US3881326A - Device for and method of making a knitted band having a spiral zipper incorporated therein - Google Patents

Device for and method of making a knitted band having a spiral zipper incorporated therein Download PDF

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Publication number
US3881326A
US3881326A US334861A US33486173A US3881326A US 3881326 A US3881326 A US 3881326A US 334861 A US334861 A US 334861A US 33486173 A US33486173 A US 33486173A US 3881326 A US3881326 A US 3881326A
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Prior art keywords
spiral
zipper
band
threads
bands
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US334861A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alain Bourgeois
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Elastelle Paul Fontanille & Fils
Fontanille & Fils Elastelle
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Fontanille & Fils Elastelle
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
    • A44B19/24—Details
    • A44B19/34—Stringer tapes; Flaps secured to stringers for covering the interlocking members
    • A44B19/343—Knitted stringer tapes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
    • A44B19/42—Making by processes not fully provided for in one other class, e.g. B21D53/50, B21F45/18, B22D17/16, B29D5/00
    • A44B19/52—Securing the interlocking members to stringer tapes while making the latter
    • A44B19/56—Securing the interlocking members to stringer tapes while making the latter while knitting the stringer tapes

Definitions

  • Bourgeois May 6, 1975 DEVICE FOR AND METHOD OF MAKING A [56] References Cited KNITTED BAND HAVING A SPIRAL ZIPPER UNITED STATES PATENTS INCORPORATED THERE 3,651,666 3 1972 Austin at al. 66/86 75 Inventor: Alain Bourgeois, Le sejalat, France 3,657,904 4/l972 Austin at al. 66/86 3,685,474 8/l972 Frohllch et al. 66/86 [73] Assignee: Elastelle Paul Fontanille & Fils, Le 3,714,683 2/1973 Frohlich et al.
  • the present invention relates to a device for and [52] U S Cl 66/86 66/195 method making a knitted band having on one of its [51] Dog) 23/00 edges a zipper spiral for the purpose of forming one of [58] Field of Search 66/86, 195 a 6 Claims, 15 Drawing Figures PATENTEDHAY 6 I975 SHEET 3 if .3
  • the method generally employed in manufacturing both woven tape provided with a zipper spiral and knitted bands provided in like manner with a spiral consists of previously manufacturing the woven tape on a weaving loom or the knitted band on a warp knitting machine. and then sewing the closure spiral on one edge of this tape or this band.
  • manufactures are compelled, at the time of seaming, to compensate for the shrinking which the product will undergo during the course of dyeing operations by producing reverse deformations inside the product.
  • the difficulties which may be caused by such an operation can readily be understood; in the event of a bad regulation, the final result is to obtain a product having very imperfect flatness.
  • This method of weaving consists of adding to the two layers of warp threads an auxiliary layer of selvedge which follows the movement of one of the main layers, and of inserting between this main layer and the auxiliary layer an auxiliary thread which extends beyond one edge of the tape to form projecting loops. the amplitude of which are regulated by provid ing, parallel to the edge of the tape, a needle about which the loops are formed.
  • This auxiliary 'thread is made of a deformable material, so that the method can be completed by deforming the tops of the loops, in particular by flattening under heat, in order to give the projecting loops the required shape which will enable them to play the part of a hooking member in the interior of the zipper.
  • the weaving looms referred to above are slow looms having a productivity very much lower than that of knitting machines.
  • manufactures have carried out tests on warp knitting machines in order to try to insert directly. during the knitting of the band. the spiral of the zipper which is to this end brought close to one edge of the working zone in which the knitting is carried out.
  • the method adopted by these manufacturers consists of leading the zipper spiral to the edge of the working zone in a direction substantially parallel to that of the knitting needles, in order that this spiral may be placed between two needles which are separated by a sufficient distance to permit the passage of the spiral and its guide.
  • a thread is worked in a stitch on the two above-mentioned needles, while on the other side, a weft thread is guided so as to hook the stitches thus formed in such a manner that the spiral is maintained between a weft thread which forms a layer on one side of the spiral and a thread worked in stitches which forms a layer on the other side of the spiral and is attached to the first thread.
  • the spiral may be subjected to an oscillating movement (swinging movement) in the central plane between the needles. which plane is parallel to the common direction of the needles and perpendicular to the front of them.
  • the present invention relates to knitted bands. manufactured by making longitudinal columns of stitches connected to each other either by the threads which form the stitches or by additional weft threads. or by an association of threads which have the two functions. lt offers a method free from the above-mentioned disad vantages of other methods. thereby permitting the manufacture of a knitted band on one edge of which a spiral of a zipper is incorporated at the actual time of knitting.
  • this method consists of guiding towards a working zone extending over the width of the band. the threads required for knitting the band and the spiral of the zipper. the latter being guided in such manner as to come into proximity ofone edge of the working zone with its hooking means being turned towards the outside of the zone.
  • a pre-determincd. cycle of formation of stitches. according to known methods. is then worked so as to use the above-mentioned threads for the purpose of forming a piece of knitting constituted by columns of stitches connected to each other.
  • the spiral is given. on the edge ol'the band at the level of the working zone. a substantially rectilinear cyclic to-and-fro motion having a transverse direction with respect to the band formed. This causes the spiral to pass transversely through at least one column of stitches being formed on the edge of the band.
  • This cyclic movement of the spiral is combined with a longitudinal forward movement of the spiral which in turn is regulated in relation to the forma tion cycle of the stitches. ln this manner. each turn of the spiral becomes inserted in at least one stitch of at least one column of stitches on the knitted band's edge.
  • the present device and method thus eliminates the above-described disadvantages ofthe conventional methods and devices which consist of putting the spiral into position by seaming subsequent to formation of the band.
  • the invention since the invention utilizes knitting techniques and since the spiral is wholly formed at the movement when it is worked with the threads. the present method is freed from all the disadvantages of the weaving method referred to above.
  • the spiral is preferably guided towards the working zone of the knitting machine in a direction which is approximately orthogonal to the mean intake plane of the threads necessary for the knitting. the threads being guided in a layer towards the working zone. Due to the definite separation of the threads intake trajectories. this arrangement prevents the threads and the zipper spiral from being hooked upstream of the working zone. In addition. it facilitates the utilization of the subject method on warp knitting machines looms. since the space located in front of the needles (upstream of the working zone) is unoccupied in these machines. Distribution and guiding means for the spiral may thus be arranged immediately in front of the needles. In this way. deformation of the spiral between the distribution and guiding means and the front of the needles will be very small. while the spiral's positioning by the guiding means will be extremely accurate thereby contributing to excellent uniformity of insertion of the spiral.
  • the band produced with an incorporated zipper spiral is guided at its outlet from the working zone in a direction very approximately orthogonal to the mean intake plane of the threads required for knitting. This arrangement results in a tighter grip of the stitches around the spiral as well as reducing the angular deformations of the spiral.
  • each band provided with a zipper spiral on its edge.
  • the spirals thus associated in pairs are interconnected one in the other in the same way as the spirals of a zipper in the closed position.
  • the corresponding spirals of the various pairs are freed and removed from each other and are each guided towards separate working zones in which the above-mentioned method is utilized. At the outlet of these zones. the bands with homologous spirals are joined together and fixed by hooking of their spirals. In the case where several pairs of bands are manufactured simultaneously. auxiliary threads are provided between pairs of bands so as to bind together facing edges of the adjacent bands at the moment of knitting.
  • the invention also relates to a rectilinear warp knitting machine modifted so as to permit the utilization of the subject method. in a conventional manner.
  • this knitting machine comprises means for distributing threads. needles subjected to an alternating movement to enable them to form the stitches on the stitch threads.
  • guiding means such as thread guiding tubes actuated so as to guide the threads towards a working zone in front of the needles.
  • tensioning means for the knitting produced located at the outlet of the working zone.
  • a trick plate intended to carry out the clearing of the stitches.
  • driving means associated with transmission means intended to give the appropriate movements to the various members of the machine.
  • This machine is further equipped with means for distributing at least one zipper spiral and with a member for guiding the spiral to the working zone. This member being located in proximity to the working zone.
  • the spiral guiding member is driven in a cyclic. substantially rectilinear to-and-fro movement independent of the movements of the thread-guiding members. causing the spiral to pass transversely in front of and to each side of at least one needle.
  • said needle or needles being arranged at the selvedge of the working zone for the purpose of forming at least one column of stitches located at the edge of the knitted band.
  • Such needle or needles are separated from the other needles by a distance at least equai to the transverse dimension (width) of the abovementioned zipper spiral. so that during the course of the spirals movement it is able to be engaged in this space between such separated needle or needles and the remaining needles.
  • the knitting machine may also be of the Rachel type in which the needles and the thread-guiding member are arranged approximately face to face in the same vertical plane.
  • a machine of this kind modified in order to utilize the method according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6a. 6b. 6c. 60. 60. 6f. 6g. 6h. 6i. 6 of the accompanying drawings. These drawings will be described later.
  • the invention covers a knitted band having turns and on one of its edges with a spiral ofa zipper provided conventional hooking means and characterized in that each turn of the spiral is inserted in at least one stitch of at least one column of stitches located on the edge of the band. the turns being maintained therein by these stitches which form loops around the turns.
  • each band of the said layer is coupled by its longitudinal. spiral-free edge to the longitudinal. spiral-free edge of an adjacent band. and is fixed by its incorporated spiral to the spiral of the other adjacent band.
  • FIG. I is a view in perspective of a portion of spiral of a conventional zipper
  • FIGS. 2. 3 and 4 are diagrams showing the edge of three knitted bands according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a simplified perspective view of the working parts of a straight warp knitting machine of the Rachel type modified in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGS. 6a. 6b. 6c. 6d. 60. 6f, 6g. 6h. 61' and 6j are partial diagrams of the loom shown in FIG. 5 during the course of working. these being intended to facilitate the understanding of the method the present invention. the process of which has been divided into ten successive stages.
  • the zipper spirals utilized in the examples shown are of the same type as those shown diagrammatically in FIG. I. They are of synthetic material. in particular of nylon. and comprise flattened turns each made up of a coupling zone 1 and on the opposite side by hooking heads such as 2.
  • the pitch of the spiral is equal to the longitudinal dimension of a turn. while the transverse dimension of these latter (distance between zone 1 and hooking head 2) will be referred to as the width of the spiral.
  • FIG. 2 shows the edge of a knitted band according to the invention. in which each turn of a zipper spiral 3 of the type described above is inserted in a stitch such as 4 of a column of stitches 5 formed by a single stitch thread worked in chain-stitch. This column of stitches 5 is connected to the column of adjacent stitches 6 of the band by a weft thread 7. It is seen that the spiral 3 is incorporated in the stitches of the knitted band in the absence of any thread foreign to the latter.
  • the pitch ofthe spiral is equal to the pitch of the stitches.
  • FIG. 3 there has been shown the edge of a knitted band in which each turn of a zipper spiral 8 is inserted in two stitches of an edge of chain-stitch 9.
  • the pitch of the stitches is equal to one-half the pitch of the spiral. It is quite clear that it would be possible in the same way to insert each turn of a spiral in a greater number n of stitches of a chain-stitch. the pitch of the stitches relative to the pitch of the spiral being then equal to III].
  • FIG. 4 there has been shown the edge of a knitted band in which each column of stitches is formed by two different threads 10 and II.
  • each turn of a spiral I2 is inserted in a stitch of the column of edge stitches I3 formed by the threads 10 and II.
  • the pitch of the spiral is equal to the pitch of the stitch. and the threads of stitches play the part of weft threads between two adjacent columns of stitches.
  • FIG. 5 The modified Rachel knitting machine shown in FIG. 5, makes it possible during knitting of the band to incorporate closure spirals directly on the edge of the knitted bands.
  • FIG. 5 doen not show source of the various standard and well known parts which make up Rachel knitting machines. such as transmission means. distribution beams for the threads. dividing comb. frame. etc.
  • thread distribution means 14 such as guide the threads 15 to a working zone.
  • These guide needles are subjected to the usual cyclic movements. well known in the art. which differ for a given cycle depending on whether the guide needles considered guide a thread which forms the stitch or guide a weft thread.
  • Facing the guide needles are standard latch needles l6. intended to form the stitches which are then retained by the teeth of a conventional trick plate 17. Behind the latch needles is locatcd a tensioning roller 18 intended to guide the formed band 19 at its outlet from the working zone.
  • tension roller I8 is not modified, but its direction of rotation is reversed with respect to the usual direction of rotation. Therefore, the band formed is guided at its outlet in a substantially horizontal plane by making contact with the generator lines located at the edge of the roller. instead of being guided in a plane very close to that of the latch needles and wound underneath the roller as is the case in standard Rachel looms.
  • the direction of rotation of the roller. then. is the same as the movement of the formed band.
  • a holding bar is provided above the band in order to prevent upward movements of the band caused by the movements of the needles.
  • a guide tube 21 is arranged facing the needles 16 close to the latch needle located at the edge or selvedge of the working zone.
  • Guide tube 21 is given a cyclic. rectilinear to-and-fro movement causing it to pass in front and to each side of this edge latch needle.
  • Guidetube 21 has an oblong section having a size slightly greater than that of zipper spiral 22 which tube 2I is intended to guide.
  • the spiral 22 guided by tube 21 passes through the tube and emerges therefrom close to the edge needle 16.
  • This edge needle is separated from the other latch needles by a distance slightly greater than the width of spiral 22 in order that the spiral may be engaged. at the outlet of tube 21. in the space provided between the edge needle and the other needles without risk of being hooked.
  • the guide-tube 21 has been fixed on the ironwork 23 of the moving comb (not shown) which is generally provided on Rachel knitting machines and which has become useless in view of the presence of the tensioning roller 18 and holding bar 20 provided at the outlet of the working zone. It can thus be seen that the modifications made to the loom are of a minor nature.
  • any known mechanical means may be utilized in the present invention to impart the aforementioned transverse movement to the guide tube 21.
  • a cam with connecting linkage similar to that disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3.657.904.
  • the cyclic. to-and-fro movement of guide tube 2 which as mentioned above is fixed to ironwork 23, may be obtained from the mechanical device (not shown) normally utilized in this type of knitting ma chine to actuate the guide needles [4.
  • a rotatable cam drives a push-rod 31 which is provided at one end with a roller 32, roller 32 being maintained against the cam surface 33 of cam 30 by a return spring (not shown).
  • Push rod 3] is connected to ironwork 23 by bracket 34 and rod 35.
  • spiral 22 The forward movement of spiral 22 is regulated by means of a very simple device constituted by a threaded shaft 24 mounted in grooved plate 25, the surface of the groove and the threads of shaft 24 forming and defining a longitudinal passage in which spiral 22 is housed.
  • the pitch of the threads is made equal to the pitch of the spiral in order that each turn of the spiral falls flat in a natural manner in the various transverse channels formed by the threads of shaft 24.
  • This shaft is driven by an appropriate transmission coupled to the knitting machine driving means, at an angular speed of one shaft revolution to n cycles of the knitting machine (n whole). a cycle of the knitting machine loom corresponding to the formation of a stitch on a given needle. For example, if this number is equal to l. spiral 22 will advance by one turn per stitch formed on the edge needle. resulting in each turn of the spiral being inserted in a single stitch of the chain-stitch formed on the edge of the knitted band. If n is equal to 2. as has been assumed in the subsequent figures. each turn of spiral 22 will be inserted in two stitches of the edge chain-stitch.
  • FIG. 6d shows this needle in mid-travel as it moves downwards.
  • the loop 26 closes the latch by sliding over the needle body.
  • the needle is again located at its bottom position. known as the doffing position. and the loop shown by the reference 26 has formed a stitch whinch maintains the coupling zone of a turn at a point 27. A new loop 28 has become formed in the hook of the needle.
  • the guide-tube 21 is given a transverse movement towards the right which brings it to the right of the needle, as shown in FIG. 6f. the needle prepared to move up on the left of the guide-tube and the spiral.
  • each of said zipper spirals having a plurality of turns with a plurality of hooking means extending outwardly therefrom. said zipper spirals being hooked together so as to join said pair of knitted bands. said method comprising the steps of:
  • a retilinear warp-knitting machine for forming a knitted band having a zipper spiral securely incorpostitch threads and weft threads in longitudinal colrated into a longitudinal edge thereof said zipper spiral having a plurality of turns with a plurality of hooking means extending outwardly therefrom and said knitting machine having a working zone wherein said band is formed.
  • a plurality of essentially parallel latch needles arranged face-to-face with said thread guiding members in essentially parallel vertical planes.
  • said needles moving in an alternating fashion to form the stitches of said band with at least one of said needles being separated form the remaining needles at the selvedge of said working zone by a distance approximately equal to the transverse dimension of said zipper spiral.
  • said separated needle forming at least one column of stitches located on the longitudinal edge of said knitted band;
  • tubular guiding member through which said zipper spiral passes located between said spiral distributing means and said working zone proximate to said working zone and axially perpencicular to the plane of said needles.
  • said tubular guiding member being disposed to move independently of said thread guiding members in an essentially uniform. rectilinear cyclic manner perpendicular to its longitudinal axis and parallel with the plane of said band so as to pass transversely in front of and to each side of said separated needle.
  • tubular guiding member repeatedly moving said zipper spiral to alternate sides of said separated needle in a direction transverse to and in the same plane with the band being formed so as to pass at least one of said threads on both sides of each turn of said zipper spiral to secure each turn in at least one stitch of said band at its longitudinal exterior edge; and tensioning means located at the outlet of said working zone for guiding said knitted band having said 7 zipper spiral incorporated therein.
  • a knitting machine wherein a horizontal holding bar parallel to the plane of said needles is located at the outlet of said working zone above said knitted band to prevent upward movements of said band caused by the movement of said needles, and wherein said tensioning means comprises a roller disposed to rotate in the same direction as the movement of said zipper spiral and said knitted band.
  • said spiral distributing means comprises a threaded shaft seated in a grooved plate, the threads of said shaft having a pitch approximately equal to that of said zipper spiral, said zipper spiral being housed in the continuous passageway defined by said threads and the surface of the groove in said plate.

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  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Decoration Of Textiles (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners (AREA)
US334861A 1972-03-01 1973-02-22 Device for and method of making a knitted band having a spiral zipper incorporated therein Expired - Lifetime US3881326A (en)

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FR7207065A FR2182606B1 (pt) 1972-03-01 1972-03-01

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US (1) US3881326A (pt)
JP (1) JPS4931446A (pt)
AU (1) AU468278B2 (pt)
BE (1) BE795082A (pt)
BR (1) BR7301564D0 (pt)
CA (1) CA1004869A (pt)
CH (1) CH570254A5 (pt)
DD (1) DD103471A5 (pt)
DE (1) DE2309456A1 (pt)
ES (2) ES411782A1 (pt)
FR (1) FR2182606B1 (pt)
GB (1) GB1428234A (pt)
IL (1) IL41487A (pt)
IT (1) IT979224B (pt)
LU (1) LU67015A1 (pt)
NL (1) NL7302818A (pt)
NO (1) NO134064C (pt)
OA (1) OA04340A (pt)
PL (1) PL83553B1 (pt)
RO (1) RO69061A (pt)
SU (1) SU520018A3 (pt)
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4075874A (en) * 1976-05-20 1978-02-28 Optilon W. Erich Heilmann Gmbh Slide-fastener stringer half with knitted-in coupling elements and method of making same
US4137733A (en) * 1976-05-20 1979-02-06 Optilon W. Erich Heilmann Gmbh Slide-fastener-stringer half with knitted-in coupling elements and method of making same
US4492098A (en) * 1980-07-12 1985-01-08 Optilon W. Erich Heilmann Gmbh Method of making a slide fastener coupling strip
US4543805A (en) * 1980-07-12 1985-10-01 Yoshida Kogyo K.K. Method of attaching a separable slide fastener to knit fabrics
KR100865066B1 (ko) * 2008-07-18 2008-10-23 이성근 후렌지 경편기의 상부바늘 구동장치
CN1883330B (zh) * 2005-06-24 2010-04-14 Ykk株式会社 经编拉链带的生产机器
CN105163623A (zh) * 2013-12-26 2015-12-16 Ykk株式会社 编织型拉链带条制造装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3026488C2 (de) * 1980-07-12 1984-09-13 Optilon W. Erich Heilmann GmbH, Cham Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Reißverschlußstreifens und nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Reißverschlußstreifen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3651666A (en) * 1970-06-29 1972-03-28 Lightning Fasteners Ltd Sliding clasp fastener stringers
US3657904A (en) * 1970-07-06 1972-04-25 Lightning Fasteners Ltd Sliding clasp fastener stringers
US3685474A (en) * 1970-04-04 1972-08-22 Opti Holding Ag Method of making side-fastener stringers
US3714683A (en) * 1970-04-04 1973-02-06 Opti Holding Ag Slide-fastener stringer with stitched-on coupling element
US3762002A (en) * 1970-04-04 1973-10-02 Opti Holding Ag Slide-fastener stringer with knit tape

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3685474A (en) * 1970-04-04 1972-08-22 Opti Holding Ag Method of making side-fastener stringers
US3714683A (en) * 1970-04-04 1973-02-06 Opti Holding Ag Slide-fastener stringer with stitched-on coupling element
US3762002A (en) * 1970-04-04 1973-10-02 Opti Holding Ag Slide-fastener stringer with knit tape
US3651666A (en) * 1970-06-29 1972-03-28 Lightning Fasteners Ltd Sliding clasp fastener stringers
US3657904A (en) * 1970-07-06 1972-04-25 Lightning Fasteners Ltd Sliding clasp fastener stringers

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4075874A (en) * 1976-05-20 1978-02-28 Optilon W. Erich Heilmann Gmbh Slide-fastener stringer half with knitted-in coupling elements and method of making same
US4137733A (en) * 1976-05-20 1979-02-06 Optilon W. Erich Heilmann Gmbh Slide-fastener-stringer half with knitted-in coupling elements and method of making same
US4492098A (en) * 1980-07-12 1985-01-08 Optilon W. Erich Heilmann Gmbh Method of making a slide fastener coupling strip
US4543805A (en) * 1980-07-12 1985-10-01 Yoshida Kogyo K.K. Method of attaching a separable slide fastener to knit fabrics
CN1883330B (zh) * 2005-06-24 2010-04-14 Ykk株式会社 经编拉链带的生产机器
KR100865066B1 (ko) * 2008-07-18 2008-10-23 이성근 후렌지 경편기의 상부바늘 구동장치
CN105163623A (zh) * 2013-12-26 2015-12-16 Ykk株式会社 编织型拉链带条制造装置
CN105163623B (zh) * 2013-12-26 2019-01-15 Ykk株式会社 编织型拉链带条制造装置

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ES439047A1 (es) 1977-02-16
RO69061A (ro) 1981-08-30
ES411782A1 (es) 1976-05-16
OA04340A (fr) 1980-01-31
BR7301564D0 (pt) 1974-05-16
GB1428234A (en) 1976-03-17
ZA73854B (en) 1973-11-28
SU520018A3 (ru) 1976-06-30
LU67015A1 (pt) 1973-04-19
IL41487A (en) 1976-12-31
FR2182606B1 (pt) 1974-08-30
DE2309456A1 (de) 1973-09-06
NL7302818A (pt) 1973-09-04
CA1004869A (fr) 1977-02-08
IL41487A0 (en) 1973-04-30
IT979224B (it) 1974-09-30
AU5212873A (en) 1974-08-15
DD103471A5 (pt) 1974-01-20
PL83553B1 (pt) 1975-12-31
NO134064B (pt) 1976-05-03
BE795082A (fr) 1973-05-29
JPS4931446A (pt) 1974-03-20
NO134064C (pt) 1976-08-11
CH570254A5 (pt) 1975-12-15
FR2182606A1 (pt) 1973-12-14
AU468278B2 (en) 1976-01-08

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