US3887458A - Permanent magnet strong field separator - Google Patents

Permanent magnet strong field separator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3887458A
US3887458A US362305A US36230573A US3887458A US 3887458 A US3887458 A US 3887458A US 362305 A US362305 A US 362305A US 36230573 A US36230573 A US 36230573A US 3887458 A US3887458 A US 3887458A
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
pole pieces
permanent magnets
magnetic
magnets
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Expired - Lifetime
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US362305A
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English (en)
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Erkki A Laurila
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BERMECO Oy
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BERMECO Oy
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/10—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers
    • B03C1/12—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers with magnets moving during operation; with movable pole pieces

Definitions

  • the separate magnet system preferably comprises a second cylinder provided with magnets at equal distances from each other as those at the outer working cylinder and rotating in synchronism with said outer cylinder.
  • the present invention relates to magnetic separators and more particularly to separators for weakly magnetic minerals, wherein concentrating takes place at the circumference of a rotating cylinder or drum.
  • concentrate is fed onto the circumference of a rotating cylinder which has been provided with permanent magnet bars at regular intervals so that their magnetic fields are radial and alternately reverse.
  • the magnetic material is separated by means of a smaller cylinder which has been fitted outside the principal cylinder and rotates synchronically with it.
  • the peripheral surface of the smaller cylinder has been respectively fitted with iron rods which, when coming close to the said permanent magnet bars, momentarily strengthen the magnetic field and cause the magnetic material to pass from the surface of the cylinder provided with magnet bars onto the separation cylinder, from where the said strongly magnetic part is then recovered.
  • the known separators for weakly magnetic materials have usually been provided with electric magnets to provide a sufficiently extensive field.
  • these separators have been provided with some moving part which, when it is in the magnetic field, causes the field to converge at certain points and, when it comes outside the range of the field, loses its magnetism, thereby making it possible for the magnetic mineral which has become attached to the convergence points to become detached.
  • the present invention provides a magnetic separator of the character previously described, comprising a rotating cylinder or drum on the outer surface of which the concentrate is separated,
  • the object of the present invention is thus a strong field separator structure in which the magnetic field is created with permanent magnets.
  • any permanent magnet materials with a sufficiently high energy product are practicable, but it is essential to resort to oxide magnets which are magnetically hard, i.e., possess a great coercive force.
  • oxide magnets which are magnetically hard i.e., possess a great coercive force.
  • ceramic barium ferrite and strontium ferrite magnets, such as Ferroxdure 330, Indox 5, lndox 8 etc. already make a very practical structure possible, but the construction principle set forth in the invention proves even more advantageous when, for example, CoSm or other lanthanide magnets with a coercive force of more than 5000 Oe and an efficiency of IO 20 million GsOe are used.
  • the essential point of the invention is the arrangement by which the magnetic field, at an appropriate stage, is entirely extinguished or at least weakened to the extent that the weakly magnetic mineral concentrate which has become attached to the field can be released. In some cases it may be advantageous even to momentarily reverse the magnetic field at the concerned point at the cylinder circumference.
  • the system may preferably include another cylinder which is situated inside the working cylinder, rotates synchronically with it, and touches or very nearly touches it at an appropriate point and which has been respectively provided with magnetic poles at the same intervals as on the working cylinder.
  • FIG. I shows an apparatus according to the invention with two cylinders linked to each other one inside the other, and
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
  • the actual working unit consists of a cylinder 1 which has a relatively long diameter and rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow. Pole gaps parallel to the side line of the cylinder have been created on the cylinder surface according to the construction principle indicated in the figure. It would also be possible to make the pole gaps parallel to the cylinder circumference.
  • the active parts are permanent magnets 2 made of an oxide or Ianthanide magnet material and which are alternately magnetized in reverse directions. T-shaped iron rails 3 form the pole shoes; a sufficiently strong field strength can be obtained in the narrow gaps between the pole shoes, for example over 10 k0, while the field gradient receives a very high value.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the feeding of suspension with feeding trough 4, the suspension outlet with its thresholds 5 where the concentrate particles which remain in the outflowing suspension still have an opportunity to become attached to the magnetic field of the cylinder, and washing system 6 consisting of water sprays. It is natural that in this wet separator the rotative velocity of the cylinder is so low that the water and suspension flow downwards against the rotational direction of the cylinder.
  • the magnetic potential corresponding to the state of magnets 8 at a given moment must be sufficient to create the necessary flux over the magnet gap between the cylinders.
  • the width of the pole shoe 3 edges inside and in a tangential direction of the cylinder 1 is chosen to be more than l/n of the width of permanent magnets 2 measured in the direction of cylinder 1 radius, where n indicates the ratio between the saturation induction of the pole shoe material and the remenant induction of the permanent magnet material.
  • the diameter of cylinder 7 is preferably less than half the inner diameter of cylinder 1.
  • the placement of counter-cylinder 7 inside the working cylinder provides mainly two advantages which are closely linked to each other.
  • the magnet gap between the cylinders can then be small and the extinction of the magnetic field in the pole distances on the cylinder surface can be achieved without the magnets of cylinder 7 having to become unreasonably oversized.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section of the contact point between the cylinders.
  • the arrows indicate the directions of the the internal magnetic fields of permanent magnets 2 of outer cylinder 1 and permanent magnets 8 of inner cylinder 7.
  • the magnetic path on the outer cylinder is closed mainly owing to the narrow magnet gap between the expanded ends of pole shoes 3.
  • these two magnet systems form a closed magnet circuit, i.e., the entire flux of a working cylinder magnet runs through the respective counter-cylinder magnet, and thereby the flux and field in the magnet gap on the cylinder surface are extinguished.
  • a permanent magnet separator particularly for separating weakly magnetic materials from nonmagnetic materials comprising:
  • a first hollow rotating cylinder having inner and outer surfaces, composed of a plurality of substantially rectangular solid permanent magnets each arranged in a parallel relation to the side line of said cylinder and a plurality of pole pieces each substantially identically shaped and spaced intermediate said permanent magnets, thereby forming on said inner surface alternate substantially parallel sections consisting of said magnets and pole pieces, said permanent magnets being alternately reversely magnetized;
  • shunting means including a separate rotating multipole permanent magnet eccentrically mounted within said first cylinder, for shunting the magnetic field of said pole pieces of said first cylinder by cooperation between said shunting means and said pole pieces of said first cylinder as said pole pieces of said first cylinder come into a certain position in relation to said shunting means;
  • said separate permanent magnet comprising a second rotating cylinder with alternating reversely magnetized permanent magnets and pole pieces in which the distance between the magnetic pole pieces is the same as the distance between the magnetic pole pieces of said inner surface and wherein the remanent flux of said permanent magnets on said second cylinder is greater than the remanent flux of said permanent magnets on said first cylinder, said second cylinder being synchronized with said first cylinder so that said magnetic pole pieces thereof always face oppositely magnetized pole pieces on said first cylinder at said certain position.
  • each of said pole pieces inside and in tangential direction of said first cylinder is more than 1/n of the width of each of said permanent magnets measured in the direction of said first cylinder radius, where it indicates the ratio between the saturation induction of the pole shoe material and the remenant induction of the permanent magnet material.
  • a separator according to claim 1 wherein the magnetic strength of said permanent magnets of said second cylinder in relation to the magnetic strength of said permanent magnets of said first cylinder is such that shunting essentially weakens the magnetic field of said pole pieces of said first cylinder at the said certain position.
  • a separator according to claim 1 wherein the magnetic strength of said permanent magnets of said second cylinder in relation to the magnetic strength of said permanent magnets of said first cylinder is such that shunting momentarily makes the magnetic field of said pole pieces of said first cylinder weakly reverse at the said certain position.

Landscapes

  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
US362305A 1972-05-26 1973-05-21 Permanent magnet strong field separator Expired - Lifetime US3887458A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI721486A FI48535C (fi) 1972-05-26 1972-05-26 Kestomagneetti-vahvakenttäseparaattori

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3887458A true US3887458A (en) 1975-06-03

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ID=8505705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US362305A Expired - Lifetime US3887458A (en) 1972-05-26 1973-05-21 Permanent magnet strong field separator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3887458A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA990686A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2325322C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI48535C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO134934C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE384146B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5092986A (en) * 1988-04-25 1992-03-03 Steinert Elektromagnetbau Gmbh Magnetic separator
US20040040894A1 (en) * 2000-11-20 2004-03-04 Gotz Warlitz Device for the separation of non-magnetizable metals and ferrous components from a solid mixture and method for operating such device
RU2294243C1 (ru) * 2005-08-26 2007-02-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Экопромпереработка" Магнитный сепаратор
RU2390381C1 (ru) * 2009-06-09 2010-05-27 Олег Леонидович Федоров Способ магнитной сепарации материалов и магнитный сепаратор
US20110094943A1 (en) * 2009-10-28 2011-04-28 David Chappie Magnetic separator
CN102698867A (zh) * 2012-06-01 2012-10-03 句容市恒祥金属再生利用有限公司 一种砂轮灰磁选机的永磁滚筒
US20120325726A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-12-27 Lucas Lehtinen Iron ore separation device
WO2011085001A3 (en) * 2010-01-05 2013-01-17 Eriez Manufacturing Co. Permanent magnet drum separator with movable magnetic elements
US20130043167A1 (en) * 2010-02-23 2013-02-21 China Shenhua Energy Company Limited Vertical ring magnetic separator for de-ironing of pulverized coal ash and method using the same
CN102974457A (zh) * 2011-09-03 2013-03-20 崔实 永磁组合磁系正交磁选机
CN103071587A (zh) * 2013-01-31 2013-05-01 沈阳恒创思源矿业科技开发有限公司 一种旋转磁场高效分散磁选机
CN103157553A (zh) * 2013-03-11 2013-06-19 梧州市华磁矿山设备有限公司 永磁磁力精选机

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4323932C1 (de) * 1993-07-16 1995-02-02 Steinert Gmbh Elektromagnetbau Magnetsystem zur Teilchenseparation
RU2152828C1 (ru) * 1999-09-22 2000-07-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Магнитогорский металлургический комбинат" Магнитный сепаратор
RU2183996C2 (ru) * 2000-04-14 2002-06-27 Гомельский межотраслевой научно-технический центр "НЕОТЕХ" Магнитный сепаратор
RU2185248C2 (ru) * 2000-06-23 2002-07-20 Совместное Российско-американское предприятие "Уралтранс" Барабанный магнитный сепаратор
RU2446892C2 (ru) * 2010-06-21 2012-04-10 ЗАО "Управляющая горная машиностроительная компания - Рудгормаш" (ЗАО "УГМК - Рудгормаш") Способ магнитного обогащения в магнитных полях со знакопеременным градиентом и устройство для его осуществления
CN107855213B (zh) * 2017-11-22 2019-08-30 河北地质大学 一种连续性中分双对极式磁系永磁高梯度强磁选装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3223898A (en) * 1962-05-11 1965-12-14 Frances Budreck Variable magnet
US3231789A (en) * 1956-08-24 1966-01-25 Walker O S Co Inc Permanent magnet chuck
US3452310A (en) * 1966-11-14 1969-06-24 Eriez Mfg Co Turn-off permanent magnet

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3231789A (en) * 1956-08-24 1966-01-25 Walker O S Co Inc Permanent magnet chuck
US3223898A (en) * 1962-05-11 1965-12-14 Frances Budreck Variable magnet
US3452310A (en) * 1966-11-14 1969-06-24 Eriez Mfg Co Turn-off permanent magnet

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5092986A (en) * 1988-04-25 1992-03-03 Steinert Elektromagnetbau Gmbh Magnetic separator
US20040040894A1 (en) * 2000-11-20 2004-03-04 Gotz Warlitz Device for the separation of non-magnetizable metals and ferrous components from a solid mixture and method for operating such device
US7367457B2 (en) * 2000-11-20 2008-05-06 Steinert Elektromagnetbau Gmbh Device for the separation of non-magnetizable metals and ferrous components from a solid mixture and method for operating such device
RU2294243C1 (ru) * 2005-08-26 2007-02-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Экопромпереработка" Магнитный сепаратор
RU2390381C1 (ru) * 2009-06-09 2010-05-27 Олег Леонидович Федоров Способ магнитной сепарации материалов и магнитный сепаратор
US20110094943A1 (en) * 2009-10-28 2011-04-28 David Chappie Magnetic separator
US8777015B2 (en) 2009-10-28 2014-07-15 Magnetation, Inc. Magnetic separator
US8292084B2 (en) * 2009-10-28 2012-10-23 Magnetation, Inc. Magnetic separator
WO2011085001A3 (en) * 2010-01-05 2013-01-17 Eriez Manufacturing Co. Permanent magnet drum separator with movable magnetic elements
US20130043167A1 (en) * 2010-02-23 2013-02-21 China Shenhua Energy Company Limited Vertical ring magnetic separator for de-ironing of pulverized coal ash and method using the same
US8505735B2 (en) * 2010-02-23 2013-08-13 China Shenhua Energy Company Limited Vertical ring magnetic separator for de-ironing of pulverized coal ash and method using the same
DE112011100634B4 (de) * 2010-02-23 2015-02-19 China Shenhua Energy Company Limited Vertikalring-Magnetabscheider zur Enteisenung von pulverisierter Kohleasche und Verfahren, welches denselben verwendet
US20120325726A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-12-27 Lucas Lehtinen Iron ore separation device
US8708152B2 (en) * 2011-04-20 2014-04-29 Magnetation, Inc. Iron ore separation device
CN102974457A (zh) * 2011-09-03 2013-03-20 崔实 永磁组合磁系正交磁选机
CN102698867A (zh) * 2012-06-01 2012-10-03 句容市恒祥金属再生利用有限公司 一种砂轮灰磁选机的永磁滚筒
CN103071587A (zh) * 2013-01-31 2013-05-01 沈阳恒创思源矿业科技开发有限公司 一种旋转磁场高效分散磁选机
CN103071587B (zh) * 2013-01-31 2015-05-27 沈阳恒创思源矿业科技开发有限公司 一种旋转磁场高效分散磁选机
CN103157553A (zh) * 2013-03-11 2013-06-19 梧州市华磁矿山设备有限公司 永磁磁力精选机
CN103157553B (zh) * 2013-03-11 2015-07-08 梧州市华磁矿山设备有限公司 永磁磁力精选机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA990686A (en) 1976-06-08
DE2325322B2 (de) 1975-04-30
NO134934B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-10-04
DE2325322A1 (de) 1973-12-20
FI48535C (fi) 1974-11-11
SE384146B (sv) 1976-04-26
FI48535B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-07-31
NO134934C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-01-12
DE2325322C3 (de) 1975-12-11

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