US3881490A - Thin, flexible absorbent pads - Google Patents

Thin, flexible absorbent pads Download PDF

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Publication number
US3881490A
US3881490A US426521A US42652173A US3881490A US 3881490 A US3881490 A US 3881490A US 426521 A US426521 A US 426521A US 42652173 A US42652173 A US 42652173A US 3881490 A US3881490 A US 3881490A
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United States
Prior art keywords
batt
pad
cover sheet
backing element
adhesive
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Expired - Lifetime
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US426521A
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English (en)
Inventor
Howard A Whitehead
Ralph V Braun
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Kimberly Clark Corp
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Kimberly Clark Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kimberly Clark Corp filed Critical Kimberly Clark Corp
Priority to US426521A priority Critical patent/US3881490A/en
Priority to MX154744A priority patent/MX143464A/es
Priority to AU75461/74A priority patent/AU480665B2/en
Priority to BR10060/74A priority patent/BR7410060A/pt
Priority to NL7416252.A priority patent/NL165373C/xx
Priority to GB53989/74A priority patent/GB1480926A/en
Priority to CA216,135A priority patent/CA1031503A/fr
Priority to DE2460712A priority patent/DE2460712B2/de
Priority to IT30757/74A priority patent/IT1027830B/it
Priority to ZA00748125A priority patent/ZA748125B/xx
Priority to FR7442332A priority patent/FR2255046B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3881490A publication Critical patent/US3881490A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/531—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F13/532—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad
    • A61F13/533—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having a homogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad having discontinuous areas of compression
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/51104—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin the top sheet having a three-dimensional cross-section, e.g. corrugations, embossments, recesses or projections
    • A61F13/51108—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin the top sheet having a three-dimensional cross-section, e.g. corrugations, embossments, recesses or projections the top sheet having corrugations or embossments having one axis relatively longer than the other axis, e.g. forming channels or grooves in a longitudinal direction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/513—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/539—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
    • A61F13/58—Adhesive tab fastener elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
    • A61F2013/4708—Panty-liner
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F2013/51097—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers with high friction coefficient for fixation of the bandage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
    • A61F13/51401—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material
    • A61F2013/51409—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material being a film
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530802—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the foam or sponge other than superabsorbent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/539—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
    • A61F2013/53908—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers with adhesive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
    • A61F13/58—Adhesive tab fastener elements
    • A61F2013/582—Adhesive tab fastener elements with one strip on one place

Definitions

  • the References Cited pad may be adapted for secure placement on a suit- UNITED STATES PATENTS able support such as a snug-fitting undergarment by 2,788,003 4 1957 Morin 128/284 the use of Pressure Sensitive adhesive on the backing 3 5 3 243 2 971 Lindquist 123/237 element or by increasing the frictional properties of 3,595,237 7/1971 Sargent et al.. 128/290 R the bottom side by the use of flexible foam or other 3,670,731 6/1972 Harmon 128/284 friction increasing materials, 3,693,622 9/1972 Jones, Sr 128/284 X Primary Examiner-Richard A. Gaudet Assistant Examiner--J. Yasko Attorney, Agent, or Firm--Daniel J. Hanlon, Jr.; William D. Herrick; Raymond J. Miller 9 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures TENTEBHAY 61975 3,881,490
  • This invention relates to improvements in the structure of very thin absorbent pads primarily for feminine hygiene which may be used for undergarment protection between menstrual periods as well as for absorbing light flow between and during periods.
  • This invention relates to improvements in the latter type of pad in which the main absorbent medium is fluff.
  • Still another way is to cover or adhesively bind the surface fibers and then seal all the pad edges by highly compressing the pad around its entire periphery as taught in British Pat. No. 1.07 l ,l9l published Jun. 7, 1967.
  • Adhesive binder to secure all or part of the fluff fibers to each other has also been used in combination with some of the above structures.
  • a suitable pad in which the short fibered fluff comprising the absorbent material in the central pad terminates at the peripheral edges without employing an enclosing wrapper or continuous peripheral sealing.
  • the pad described herein can also be produced at low cost. While the resulting pad may dust moderately at the unbonded edge areas this slight disadvantage is overshadowed by the more important advantage of providing comfortable soft edges for the user.
  • the pad may also be disposed of in a toilet since the main fluff element will delaminate and break apart as water destroys the hydrogen bonding in the embossed line areas hereinafter described thus permitting dispersion of the major portion of the fibers when the pad is agitated in water during the flushing action.
  • the nonwoven cover sheet may be any of the many known types of pervious non-woven materials in common use as wrappers for sanitary napkins, the most common of which comprises carded rayon fibers of staple length bonded by a flexible adhesive.
  • the entire undersurface of the cover sheet is secured to the top of the fluff batt by a very thin adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive is applied to the top surface fibers of the fluff batt in the form of an atomized spray of aqueous based adhesive prior to placing the cover sheet material onto the batt.
  • the cover sheet is then placed on top of the sprayed batt and the fibers in the fluff batt are caused to bond to the cover sheet by the simultaneous application of heat and pressure. While moderate overall pressure is applied to bond the cover sheet to the batt, a critical consideration is to bond the fibers in selected areas by using heavy pressure sufficient to provide hydrogen bonding in areas defined by a pattern of narrow spaced lines of compression. Many suitable patterns may be used.
  • a particularly preferred pattern comprises spaced longitudinally extending lines arranged in a sinuous pattern with the lines terminating at points spaced from each other around the pad periphery.
  • the embossed pad structure is secured to a plastic film backing to complete the pad structure.
  • a plastic film backing Preferably such securement is obtained by an intermittent pattern of adhesive applied to the surface of the underlying film, with the spacing between adhesive areas being sufficient to permit easy flexing of the completed pad structure.
  • the completed pad may be used in combination with a tight fitting undergarment without supplementary attachment means if desired.
  • pressure sensitive adhesive is disposed on a portion of the bottom surface of the plastic film and covered with a removable protective strip which may be peeled off by the user for more positive attachment purposes.
  • the bottom surface may alternatively be provided with a thin, flexible, high friction material such as synthetic sponge of polyurethane or the like which will help retain it in position on an undergarment by frictional engagement therewith.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a modified pad shape.
  • FIG. 4 is a section similar to FIG. 3 showing a modification thereof.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the bottom of another embodiment of the pad.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an oblong tapered pad with undulating line embossments 14 of a similar nature.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged section taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 1.
  • fiber batt 17 of absorbent wood pulp fibers is heavily compressed along line embossments 14 and by being so heavily compressed provide hydrogen bonding of the wood pulp fibers in areas 18. It is this hydrogen bonding which provides the fluff batt 17 with sufficient integrity to prevent delamination in the z-direction.
  • Cover sheet 12 is puffed up in rounded cushion-like contours between the line embossments l4'where uncompressed and unbonded portions of fiber batt 17 press upwardly against cover sheet 12 between embossments.
  • Backing element 19 is a thin film, such as polyethylene, which is adhesively attached to batt l7 and which film retains its substantially planar configuration.
  • Cover sheet 12 is bonded to batt 17 over its entire common interface with batt 17 by a light layer of adhesive applied as hereinafter described, while film backing element 19 is intermittently bonded to the bottom surface of batt 17 by a spaced pattern of adhesive printed on the upper surface of the film 19 before assembling the pad into its final form.
  • FIG. 4 pad structure is the same as that of the FIG. 3 pad except that a layer of lightweight synthetic sponge 20 such as polyurethane foam is additionally laminated to the backing element 19.
  • the foam 20 provides a high friction surface which assists in maintaining the pad in place when the pad is worn with a tightfitting undergarment.
  • FIG. 5 a perspective view of the underside of a completed pad is shown wherein another means for attaching the pad to an undergarment is illustrated.
  • the backing element 19 has applied thereto a narrow band of pressure sensitive adhesive 22 which is covered by a peelable strip of protective release paper 24 or the like.
  • FIG. 5 pad When the FIG. 5 pad is worn in combination with an undergarment, protective strip 24 is first peeled off and the exposed pressure sensitive adhesive 22 is then utilized to adhere the pad to the crotch area of the undergarment.
  • pressure sensitive attachment means for absorbent pads is well known in the art and is disclosed herein merely as a preferred embodiment.
  • line embossments are shown as uniformly spaced and substantially parallel undulating lines, other longitudinally extending patterns may be used. Important considerations are: that the lines be spaced sufficiently apart to prevent undue compression of the batt between lines; that the compressed bonded areas be of narrow width for the same reason; that they extend substantially longitudinally of the pad; and that where they intercept the edges they be spaced from one another to minimize edge compression or bonding. Typical dimensions for the line embossments comprise a width of about 1/32 inch and a spacing of about inch to 3/8 inch.
  • An objective of the line embossing arrangement in addition to providing the hydrogen bonding which is the primary means for providing z direction integrity in the pads, is to provide the entire surface of the pad including the edges with a soft, cushionlike structure.
  • Another objective of the line embossments is to direct the migration of the absorbed flow in the longitudinal direction especially since the edges of the pad are unsealed and it is therefore desirable to keep any of the absorbed fluid away from these edges as long as possible.
  • the longitudinally extending embossments serve this purpose well as conduits which due to their compressed condition provide small pores in the batt which enhance capillary suction pressures.
  • Undulating or wavy lines are also preferred for the line embossments because when the pad is bent into its arcuate shape during use, the wavy or undulating lines were found to flex much more readily than straight lines do and thus produce only small scale wrinkles which do not appear to interfere with tactile comfort as large scale wrinkles have been found to do.
  • the primary purpose of the line embossing is to bind the short wood pulp fibers together by means of hydrogen bonding.
  • hydrogen bonding of wood pulp fibers are bonds which develop when the hydroxyl groups of adjacent fibrillae in the cellulosic fibers form hydrogen bonds when a paper web is dried. In this instance the bonds are formed during the embossing process.
  • Such bonding is also the sole means for maintaining the strength and integrity of the batt in the z direction in the pads disclosed herein. Sufficient strength and integrity in the x and y directions are of course provided by the adhesive attachment of the cover sheet and backing element to the batt as previously described.
  • the .r, y. and z designations are used herein in the customary manner, i.e., and y are the transverse and longitudinal directions respectively, while the z direction is perpendicular thereto.
  • a thin uniform continuous batt of intermingled wood pulp fibers is first formed by suitable airlaying methods.
  • Many methods for airlaying wood fibers are known, so there is no need to describe such methods here.
  • airlaid batts have little self integrity because even though the fibers in the batt are intermingled, no chemical bonding is developed in dry forming and since the fibers are so short little tensile strength is derived from mere mechanical entanglement. Airlaid batts are therefore very weak and easily destroyed when tensile forces are applied.
  • some supplementary bonding means is therefore required. This is particularly true when the batt is thin, i.e., in the range of 1/1 6 inch to A thick as used herein.
  • the formed batt could be carried on suitable supporting means such as the wire mesh fabric on which it is formed during the airlaying process.
  • suitable supporting means such as the wire mesh fabric on which it is formed during the airlaying process.
  • the batt could be formed on woven or non-woven scrim which could then be retained with the batt and become an integral part of the finished pad, if desired.
  • the latter modifications adds to the final cost. and since these pads are intended to be disposable low cost pads, the inclusion of scrim may not be desirable from a cost standpoint.
  • aqueous-based flexible adhesive After the batt is formed it is sprayed with a light application of an atomized spray of an aqueous-based flexible adhesive. Amounts in the range of 5 to grams per square yard are appropriate.
  • acrylic latexes are preferred for use as the adhesive. It is desirable to use latexes or other aqueous-based adhesives because it is necessary to moisturize the wood fluff fibers at some stage in the process in order to obtain the previously mentioned hydrogen bonding, and aqueous-based adhesives facilitate this.
  • a cover sheet of fluid-pervious non-woven material is then applied to the surface of the batt on which the adhesive has been sprayed.
  • This laminate is lightly pressed between two rolls to slightly adhere the cover sheet and batt and is next passed under a bank of infrared lamps or other heating means to partially set the adhesive and to help condition the batt to a point where the moisture is uniformly distributed through the batt in the amount of about 10 to percent by weight. Further moisture conditioning of the laminate may be done before embossing by spraying the laminate with water at this point in the process.
  • the laminate is then passed through a high pressure nip comprised of a top embossing roll having the desired pattern and a lower heated roll.
  • the high pressure exerted on the moistureconditioned batt by the raised land areas of the embossing roll develops the hydrogen bonding of the fibers in only the compressed area of the batt.
  • Nip pressures in the range of about -85 psi and temperatures of about 300 to 350F are suitable for this purpose. Heat is utilized to help drive off residual moisture and to further set the adhesive.
  • the preferred density of the batt in the compressed and hydrogen bonded areas is in the range of about 0.40 grams per cubic centimeter to about 1.0 grams per cubic centimeter. In the uncompressed areas preferred densities are approximately 0.03 grams per cubic centimeter to about 0.15 grams per cubic centimeter.
  • the laminated batt and cover sheet are then passed through another light pressure nip where a film backing element having a patterned adhesive on the surface is applied to the bottom of the batt to complete the laminated structure.
  • the continuous laminate then goes through further processing machinery where pads of the desired shape and dimension are cut out, and where pressure sensitive adhesive or friction increasing means may also be applied to the bottom surface.
  • the hydrogen bonding along the embossed lines which is provided during fabrication, has been found to be of sufficient strength to retain the integrity of the batt, and thus the entire structure, during normal use.
  • these hydrogen bonds are swiftly destroyed as the water penetrates the batt.
  • the batt will then delaminate and permit the major portion of the wood pulp fibers to disperse during normal flush-' ing action.
  • the cover sheet and backing element of course, will not disperse but they are considered sufficiently flexible to pass through a normally functioning toilet system without difficulty.
  • acrylic latexes are preferred for use as the bonding material between the cover sheet and the batt and also to secure the batt to the backing element
  • other flexible adhesives of similar nature may be used.
  • Suitable adhesives among the acrylics for example, included ethyl and methyl acrylates and their copolymers, and copolymers of ethyl acrylates, acrylamides and acrylic acid.
  • Other suitable adhesives include vinyl resins such as vinyl acetates and vinyl chlorides and combinations thereof, other synthetic latexes such as butadiene, acrylonitrile and styrene and copolymers thereof, natural gums, starches and the like.
  • Aqueous based adhesives are preferred of course for reasons mentioned earlier.
  • a surfactant may be added to the latex in amounts of 4 to 5 percent by weight based on latex solids in order to maintain absorbency. Any suitable surfactants may be employed for this purpose. Particularly suitable are sulfated or sulfonated organic compounds representative of which are the sodium diamyl to sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinates, sodium lauryl sulfates, sodium sulfoethyl methyl oleyl amides, and sodium sulfonates of alkylated phenols or benzenes. When any of these are employed they should be nontoxic in nature, of course.
  • the pad may be used in its basic form, it is preferred that it be provided with some garment attachment means.
  • a preferred means is a strip of pressuresensitive adhesive as described with respect to FIG. 5.
  • a thin, flexible foam layer such as polyurethane may also be used. Patches of friction increasing hot melts or the like may also be used.
  • the cover sheet may also be comprised of various materials and still function.
  • a preferred material is a non-woven web of stable length rayon fibers. Other fibers including absorbent and non-absorbent synthetics may be used. Spunbonded webs of continuous filaments such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters, nylon and the like may also be used. When the latter hydrophobic webs are used the pad retains a much drier surface when in use and such webs are sometimes preferred for that reason.
  • An elongate thin absorbent pad with soft flexible edges said pad comprising a fluid pervious cover sheet of non-woven fibers, a central absorbent batt of comminuted wood pulp fibers, and a fluid impervious backing element; said cover sheet, absorbent batt, and backing element being coextensive; the entire undersurface of said cover sheet being secured to said batt by a light overall layer of flexible adhesive which does not penetrate into the batt; said cover sheet and said batt having a spaced pattern of line embossments impressed therein; said line embossments extending primarily in the longitudinal direction of said pad and intersecting the edges and ends of said pad at spaced intervals; said line embossments defining areas of said batt in which the fibers have been moisture conditioned and sufficiently compacted in the z direction to form hydrogen bonds between those fibers disposed in said line embossment areas; said backing element being secured to the bottom of said batt by discrete adhesive segments disposed in a spaced pattern; the adhesive between said cover sheet

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US426521A 1973-12-20 1973-12-20 Thin, flexible absorbent pads Expired - Lifetime US3881490A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US426521A US3881490A (en) 1973-12-20 1973-12-20 Thin, flexible absorbent pads
MX154744A MX143464A (es) 1973-12-20 1974-11-01 Mejoras a almohadillas absorbentes felxibles y delgadas
AU75461/74A AU480665B2 (en) 1973-12-20 1974-11-18 Thin, flexible absorbent pads
BR10060/74A BR7410060A (pt) 1973-12-20 1974-12-02 Aperfeicoamento em almofada absorvente alongada e fina com bordas flexiveis e macias
GB53989/74A GB1480926A (en) 1973-12-20 1974-12-13 Thin flexible absorbent pads
NL7416252.A NL165373C (nl) 1973-12-20 1974-12-13 Absorberend verband.
CA216,135A CA1031503A (fr) 1973-12-20 1974-12-16 Tampons minces et souples
DE2460712A DE2460712B2 (de) 1973-12-20 1974-12-19 Absorptionsvortage und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
IT30757/74A IT1027830B (it) 1973-12-20 1974-12-19 Tampone assorbente sottile die tipo perfezionato
ZA00748125A ZA748125B (en) 1973-12-20 1974-12-20 Thin, flexible absorbent pads
FR7442332A FR2255046B1 (fr) 1973-12-20 1974-12-20

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US426521A US3881490A (en) 1973-12-20 1973-12-20 Thin, flexible absorbent pads

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3881490A true US3881490A (en) 1975-05-06

Family

ID=23691136

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US426521A Expired - Lifetime US3881490A (en) 1973-12-20 1973-12-20 Thin, flexible absorbent pads

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3881490A (fr)
BR (1) BR7410060A (fr)
CA (1) CA1031503A (fr)
DE (1) DE2460712B2 (fr)
FR (1) FR2255046B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1480926A (fr)
IT (1) IT1027830B (fr)
MX (1) MX143464A (fr)
NL (1) NL165373C (fr)
ZA (1) ZA748125B (fr)

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NL165373C (nl) 1981-04-15
MX143464A (es) 1981-05-18
DE2460712B2 (de) 1980-11-13
GB1480926A (en) 1977-07-27
FR2255046A1 (fr) 1975-07-18
CA1031503A (fr) 1978-05-23
DE2460712A1 (de) 1975-06-26
IT1027830B (it) 1978-12-20
AU7546174A (en) 1976-05-20
NL7416252A (nl) 1975-06-24
ZA748125B (en) 1976-01-28
BR7410060A (pt) 1976-05-25
NL165373B (nl) 1980-11-17
FR2255046B1 (fr) 1978-04-28

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