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/28—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid material
    • C10G9/32—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid material according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A thermal cracking apparatus for hydrocarbonaceous 1 Foreign Application Priority a materials of high molecular weight, wherein an object Mar. 31, 1973 Japan 48-36895 hydrocarbonaceous material is subjected to thermal cracking in a fluid bed state, the product of said ther- [52] US. Cl 196/116; 208/127 m l r king i epara ed into the overhead fraction [51] Int. Cl.
  • the present invention relates to a thermal cracking apparatus for hydrocarbonaccous materials of high molecular weight. and it relates particularly to an apparatus for the purpose of thermal cracking of chlorinecontaining waste plastics and recovering a thermally cracked oil substantially free of water and/or hydrogen chloride.
  • the present invention is intended to provide a ther mal cracking apparatus capable of not only preventing water. hydrogen chloride and/or relatively light hydrocarbons present in the thermal-cracking products from mixing in the thermally cracked oil but also performing thermal cracking of relatively heavy fractions contained in the thermally cracked oil again by utilizing the combustion heat of said relatively light hydrocarbons, thereby rendering recovery of a thermally cracked oil of high quality.
  • a thermal cracking apparatus for plastics comprises a fluid-bed type furnace for thermal cracking of plastics.
  • a cracking column for separating exclusively the heavy components of the cracking products being sent therein from said cracking furnace to collect them as the bottom fraction.
  • a gas-liquid separator for cooling the overhead fraction coming in from said column and separating it into a vapor-phase component and a liquid-phase thermally cracked oil.
  • a gas incinerator to burn said vapor-phase component therein.
  • a heat exchanger for effecting heat exchange between the combustion gas coming out of said gas incinerator and the bottom fraction collected in said cracking distillation column to thereby thermally crack said fraction again. and a stripper for stripping said combustion gas subsequent to heat exchange.
  • waste plastics put in the crusher l are crushed into pieces of about 20 mm square and then supplied to the feeder 3 by means of the conveyor 2.
  • a screw feeder is applied as the feeder in the present embodi ment. Waste plastics sent in the fluid-bed type cracking furnace 4 through the feeder 3 make self-combustion with the help of air sent in under pressure by the blower 5, and are thermally cracked at a temperature in the range of 450550C.
  • the gas arising in the cracking furnace 4 is separated from carbon and the like within the cyclone 6. and said carbon and the like collected by the cyclone 6 is received in the carbon storage tank 7.
  • the gas arising from cracking is subsequently supplied to the middle of the rectification column 8, where the heavy component consisting of high boiling-point fractions is separated to gather at the bottom of column.
  • the overhead products perfectly free of high boiling-point fractions are sent to the condenser 9 from the top of column. and in this condenser 9, they are cooled down to a temperature a little higher than the dew point of water. whereby fractions corresponding to kerosene and heavy oil are condensed. and then the thus condensed fractions are separated from the vapor-phase component by means of thc gas-liquid separator 10.
  • a part of the separated oil is returned as a reflux to the top of the cracking distillation column through the pump 11, while the rest is recovered into the oil tank 12 as the thermally cracked oil.
  • the foregoing vapor-phase component containing low boiling-point fractions. water. hydrogen chloride or sulfurous acid gas and the like is treated through combustion within the gas incinerator 13.
  • the aforesaid bottom fraction within the column 8 is subjected to removal of carbon content thereof with the carbon filter 14 and thereafter supplied to the heat exchanger 16 by means of the pump 15.
  • the bottom fraction deprived of carbon as above is subjected to thermal cracking again and is therefore circulated to the column 8.
  • the off-gas passed through the heat exchanger 16 is supplied to the scrubber l7, and hydrogen chloride or sulfurous acid gas contained in said off-gas is absorbed by water being introduced into the stripper by the pump 19 and is taken out into an acid storage tank.
  • the resulting offgas free of hydrogen chloride is discharged into the air through the chimney 20.
  • an apparatus not only renders it possible to perform thermal cracking of plastics through a fluid bed having high thermal efficiency but also has such a merit that the high boiling-point fractions among the thermal cracking products can be treated again in the column 8 and that by utilizing the low boiling-point hydrocarbons among the cracking products as the heat source of said thermal cracking.
  • the apparatus under the present invention even in the case where hydrogen chloride or sulfurous acid gas is contained in the thermal-cracking products. they can be recovered in the form of hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid free from oil through the scrubber.
  • the apparatus under the present invention deserves to be called a plastic-treating apparatus free of public nuisances.
  • thermal cracking apparatus under the present invention may also be utilized in treating waste rubber and other inflammable industrial wastes.
  • a thermal cracking apparatus for hydrocarbonaceous materials of high molecular weight which comprises.
  • a fluidized-bed cracking furnace having a feed opening for said hydrocarbonaceous material and having an inlet for air so that said hydrocarbonaceous material can be thermally cracked in said furnace at about 450 to 550C, said furnace having an outlet for the gas generated in said furnace; a cyclone having an inlet connected by a first conduit to said furnace outlet and adapted for removing solid particles from said gas, said cyclone having an outlet for purified gas; a rectification column having an inlet for said purified gas connected by a second conduit to said cyclone outlet, said column also having an outlet for high boiling materials at the bottom thereof, an outlet for rectified gas at the upper end thereof and an inlet for reflux at the upper end thereof; a condenser having an inlet connected by a third conduit to said outlet for rectified gas, said condenser having an outlet; a
  • gas-liquid separator connected by a fourth conduit to said condenser outlet, said separator having an outlet for gas and an outlet for condensate; means connected between said condensate outlet of said separator and said reflux inlet of said rectification column for feeding a portion of said condensate as reflux to said rectification column and means for removing the remainder of said condensate, as a thermally-cracked oil product; a gas incinerator connected by a fifth conduit to said gas outlet of said separator and adapted for burning said gas from said separator, said incinerator having an outlet for the gaseous products of combustion thereof; a scrubber having a gas inlet connected by a sixth conduit to said incinerator outlet, means for feeding water into said scrubbcr'to contact said gaseous products of combustion supplied from said incinerator and to remove acidic components therefrom, and means for discharging the remainder of said gaseous products of combustion from the scrubber.
  • a thermal cracking apparatus including a heat exchanger having an inlet connected by a seventh conduit to said outlet for high boiling materials of said rectification column, said heat exchanger having an outlet connected to a further inlet to said rectification column located between the upper and lower ends thereof, said heat exchanger also having an inlet and outlet for heat exchange fluid connected between said incinerator outlet and said scrubber inlet so that said gaseous products of combustion from said incinen ator act as a heating fluid for said high boiling materials.
  • a thermal cracking apparatus including a filter for removing carbonaceous materials, said filter being connected between said outlet for high boiling materials of said rectification column and said inlet for said high boiling materials to said heat exchanger.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US453193A 1973-03-31 1974-03-21 Thermal cracking apparatus for hydrocarbonaceous materials of high molecular weight Expired - Lifetime US3904483A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP48036895A JPS49124173A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-03-31 1973-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3904483A true US3904483A (en) 1975-09-09

Family

ID=12482496

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US453193A Expired - Lifetime US3904483A (en) 1973-03-31 1974-03-21 Thermal cracking apparatus for hydrocarbonaceous materials of high molecular weight

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3904483A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS49124173A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5505008A (en) * 1993-06-29 1996-04-09 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Method for recycling materials containing plastic, rubber or lacquer
US5738025A (en) * 1994-03-30 1998-04-14 Fuji Recycle Industry K.K. Method and apparatus for thermal cracking of waste plastics
US10585077B2 (en) * 2015-04-10 2020-03-10 Waters Technologies Corporation Cooling liquid eluent of a carbon dioxide chromatography system after gas-liquid separation

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3451896A (en) * 1967-04-07 1969-06-24 Otto Construction Corp Method of cleaning a stream of coke oven gas and apparatus therefor
US3505201A (en) * 1967-01-27 1970-04-07 Alberta Res Council Separation of coal-oil suspensions
US3582279A (en) * 1969-05-19 1971-06-01 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Oxidative distillation of rubber vulcanizate
US3704108A (en) * 1970-09-25 1972-11-28 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Hydroconversion of waste natural and synthetic rubbers
US3716339A (en) * 1969-10-03 1973-02-13 Takuma Kikan Mfg Co Hydrogen chloride recovery incinerator for plastics containing hydrogen and chlorine
US3736233A (en) * 1970-07-23 1973-05-29 Occidental Petroleum Corp Process of pyrolyzing and desulfurizing sulfur bearing agglomerative bituminous coal
US3772242A (en) * 1972-06-05 1973-11-13 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Rubbers reinforced by scrap rubber char

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3505201A (en) * 1967-01-27 1970-04-07 Alberta Res Council Separation of coal-oil suspensions
US3451896A (en) * 1967-04-07 1969-06-24 Otto Construction Corp Method of cleaning a stream of coke oven gas and apparatus therefor
US3582279A (en) * 1969-05-19 1971-06-01 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Oxidative distillation of rubber vulcanizate
US3716339A (en) * 1969-10-03 1973-02-13 Takuma Kikan Mfg Co Hydrogen chloride recovery incinerator for plastics containing hydrogen and chlorine
US3736233A (en) * 1970-07-23 1973-05-29 Occidental Petroleum Corp Process of pyrolyzing and desulfurizing sulfur bearing agglomerative bituminous coal
US3704108A (en) * 1970-09-25 1972-11-28 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Hydroconversion of waste natural and synthetic rubbers
US3772242A (en) * 1972-06-05 1973-11-13 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Rubbers reinforced by scrap rubber char

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5505008A (en) * 1993-06-29 1996-04-09 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Method for recycling materials containing plastic, rubber or lacquer
US5738025A (en) * 1994-03-30 1998-04-14 Fuji Recycle Industry K.K. Method and apparatus for thermal cracking of waste plastics
US10585077B2 (en) * 2015-04-10 2020-03-10 Waters Technologies Corporation Cooling liquid eluent of a carbon dioxide chromatography system after gas-liquid separation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS49124173A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5541386A (en) Plasma arc decomposition of hazardous wastes into vitrified solids and non-hazardous gasses
CN104685033B (zh) 用来将受污或非受污碳氢化合物材料分离和转化成有用产品的混合热处理工艺、工艺的使用、相应系统和设备的制造
US4344770A (en) Method and apparatus for converting solid organic material to fuel oil and gas
EP0003803A1 (en) Process and plant for manufacturing carbonaceous solids and hydrocarbons from discarded tires
US4317703A (en) Pyrolysis process utilizing pyrolytic oil recycle
US3703442A (en) Method for the low-temperature distillation of finely granular bituminous materials which form a pulverulent residue in the process
US2396036A (en) Shale distillation
EA002638B1 (ru) Способ вторичной очистки отработанного масла путем дистилляции и экстракции
TW436403B (en) Condensation and recovery of oil from pyrolysis gas
JP4267722B2 (ja) クエンチオイルの粘度の制御方法
US12319819B1 (en) Thermolysis system and method for obtaining recovered carbon black and fuel from disused tires
EP0220795A2 (en) Method for cleaning gas produced from solid carbonaceous material in a two-stage gas producer
CA2686235C (en) Method for producing moldings
US4750916A (en) Method and arrangement for cleansing a flow of hot contaminated gas
US3962043A (en) Process for producing fine-grained coke by degasification of coal
JP4768920B2 (ja) 廃プラスチックの熱分解法
US3904483A (en) Thermal cracking apparatus for hydrocarbonaceous materials of high molecular weight
EA027224B1 (ru) Способ и устройство для обеспыливания парогазовой смеси
CN106147879A (zh) 一种快速热解油气处理系统及方法
KR101410502B1 (ko) 폐플라스틱 및 폐유의 정제시스템과 그 정제방법
US4343777A (en) Method of scrubbing acid gases containing polymerizable organic components
JP2001031978A (ja) 廃プラスチックの油回収方法とその装置
US4563264A (en) Method of dry distillation of volatile substances from mineral matter containing same
JPH07238182A (ja) ポリ塩化ビニルを処理する際に高価値の材料を回収する方法
RU2182588C1 (ru) Способ термической переработки горючих сланцев