US3877525A - Flame-guard device for isolating and stepping of premises - Google Patents

Flame-guard device for isolating and stepping of premises Download PDF

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Publication number
US3877525A
US3877525A US381609A US38160973A US3877525A US 3877525 A US3877525 A US 3877525A US 381609 A US381609 A US 381609A US 38160973 A US38160973 A US 38160973A US 3877525 A US3877525 A US 3877525A
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Prior art keywords
set forth
screen
breadths
screens
water
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Expired - Lifetime
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US381609A
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English (en)
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Jean Henri Husson
Marie Simonel
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/10—Fire-proof curtains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new flame-guard device designed to be placed in various premises. It is well known that it is required, in case of fire, to divide the premises as well as their clearances into as many compartments as possible to prevent or at least to minimize the spreading of a fire and its indirect effects: combustion gas and smoke. This requirement appears up to now very difficult to realize in public premises and in large size premises such as commercial centers, halls of large buildings, large underground parking places, etc,...
  • the present invention completely solves said problems by creating a new flame'guard device with a small bulkiness which can consequently be easily placed in various premises and, if required, be kept out of sight.
  • the device of the invention is also very light, of a very quick operation without any risk of bad working and cannot cause any injury even if it is operated while there are still people moving on. In fact people can, at any moment, pass through it anywhere, without having to look for a special exit and without its function as a flame-guard device being annihilated, even if there is one or a plurality of obstacles in the way it has to follow during its unfurling. Besides, it provides a reduction of the temperature increase due to a fire and can be adapted to any form of premises.
  • the device comprises at least one liquid-porous flexible screen which is wound close to the ceiling of a premises, means to operate the unrolling of said screen at the outbreak of a fire, and means to ensure impregnation of the screen with a liquid and flow of said liquid on the whole surface of the screen when said screen is unrolled.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a first embodiment of the flame-guard device of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an explicative diagrammatic partly sectional view.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic plan view showing an assembling of various devices according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic sectional view showing a modification of. the invention.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 are partial perspective views showing different ways for mounting the device of the invention.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrammatic sectional views of a first variant.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are diagrammatic elevation views showing a modification of the invention.
  • FIGS. 12a and 12b are a partial perspective view of a variant of the modification of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing a further variant.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagrammatic perspective view similar to FIG. 13 showing another embodiment.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 are perspective views of other variants.
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the flame-guard device of the invention.
  • FIGS. 18a and 18b show the front view and cross view of the curtain.
  • FIGS. 1- 3 show an embodiment of the invention wherein the device is contained in a housing generally designated by reference numeral 1, which housing is, for example, made of sheet metal and has a substantially parallelepipedic shape with notched ends, as shown in 2 and 3 in FIG. 3.
  • the housing supports by means of lugs 4, 4a drums 5, 5a placed on spindles 6, 6a.
  • the drums 5, 5a respectively support, rolled up on each of them, at least one screen 7, 7a, respectively.
  • each screen is divided in several breadths 7 7 7 and respectively 7a,, 711 7a,, which are set off by half a pitch.
  • the breadth 7 is overlapping the breadths 7a,, 7a,; the breadth 7 is overlapping the breadths 7u 7%; etc...
  • the screens 7, 7a can be made of different materials, for example of genuine or synthetic cloth which may or not be fireproofed. Woven or not, and possible combustible vegetable materials, can also be used, said materials being fireproofed or not.
  • the material of the screens is selected so that they have capillary structures enabling the regular supply of water from ramps 12, 12a on the whole height and on the whole width of each breadth.
  • the materials are besides selected among those enabling water running down their thickness to exude towards the surface of the breadths.
  • Such materials can, typically, be constituted by means of directed fibers, especially glass fibers or fibers of other materials, comprising for example a core delimiting channels, ducts or passages extending from top to bottom, said core being encompassed by layers of coating whose fibers are directed diagonally to the fibers of the core, thus water which has to impregnate the screens tends this to be well distributed on the whole surface of said screens.
  • the screens 7, 7a are preferably rolled up in an opposite direction on their respective drums 5, 5a to enable said screens, when unrolled from the two drums, to be brought one against each other, or at least to an immediate proximity.
  • the radius decrease as the screens 7, 7a are unrolling said decrease being represented in a slotted line in FIG. 2
  • guides 8, 8a are placed beneath the drums at a short distance from each other and on which pass said screens formed by the plurality of breadths.
  • the guides 8, 8a can be made in various ways, for example as represented, they can be constituted by means of rolls placed on spindles 9, being themselves placed at the end of arms and struts 11 (FIG. 1) to be connected to the housing 1.
  • the guides 8, 8a can also be constituted by mere fixed bars, or it is also possible that the struts 11 be fixed to a resilient element tending to push the rolls or bars against each other to provide the screens 7, 7a to be brought together in contact or practically in contact.
  • Said guides 8, 8a can also be constituted by tubes and, in such a case, said tubes are advantageously provided with holes to constitute suppliers for water or other liquids provided to impregnate the screens 7 7a, when said screens are unrolled from the drums 5, 5a to form a fire-guard screen.
  • weights 13 for example constituted by a metal bar extending on the whole width of each breadth, said metal bar being fixed on the side of each breadth which is opposite to the side in front of another breadth.
  • the weights 13 provide, at the end of the screens, a free segment 14 designed to bear on the ground when the screens are completely unrolled, and then to form a tight joint, whatever be the pressures applied on the screen itself.
  • the spindles 6, 6a of the drums, or the drums themselves can be retained by a melting element whose melting is caused by an abnormal increase of the temperature; it is also possible that a smoke detector be holding the drums; a hand brake can also be designed as well as any other required devices.
  • detecting devices of different nature can be utilized simultaneously in view of enabling the screens to be unrolled, with no difference, either from a hand control, or if smokes are detected, or still in the absence of smoke but if the temperature increases beyond a determined threshold, or yet if any ambient perturbation caused by an outbreak of fire is detected.
  • housing 1b it is also possible to place the devices for them to form an angle (one in relation with the other) which is illustrated by housing 1b.
  • the breadth 7- is brought against the breadth 7 or at least in the close vicinity of the latter, when all the screens are unrolled.
  • FIG. 4 shows a modification of the invention which takes into consideration the fact that in case of a fire in the premises, the temperature, in a first step, tends to increase more at the upper portion of the premises.
  • a tank 15 is placed in recess respectively to the water projection ramps 12, and the lower portion of the tank or its lateral side is connected to a baffle plate 16 leading to the area of the screen 7 having passed upon the guide 8.
  • Each ramp 12 is then pro vided with projection nozzles 17 and 18, the nozzles 17 being directed, as represented, towards the drum 5, while the nozzles 18 are directed towards the screen 7.
  • the lower part of the tank 15 as well as the baffleplate 16 can be construed in an aesthetic way to constitute hiding places which are not prejudicial to the appearance of a ceiling above which the device of the invention is placed.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 show that the device of the invention can be adapted to the shape of a building.
  • the housing 1 of each device is fixed by angle-irons 19 at the sub-side ofa floor pavingstone 20.
  • the housing 1 is fixed, on one hand, or a girder or a rail 24 and, on the other hand, to the floor paving-stone 20 by means of ties 25.
  • each housing be bored with ventilating holes 26.
  • FIG. 8 shows an arrangement wherein the device is placed between the floor paving-stone 20 and the ceiling 22 which can be at a short distance one another.
  • the guides 8 are supported either by the paving stone 20, or by the ceiling 22 wherein is designed a slot 30.
  • Anchorages 31 are then designed on the top of the ceiling 22 to retain an end of the screens 7, 7a which are respectively rolled up around a bar or a roll 32, 32a, respectively, retained by a cable, a rod or other maintaining component 33 on which can be placed fire or smoke detectors 34, 34a.
  • the detectors 34, 34a release the retaining rolls 32, 32a, and the weights 13 drive the screens to the ground.
  • the watering ramps 12 are, in that case, placed either on the top of ceiling 22, or beneath the floor pavingstone, or in the guides 8.
  • FIG. 9 shows another simplified embodiment which is particularly efficient where premises of small volume are concerned because it enables, if required, to utilize only one screen.
  • said screen' is rolled up, as represented with the weights 13 thereof advantageously placed at the central portion of the constituted roll; then the whole screen is retained by a flap 35 hinged on one side around hinge 36 and maintained on its other side by the detector 34.
  • the flap is opened due to the breaking of the detector 34 and the screen unrolls by itself.
  • At least one watering ramp 12 is designed for the impregnation of the screen with water and, if required,to make the water to run down.
  • the free segment 14 ensures to the breadths an excess of length when they are down, which provides a tightness with the ground, even if said breadths are submitted to possible motions caused by pressures or depressions applied to the screen.
  • FIG. shows that it is further advantageous to provide at least the lateral side of the end breadths directed towards a wall or a partition 38 with lateral fringes 37 which ensure, when they are impregnated, a very good tightness between the screen, the wall or partition, and even if the sheet is moved with respect to the wall.
  • the fringes 37 can have various shapes and especially be designed to mutually overlap each other.
  • FIG. 11 shows lateral fringes 37 constituted in a finger-stalls type with their end 37a closed and their end 3717 open, in order to recuperate the water which has been sprayed and which is running down on the breadth, thus ensuring an excellent tightness with the wall 38, in that the water contained by the fringes tends to incline the same as is represented.
  • FIG. 12a illustrates another embodiment wherein the lateral edge of at least the end breadths, 7, 7a are each provided with a sleeve 39, for example made of thin cloth in order not to constitute an overthickness when the breadth is rolled up on the drum or otherwise folded.
  • the sleeve 39 is connected to the water or other liquid supplying device, thus after unrolling the breadth, said sleeve is inflated as shown in 39a in FIG. 12a and maintained in slight over pressure by the water passing in the cloth.
  • the sleeve 39a which then forms a pad, ensures an excellent tightness and some water runs also down the wall.
  • the breadths 7 7 constituting the screen 7 are provided, on one or on the two sides thereof, or in the portion forming a core when the breadths are made of multiple layers, with small ducts 37, 38 which can be more or less porous and which run at different heights as represented, in order to bring water coming from the ramp 12 at different levels of the screen.
  • FIG. 14 shows another arrangement wherein horizontally extending pads 39 are placed, on each breadth transversely to them.
  • the pads 39 are fixed, for example through sewing, on the side of each breadth which is directed towards the area to be protected. Due to the existence of the pads 39, water running down in the direction of the arrow f tends to accumulate above each of said pads thus constituting a storage area which impregnates the breadth.
  • the breadths are made like strips 40, 40a and 41, 41a exactly as the previously mentioned breadths, but said strips are then very narrow by comparison with said previously considered breadths.
  • Said arrangement enables to constitute said strips 40, 41 by means of braided fibers which can delimit an inner duct, or by means of overlapped strips providing ducts 42 between them.
  • the strips 40, 41 are of course porous to let the water exuding on the whole surface in a substantially regular way.
  • tubular cords 43, 43a, 43b and 44, 44a which mutually overlap each other as are doing the breadths of the screens 7, 7a.
  • each strip or each cord is provided, near its lower end, with a weight having the same width as that of the strip or cord and leaving beneath the same a free segment designed to bear on the ground.
  • the drums 4, 4a are arranged in taking into consideration the shape of the screens.
  • the drums are constituted by a succession of pulleys.
  • FIG. 17 shows a variant making possible to roll up the successive breadths 7, 7' 7' on a single drum 5,.
  • the drawing shows that the breadths 7 partly cover, for example on half of their width, the breadths 7' 7 and that the breadths 7' cover in the same way the breadths 7' and Ta.
  • Weights 13 are placed on the outer side of the successive breadths 7, 7'a. and weights 13a are in the same way on the outer side of the breadths 7' 7' thus said weights.
  • the weights ensure unrolling of the breadths from the drum 5, and the maintaining thereof under stress while the segments 14 and 14a form tight joints with the ground, and they apply also the breadths 7, 7 'a-against the breadths 7,, 7 2.
  • the housing 1 in such a way that it will form a guide, by means of a rib 45, for the successive breadths.
  • the rib 45 and an upwards edge 46 delimit then retaining elements for a certain amount of water 47 in the bottom of the housing, said water accumulates when the projection ramps 12, 12a placed into the housing are themselves supplied to impregnate the breadths.
  • the rib 45 forms a baffle-plate to regularly distribute the water on the whole length of the breadths when they are unrolled and the water contained in the bottom of the housing prevents deterioration of said housing even if it is reached by flames.
  • a fire-protecting device comprising:
  • Device as set forth in claim 2, further including two parallel drums placed in a housing and on which are rolled up the at least one breadth, said drums being off set by a distance substantially corresponding to a half width of the breadth.
  • Device as set forth in claim 3, comprising parallel horizontal guides against which pass the breadths unrolled from the drums, whereby the screens formed by said breadths and coming from parallel drums are brought to an immediate vicinity of each other to form a fire-proof partition when they are impregnated with a liquid.
  • weights are fixed to each breadth, at some distance from the free end thereof to provide a free segment of screen beneath said weights whereby said weights cause unrolling of the breadths, said free segment resting on the ground forming a tight joint therewith.
  • each screen is anchored to a floor paving-stone at the underside thereof by one end and held rolled up on a flap being part of a ceiling placed beneath said pavingstone.
  • Device as set forth in claim 1, further comprising detecting elements sensitive to a temperature threshold, to the presence of smoke or other data related to a fire, said detectors causing locking of the screens in folded position.
  • the screens comprise end breadths, at least said end breadths being provided with fringes to constitute tightness joints with a wall or with another screen.
  • the screen is constituted of a succession of breadths comprising substantially vertical ducts opening at the upper portion thereof close to liquid supplying means and opening at the lower portion thereof at different levels.
  • the screen is constituted of fibers comprising a core made of directed fibers to provide water to run down through said web in a vertical direction, said core being covered on each side thereof by coating fibers diagonally directed to said core whereby causing water to exude towards the surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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US381609A 1972-08-03 1973-07-23 Flame-guard device for isolating and stepping of premises Expired - Lifetime US3877525A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7228074A FR2195162A5 (fr) 1972-08-03 1972-08-03
FR7246787A FR2212759A6 (fr) 1972-08-03 1972-12-28

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US (1) US3877525A (fr)
CH (1) CH573756A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE2339352C3 (fr)
FR (2) FR2195162A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1439865A (fr)

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US4077474A (en) * 1975-02-14 1978-03-07 Tadashi Hattori Flame and smoke shutoff system
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WO1990000422A1 (fr) * 1988-07-05 1990-01-25 Zapspar Ltd. Appareil de protection contre le feu et l'eau pour articles de valeur
EP0390428A2 (fr) * 1989-03-27 1990-10-03 Albany International Corp. Porte roulante ignifuge
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FR2779354A1 (fr) * 1998-06-09 1999-12-10 Morozov Stanisla Moyen pour la protection pare-feu, rideau pare-feu et procede contre le feu
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US7028742B2 (en) 2001-08-27 2006-04-18 Smoke Guard Corporation System and method for sealing openings in response to smoke, noxious fumes, or contaminated air using a roll-down barrier
US20050061452A1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2005-03-24 Smoke Guard Corporation System and method for sealing openings in response to smoke, noxious fumes, or contaminated air using a roll-down barrier
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US20030066252A1 (en) * 2001-10-09 2003-04-10 Efaflex Tor-Und Sicherheitssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Gate arrangement for closure of a passageway between rooms with markedly different temperatures
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US6918447B2 (en) 2003-01-31 2005-07-19 Edward L. Robinson, Jr. Fire protection apparatus and method
WO2005105219A1 (fr) * 2004-04-27 2005-11-10 Andreas Peter Hoffmann Materiau flexible, ressemblant au textile et absorbant les liquides utilise en tant que protection ignifuge et/ou calorifuge dans des applications stationnaires ou mobiles
US20060083920A1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Jens Schnabel External structure fire protection system "ESFPS"
US7395869B2 (en) * 2004-10-14 2008-07-08 Jens Schnabel External structure fire protection system “ESFPS”
US20060150533A1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-13 Yu-Chang Lin Double-layer fireproof curtain apparatus
DE102005014672A1 (de) * 2005-03-29 2006-10-12 M+W Zander Gebäudetechnik GmbH Belüftungssystem
US7299848B2 (en) 2005-04-12 2007-11-27 Smoke Guard, Inc. Closure member control systems, including door control systems for barrier housings, and associated methods
US20060226103A1 (en) * 2005-04-12 2006-10-12 Smoke Guard, Division Of Rectorseal Corporation Closure member control systems, including door control systems for barrier housings, and associated methods
US20080128095A1 (en) * 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Van Zutven Petrus Egbertus Wil Awning comprising an integrated spraying installation
US7871017B2 (en) * 2006-11-30 2011-01-18 Alcre (Best) B.V. Awning comprising an integrated spraying installation
CN100595414C (zh) * 2007-07-24 2010-03-24 陈永安 防爆水能驱动装置的防火卷帘
US20110203750A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2011-08-25 Cloninger James N Barrier systems and associated methods, including vapor and/or fire barrier systems
US8646510B2 (en) 2007-07-26 2014-02-11 James N. Cloninger Barrier systems and associated methods, including vapor and/or fire barrier systems
US20090250174A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2009-10-08 Cloninger James N Barrier systems and associated methods, including vapor and/or fire barrier systems
US20100024992A1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2010-02-04 Smoke Guard, Inc. Barrier systems and associated methods, including vapor and/or fire barrier systems
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US8016017B2 (en) 2007-07-26 2011-09-13 Smoke Guard, Inc. Barrier systems and associated methods, including vapor and/or fire barrier systems
US7735539B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2010-06-15 Nohara Guard System Co. Ltd. Fire-resistant smoke-suppressant device
US20090165963A1 (en) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-02 Satoshi Nakamura Fire-resistant smoke-suppressant device
US20100243175A1 (en) * 2009-03-30 2010-09-30 Gonzales Curtis P Barrier systems and associated methods, including vapor and/or fire barrier systems with manual egress
US20100294437A1 (en) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-25 Gonzales Curtis P Barrier systems with programmable acceleration profile and auto-retries for pressured egress
US8403070B1 (en) 2009-10-16 2013-03-26 Ryan Lowe Automated exterior fire protective system
US20110088918A1 (en) * 2009-10-19 2011-04-21 Smoke Guard, Inc. Fire-rated multilayer fabric with intumescent layer
CN102284155A (zh) * 2011-05-05 2011-12-21 李忠友 火灾中通道、隧道隔断装置
US9127501B1 (en) * 2012-01-10 2015-09-08 Stoebich Brandschutz Gmbh Lead system for a fire and smoke protection device
US20160047161A1 (en) * 2013-03-28 2016-02-18 Dong-Sub Park Fireproof doorframe having water curtain and construction method therefor
CN108601963B (zh) * 2015-12-14 2021-10-08 库珀斯消防有限公司 防火或防烟屏障
CN108601963A (zh) * 2015-12-14 2018-09-28 库珀斯消防有限公司 防火或防烟屏障
EP3389797A1 (fr) * 2015-12-14 2018-10-24 Coopers Fire Limited Barrière de protection contre le feu ou la fumée
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US11154736B2 (en) * 2015-12-14 2021-10-26 Coopers Fire Limited Fire or smoke barrier
CN108316499A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2018-07-24 重庆谦谦装饰工程有限公司 高层建筑防火结构
US10988983B1 (en) * 2020-06-12 2021-04-27 Michael A. Chaffin Garage screen
CN115671615A (zh) * 2022-10-19 2023-02-03 东方众通科技发展集团有限公司 一种充电站智慧消防系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2339352A1 (de) 1974-02-21
CH573756A5 (fr) 1976-03-31
FR2195162A5 (fr) 1974-03-01
DE2339352B2 (de) 1981-06-19
FR2212759A6 (fr) 1974-07-26
GB1439865A (en) 1976-06-16
DE2339352C3 (de) 1982-02-11

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