US3871837A - Method for lubricating 2-stroke engines and rotary engines - Google Patents

Method for lubricating 2-stroke engines and rotary engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3871837A
US3871837A US366014A US36601473A US3871837A US 3871837 A US3871837 A US 3871837A US 366014 A US366014 A US 366014A US 36601473 A US36601473 A US 36601473A US 3871837 A US3871837 A US 3871837A
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United States
Prior art keywords
base lubricant
weight
engine
lubricant
lubricating
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US366014A
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English (en)
Inventor
Pierre Bedague
Pierre Marchand
Guy Parc
Fernand Roux
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Priority to FR7147887A priority Critical patent/FR2169718B1/fr
Priority to FR7220040A priority patent/FR2187893B2/fr
Priority to DE2263243A priority patent/DE2263243A1/de
Priority to GB5990072A priority patent/GB1417590A/en
Priority to CA160,317A priority patent/CA996538A/fr
Priority to NL7300029A priority patent/NL7300029A/xx
Priority to BE1005075A priority patent/BE799904R/xx
Priority to GB2565873A priority patent/GB1425661A/en
Priority to DE2327546A priority patent/DE2327546A1/de
Application filed by IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN filed Critical IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Priority to NL7307707A priority patent/NL7307707A/xx
Priority to US366014A priority patent/US3871837A/en
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Publication of US3871837A publication Critical patent/US3871837A/en
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    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
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    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
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    • C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
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    • C10M2205/026—Butene
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/11—Complex polyesters
    • C10M2209/112—Complex polyesters having dihydric acid centres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/26—Two-strokes or two-cycle engines

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Method for lubrication twostroke engines or rotary engines fed with gasoline comprising introducing thereinto a lubrication composition which consists of a base lubricant and conventional additives and having a viscosity at 989C of at least 6 centistrokes, wherein said base lubricant comprises from 10 to 100% by weight of at least one polyalkyleneglycol derivative selected from the group consisting of ethers, simple esters, complex esters, polyesters and esters of ethers, of polyalkyleneglycol having the formula HO +RO+,, H in which each radical R is a C -C alkylene radical, preferably ethylene or propylene, and n an integer from 2 to 50.
  • certain organic compounds especially C aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, their lower alkyl esters, C aliphatic monoalcohols and C,,,.,,, aliphatic primary monoamines, as well as C aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, C aliphatic tricarboxylic acids, and their lower alkyl esters, may be added to the base lubricant in proportions from ().l to 40 by weight with respect to said base lubricant.
  • the lubricant of two-stroke engines may be carried out, according to the type of engine, either with a lubricant previously admixed with a gasoline or with a lubricant separate from the gasoline, which is then injected into the air-gasoline mixture and conveyed therewith.
  • the bearings may be lubricated either by the lubricant introduced into the engine in this manner, or by a pure lubricant conveyed through an independent circuit provided exclusively for this purpose.
  • the lubricant finally passes to the combustion chamber, where it is burnt and its combustion products are discharged to the engine exhaust.
  • Another inconvenience consists in the formation of deposits in the combustion chamber and exhaust system which results in power losses and makes it necessary to frequently disassemble the engine.
  • the invention has the further object of providing new fuel-lubricant compositions with a reduced lubricant content, adapted for feeding two-stroke engines.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an advantageous method for lubricating rotary engines.
  • the invention has also for object to provide improved fuel-lubricant compositions for feeding rotary engines.
  • polyalyleneglycol derivatives which are contemplated according to this invention can be formally defined as resulting from etherification of polyalkyleneglycol, by esterification of polyalkyleneglycols or polyalkyleneglycol ethers or still polyesterification of polyalkyleneglycols.
  • the basic polyalkyleneglycols have the general formula:
  • radicals R which are identical to or different from one another, are divalent aliphatic radicals containing for example from 2 to 5 carbon atoms and n is an integer preferably from 2 to 50. They generally have a molecular weight of from about to about 4,500.
  • polyethylenegiycols, propyleneglycols or still mixed compounds of ethyleneglycol and propyleneglycol are more particularly contemplated.
  • the polyalkyleneglycol derivatives contemplated in this invention may consist, on the one hand, of ethers of polyalkyleneglycol obtained by etherification of at least one of the two hydroxy functions of a polyalkyleneglycol with at least one monohydroxy compound and/or at least one polyhydroxy compound.
  • R is the hydrocarbon residue of a monohydroxy compound R Ol'l, a monoalcohol or a monophenol, and contains for example from i to 25 carbon atoms;
  • R is a hydrocarbon residue of a polyhydroxy compound R',(Ol-l),,, and may be for example an aliphatic radical having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms and whose valency m may have a value from 2 to 4 inclusive.
  • n-butanol isooctanol, 2-ethylhexanol. isodecanol or still dodecylphenol
  • polyhydroxy compounds R',(OH) examples of polyhydroxy compounds
  • neopentylglycol 1,6-hexanediol.
  • glycerol trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol.
  • polyalkylene-glycol ethers may also have one of the following general formulae:
  • polyalkyleneglycol derivatives contemplated according to this invention may also consist of polyalkyleneglycol esters or esters of polyalkyleneglycol ethers.
  • bacic acid 2,2,4-trimethyl adipic acid, dodecanedioic acid, isononadecanedioic acid, the acids produced by Rr-C-RO ⁇ CRz 5 dimerization of unsaturated fatty acids, for example ii ii 7 f with [8 carbon atoms, the alkenyl-succinic acids or still a f VT the phthalic acids.
  • the bis-octadecanoates of There may also result from the esterification of a polyalkyleneglycols having for example an average mopolyalkylene glycol ether of the formula (l) above, by lecular weight of about 600, the bis-dodecanoates of monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid, for example polypropyleneglycols having for example an average dicarboxylic, in which case they comply with one ofthe l5 molecular weight of about 1,050 and the bisgeneral ormulae: heptanoates of polypropleneglycols having for example an average molecular weight of about 2,000, which C conform with the formula (V) above;
  • the polyesters of polyalkyleneglycols may be produced by esterification of a polyalkyleneglycol by V m (VIII) means of a polycarboxylic acid, for example dicarbox- W V "7 ylic, optionally in the presence of at least one monocarin which R, R, and m are defined as above.
  • boxylic acid or at least one monohydroxy compound
  • monocarboxylic acids there can be which may be a monoalcohol, a monophenol or a mentioned: heptanoic acid, ethylhexanoic acid, nana- 40 monohydroxy ether ofa polyalkyleneglycol with a monoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetnoalcohol or monophenol.
  • the polyesters may thus comply with one of the gensuch as the fatty acids from coprah or tallow, or still eral formulae:
  • R R and R are defined as above, R' is defined as R, n as n and p, which is the polycondensation degree of the polyester, has a value greater than I, for example from 2 to 10, or
  • the complex esters generallly conform with the formulae (XII) to (XV) in which the number p is 1.
  • polyesters of sebasic acid and of a polyethleneglycol having for example an average molecular weight of about 400 they conform, according to the proportions of their components, to one of ghe general formulae (IX), (X) and (X1) above;
  • polyester of adipic acid and of a polypropyleneglycol having for example an average about molecular weight of about 400, blocked by dodecanoic acid; they conform to the general formula (XII) above.
  • the contemplated polyalkyleneglycol derivatives may also consist of complex esters and ppolyesters such as above-defined, blocked or unblocked in which at least a portion of the polyalkyleneglycol is replaced by an ether of polyalkyleneglycol of the formula:
  • esters formed by two moles of an ether obtained by condensation of propylene oxide with trimethylol propane one mole of dimer acid (obtained by thermal dimerization of oleic and linoleic acids) and 4 moles of dodecanoic acid.
  • polyesters formed for example by two moles of dicarboxylic acid 110- C-Rr-C-OH 3 moles of polyalkyleneglycol ether R. [O ⁇ -ROH H1, and 3 m-4 moles of monocarboxylic acid and so on.
  • the method for lubricating twostroke engines consists of introducing into the engine, fed in an usual manner with a flue, a proportion of from 0.1 to 2% by weight, with respect to the fuel amount required for the engine operation, of a lubricant which contains from 20 to by weight of one or more polyalkyleneglycol derivatives as above defined.
  • the lubricant may also contain, within the limits of reciprocal miscibility, other components, particularly certain usual lubricants, such as:
  • synthetic lubricating oils such for example as oligomerization or polymerization products of olefinic hydrocarbons, such as polybutenes optionally after a final hydrogenation treatment thereof, simple esters of ordinary monoalcohols or polyols, such as isodecyl adipate, 2-ethyl-hexyl azelate or trimethylolpropane caprylate, as well as complex esters or polyesters of ordinary monoalcohols or polyols.
  • synthetic lubricating oils such for example as oligomerization or polymerization products of olefinic hydrocarbons, such as polybutenes optionally after a final hydrogenation treatment thereof, simple esters of ordinary monoalcohols or polyols, such as isodecyl adipate, 2-ethyl-hexyl azelate or trimethylolpropane caprylate, as well as complex esters or polyesters of ordinary monoalcohols or polyols.
  • certain diluents such as light petroleum cuts, for example white-spirit, kerosene, jet-fuel, certain aromatic solvents consisting, for example, of high boiling petroleum cuts and certain oxygenated solvents such as alcohols (e.g., isononanol), ketones (e.g., cyclohexanone or still certain es'ters (e.g., acetates or propionates of heavy alcohols).
  • alcohols e.g., isononanol
  • ketones e.g., cyclohexanone or still certain es'ters (e.g., acetates or propionates of heavy alcohols).
  • a polyalkyleneglycol derivative When a polyalkyleneglycol derivative is to be used in admixture with a mineral oil, it is of course convenient to make use of a polyalkyleneglycol derivative having a sufficient miscibility with the mineral oils, Le, a sufficient oleophilic balance.” These derivatives are generally those which have a high ratio of the number of carbon atoms of their hydrocarbon groups to the number of alkylene oxide units in their polyalkyleneglycol links. This ratio must, furthermore, be the higher when the basic polyalkyleneglycol contains a greater amount of ethylene oxide with respect to the total alkylene oxides on the one hand, and when the mineral oil has a more paraffinic character and/or a higher viscosity, on the other hand.
  • the lubricant used in the method of the invention must, in any way, have convenient viscosimetric characteristics, particularly a viscosity at 98.9 C greater than about 6 cSt and, preferably, about from 8 to l5 cSt.
  • the lubricant contains, in admixture with one or more polyalkyleneglycol derivatives, at least another synthetic lubricant, it may happeen that a proportion of the polyalkyleneglycol derivative as low as l0% by weight be satisfactory but, even in this case, a proportion of at least 20% by weight is still preferred.
  • the lubricant is used to mean the base lubricant used. It must however be understood that, to this base lubricant, it is possible and generally desirable to add, for obtaining the final lubricant, various conventional additives, such as:
  • antioxidant additives such as phenolic or amine additives, for example in a proportion of 0.1 to 10 by weight with respect to the lubricant;
  • organo-salts detergent additives and ashless dispersing agents for example in a proportion of 0.05 to 30% preferably from to 20% by weight with respect to the lubricant.
  • the fuel-lubricant mixtures of the invention consist of a conventional fuel to which is added an amount of lubricating composition corresponding to an amount of base lubricant, such as hereabove defined, of from 0.1 to 2% by weight with respect to the fuel, e.g. from 0.5 to 2%, more particularly about 1%, when said base lubricant contains a minor proportion of polyalkyleneglycol derivative, and from 0.1 to 1%, more particularly about 0.5%, when said base lubricant contains a major proportion of polyalkyleneglycol derivative.
  • base lubricant such as hereabove defined
  • the lubricating method and the fuel-lubricant compositions hereabove described may be used for twostroke engines fed with gasoline either for terrestrial or marine used, cooled with air or by water circulation. It has also been discovered that the addition of certain organic compounds, as hereinafter defined, to the base lubricants, results in a substantial improvement of the properties of said lubricants, particularly their resistance to gripping and their efficiency against seezing, as well as in a substantial reduction of the engine fouling.
  • organic compounds generally consist of monocarboxylic acids containing ann aliphatic chain of -18 carbon atoms, their simple lower alkyl esters (lower alkyl having for example 1-8 carbon atoms), monoalcohols and primary monoamines containing an aliphatic chain of 10-18 atoms of carbon, as well as dicarboxylic acids containing an aliphatic chain of 36 carbon atoms, tricharboxylic acids containing an aliphatic chain of 54 carbon atoms and simple lower alkyl esters of these acids.
  • monocarboxylic acids having a saturated or unsaturated C aliphatic chain such as decanoic, dodecanoic, tetradecanoic, hexadecanoic, octadecanoic and octadecanoic (e.g., oleic) acids, as well as natural fractions consisting of mixtures of such acids;
  • lower alkyl esters of said acids or mixtures of acids such as their methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl. pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, or 2-ethylhexyl esters;
  • C aliphatic monoalcohols such as dccanol, dodecanol. tridecanol, as well as fractions of straightchain Cur aliphatic monoalcohols obtained by the reduction of mixtures of the corresponding monocarboxylic acids or by methods of synthesis, such as the polymerization of ethylene in the presence of an alkyl aluminum catalyst followed with an oxidation step; primary C aliphatic monoaamines, such as decylamine .or dodecylamine;
  • the organic compounds as defined hereinabove are added to the base lubricants, in proportions amounting to 0.1 40%, preferably 5-25%, by weight with respect to said base lubricant.
  • the invention also relates to the lubrication of rotary engines by a lubricating method similar to that used for the two-stroke engines, but in which the relative 'amount of lubricant, with respect to the fuel, is generally from 50 parts per million of parts by weight to 2% by weight.
  • the fuel-lubricant compositions according to the invention are constituted of a conventional fuel, to which is added an amount of lubricating composition corresponding to an amount of base lubricant defined in the same way as for the two-stroke engines, from 50 ppm to 2% by weight with respect to said fuel.
  • Product I Bis-octadecenoate of a polyethyleneglycol having a molecular weight of 600 Viscosity at 37.8C 66.9 cSt at 989C l2.7 cSt Viscosity index (VI 205 Acid number l.2 mg/g Soluble in gasoline
  • Product 11 Bis-dodecanoate of a polypropyleneglycol of molecular weight 1050 mixture (50/50 by weight) of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with n-butanol (the ether contains, as an average, 30 alkylene oxide units per molecule).
  • Tris-heptanoate of an ether obtained by condensa tion of a mixture (50/50 by weight) of ethylene oxide and propylene loxide with trimethylolpropane (the The results reported in Table [I below have been expressed as a gain percentage with respect to the reference, as follows:
  • ether contains, as an average, 24 alkylene oxide groups 5 per molecule). in which A6, and A0, respectively indicate the temperature increase for the tested product and for the reference product.
  • Product V commercial oil X 5 (reference) 0 d. 3 -4.3 Ester formed by 2 moles of an ether obtained by con- 3 1 densation of propylene oxide with trimethylolpropane commercial i Y I d fd d 4 I d ud commercial Oll Z 5 1.2 an amixtureo o ecanoic act mo es an imer lubricamA 1 acid" (1 mole).
  • the dimer acid consists ot: a m xture of dicarbox- 20 sg C ylic acids obtamed by thermal dimerization of oletc and llubbricant lg +317) u ricant lmoleic acids).
  • the ether contains, as an average, 22 propylene oxide units per molecule.
  • Lubricants referred to as F and G have also been viscosny 939C 32 tested under gripping conditions, said lubricants con- Re s gy l fl i I l i 8 sisting of mixtures of polyesters of polypropyleneglycol mg' g a ii (Products V1 and VII) and isodecyl adipate.
  • Product V1 is obtained from polypropyleneglycol Products 1 to V described hereinabove have been used having a molecular weight of 400 and sebaclcPcldfor the manufacture of basic libricants A to E whose a 8 viscosity. at 939C Of 350 C31 and an acid Flumcomposition is given in the following table: bet 0f -5 g/g- TABLE I Lubricant Composition Poly-alkylene- Mineral oil lsodecyl Viscosit glycol derivative 150 neutral adi ate at 98.9 Name It h.w. b.w. 8w. (cSt) A Product 1 100 12.7 B Product 11 100 13.2 C Product 111 40 60' 12.8 D Product IV 80 20 11.1 E Product V 55 12.3
  • the test consists of measuring the temperature increase of the spark plug joint corresponding to a decrease of the motor running speed by 400 runs/minute, produced by the gripping of the piston in the cylinder, which occurs when the cooling of the engine is discontinued.
  • Product Vll is obtained from polypropyleneglycol having a molecular weight of 400 and adipic acid. It is blocked by dodecanoic acid. lts viscosity at 989C is 88 cSt and its acid number is 1.4 mg/g.
  • Mixtures F and G respectively contain 14% by weight of Product VI and 40% by weight of Product Vll, the remaining portion to consisting, in both cases, of isodecyl adipate.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Clogging Tests Lubricating compositions (B' and E) obtained by adding, to each of the basic lubricants B and E, 20% by weight of a multifunctinal additive (detergent, antioxidant and antirust) known under the trade name of Oloa 340 D, have been tested.
  • the mixtures fuel' lubricant" each contains 0.5% b.w. of lubricants B and E respectively, in a gasoline without lead having an octane number (Research method) of 94.
  • composition R "/i by weight bis-dodecanoatc of polypropylene glycol oi molecular weight l 200 76 ash-less deter ent-dispersant 16 pp dioetyldip enylamine 6 phcnyl Bnaphthylamine 2
  • Composition S The preparation of composition R has been repeated, except that a portion of polypropyleneglycol bisdodecanoate has been replaced by methyl dodecanoate, in a proportion of 10% by weight of the total composition.
  • the tested fuel-lubricant mixtures each contain 0.5% by weight of the compositions R and S in lead-free normal gasoline of 94 RON.
  • the clogging test has been carried out for 100 hours, according to the method CEC l 402 T 68, on an AV 7 L Motobecane 2-stroke engine, as described in Example 2.
  • a method for lubricating a two-stroke engine fed with gasoline comprising introducing into the engine a lubricating composition having a viscosity at 989C of at least 6 centistokes.
  • the base lubricant contains from 20 to i007: by weight of said at least one polyalkyleneglycol derivative.
  • a method according to claim 1, for lubricating a two-stroke gasoline engine in which the lubricating composition is introduced into the engine in a proportion corresponding to an amount of base lubricant of from 0.] to 2% by weight with respect to the fuel amount required for the operation of said engine.
  • the base lubricant contains a major proportion of said polyalkyleneglycol derivative and the lubricating composition introduced into the engine in a proportion corresponding to an amount of said base lubricant of from 0.] to l% by weight with respect to the fuel amount required for the operation of the engine.
  • a method according to claim I father comprising adding to the base lubricant from 0.] to 40% by weight of at least one organic compound selected from monocarboxylic acids containing an aliphatic chain of l0-l 8 carbon atoms, their lower alkyl esters; monoalcohols and primary monoamines containing an aliphatic chain of 10-18 carbon atoms; dicarboxylic acids containing an aliphatic chain of 36 atoms; and tricarboxylic acids containing an aliphatic chain of 54 carbon latoms and their lower alkyl esters.
  • organic compound is selected from dodecanoic acid, its lower alkyl esters, dodecanol and dodecylamine.
  • base lubricant consists essentially of said at least one polyalkyleneglycol derivative.
  • the base lubricant consists essentially of said at least one polyalkyleneglycol derivative.
  • a method according to claim 6, for lubricating a two-stroke gasoline engine in which the lubricating composition is introduced into the engine in a proportion corresponding to an amount of base lubricant of from 0.] to 2% by weight with respect to the fuel amount required for the operation of said engine.
  • the weight percent proportion of the lubricating composition to the gasoline is 0.! l7 and said lubricating composition contains a base lubricant having a major porition of at at least one polyalkyleneglycol deravitive being his octadecanoate or his dodecanoate of a C -C polyalkylene units l i i

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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US366014A 1971-12-31 1973-06-01 Method for lubricating 2-stroke engines and rotary engines Expired - Lifetime US3871837A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7147887A FR2169718B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-31 1971-12-31
FR7220040A FR2187893B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-31 1972-06-02
DE2263243A DE2263243A1 (de) 1971-12-31 1972-12-23 Verfahren zur schmierung von zweitaktund drehkolbenmotoren
GB5990072A GB1417590A (en) 1971-12-31 1972-12-28 Method for lubricating two stroke engines
CA160,317A CA996538A (fr) 1971-12-31 1972-12-29 Methode de lubrification des moteurs 2-temps et des moteurs a pistons rotatifs
NL7300029A NL7300029A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-31 1973-01-02
BE1005075A BE799904R (fr) 1971-12-31 1973-05-23 Methode de lubrification des moteurs deux-temps et des moteurs a pistons rotatifs,
GB2565873A GB1425661A (en) 1971-12-31 1973-05-30 Method for lubricating two-stroke engines
DE2327546A DE2327546A1 (de) 1971-12-31 1973-05-30 Verfahren zur schmierung von zweitakt- und drehkolbenmotoren
NL7307707A NL7307707A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-31 1973-06-01
US366014A US3871837A (en) 1971-12-31 1973-06-01 Method for lubricating 2-stroke engines and rotary engines

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FR7147887A FR2169718B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-31 1971-12-31
FR7220040A FR2187893B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-31 1972-06-02
US31987172A 1972-12-29 1972-12-29
US366014A US3871837A (en) 1971-12-31 1973-06-01 Method for lubricating 2-stroke engines and rotary engines

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BE (1) BE799904R (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA996538A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE2263243A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (2) FR2169718B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (2) GB1417590A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US4036771A (en) * 1975-04-16 1977-07-19 Institut Francais Du Petrole Lubricating bases for multigrade oils
US4116872A (en) * 1977-02-08 1978-09-26 The Lubrizol Corporation Hot melt metal working lubricants
US4263250A (en) * 1978-10-16 1981-04-21 Th. Goldschmidt Ag Lubricant and release agent for molded rubber articles
US4321308A (en) * 1975-02-07 1982-03-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Metal workpieces coated with ester-based hot melt metal working lubricants
US4327144A (en) * 1980-08-26 1982-04-27 Southland Manufacturing Co., Inc. Lubricator pad and method
US4440660A (en) * 1981-06-09 1984-04-03 Internationale Octrooi Maatschappij "Octropa" B.V. Ester lubricants
US4524007A (en) * 1983-05-02 1985-06-18 Mobil Oil Corporation Polyester demulsifiers and compositions thereof
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US5688750A (en) * 1993-06-02 1997-11-18 Unichema Chemie B. V. Base fluid
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US5855629A (en) * 1996-04-26 1999-01-05 Shell Oil Company Alkoxy acetic acid derivatives
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US6610740B1 (en) * 1996-03-25 2003-08-26 Scotia Holdings Plc Polyethylene glycol esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids
JP3471075B2 (ja) 1994-06-02 2003-11-25 新日本石油株式会社 ２サイクルエンジン用潤滑油組成物
US6656888B1 (en) 1992-08-28 2003-12-02 Cognis Corporation Biodegradable two-cycle engine oil compositions, grease compositions, and ester base stocks use therein
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US20040116307A1 (en) * 2001-04-02 2004-06-17 Bager Ganemi Lubricant composition
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US11396638B2 (en) 2017-12-25 2022-07-26 Dow Global Technologies Llc Modified oil soluble polyalkylene glycols
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US4440660A (en) * 1981-06-09 1984-04-03 Internationale Octrooi Maatschappij "Octropa" B.V. Ester lubricants
US4524007A (en) * 1983-05-02 1985-06-18 Mobil Oil Corporation Polyester demulsifiers and compositions thereof
FR2593514A1 (fr) * 1984-11-23 1987-07-31 Aluminum Co Of America Composition lubrifiante de travail des metaux comprenant une huile minerale et un ester d'alkoxyalkyle
US5039440A (en) * 1987-04-01 1991-08-13 Toa Nenryo Kogyo, K.K. Traction fluid
US5259978A (en) * 1987-07-23 1993-11-09 Toa Nenryo Kogyo, K.K. Traction fluid composition comprising a cyclohexyl diester and branched poly-α-olefin
US4871476A (en) * 1987-07-31 1989-10-03 Toa Nenryo Kogyo K.K. Synthetic lubricating fluid
US4978468A (en) * 1987-09-25 1990-12-18 Toa Nenryo Kogyo, K. K. Traction fluid
US4990274A (en) * 1988-11-21 1991-02-05 Texaco Inc. Flowable graft and derivatized polymer concentrate and lubricant containing same
EP0460614A1 (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-12-11 Nippon Oil Company, Limited Lubricating oils for refrigerators
EP0460613A1 (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-12-11 Nippon Oil Co. Ltd. Lubricating oils for refrigerators
US5366644A (en) * 1991-06-20 1994-11-22 Gold Eagle Co. Lubricant for fuel
US5264005A (en) * 1991-08-09 1993-11-23 The Lubrizol Corporation Two-cycle lubricants and methods of using the same
US5433755A (en) * 1991-08-30 1995-07-18 Institut Francais Du Petrole Additive formulation for fuels incorporating ester function products and a detergent-dispersant
US5503760A (en) * 1992-05-02 1996-04-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Engine base oils with improved seal compatibility
WO1994005745A1 (en) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-17 Henkel Corporation Biodegradable two-cycle engine oil compositions and ester base stocks
US6656888B1 (en) 1992-08-28 2003-12-02 Cognis Corporation Biodegradable two-cycle engine oil compositions, grease compositions, and ester base stocks use therein
US6664216B1 (en) * 1992-08-28 2003-12-16 Cognis Corporation Biodegradable two-cycle engine oil compositions and ester base stocks
US6828287B1 (en) * 1992-08-28 2004-12-07 Cognis Corporation Biodegradable two-cycle engine oil compositions and ester base stocks
US5663125A (en) * 1993-01-20 1997-09-02 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Lubricating oil for two-cycle engines
EP0636680A4 (en) * 1993-01-20 1995-10-04 Nippon Oil Co Ltd LUBRICANTS FOR TWO-STROKE ENGINES.
US5688750A (en) * 1993-06-02 1997-11-18 Unichema Chemie B. V. Base fluid
US5370812A (en) * 1993-06-28 1994-12-06 Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation Lubricant compositions for refrigerators comprising polyalkylene glycol and a hydrocarbon solvent
WO1995002659A1 (de) * 1993-07-15 1995-01-26 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Grundöl auf triglyceridbasis für hydrauliköle
US5618779A (en) * 1993-07-15 1997-04-08 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Triglyceride-based base oil for hydraulic oils
EP0635562A1 (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-01-25 Fina Research S.A. Lubricating oil for compression - type refrigerators
US6224783B1 (en) 1993-07-20 2001-05-01 Fina Research, S.A. Lubricating compound for refrigeration compressors
JP3471075B2 (ja) 1994-06-02 2003-11-25 新日本石油株式会社 ２サイクルエンジン用潤滑油組成物
US5723417A (en) * 1995-02-10 1998-03-03 Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. Oil-soluble polyester, additive for lubricating oil, and lubricating oil composition
US6610740B1 (en) * 1996-03-25 2003-08-26 Scotia Holdings Plc Polyethylene glycol esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids
US5855629A (en) * 1996-04-26 1999-01-05 Shell Oil Company Alkoxy acetic acid derivatives
AU714140B2 (en) * 1996-05-31 1999-12-23 Innospec Limited Fuel additives
US6156082A (en) * 1996-05-31 2000-12-05 The Associated Octel Company Limited Fuel additives
US6074573A (en) * 1996-06-25 2000-06-13 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Refrigerator oil composition
US20040116307A1 (en) * 2001-04-02 2004-06-17 Bager Ganemi Lubricant composition
US20040053793A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2004-03-18 Minyu Li Lubricant composition with reduced sensitivity to low pH for conveyor system
US6855676B2 (en) * 2002-02-11 2005-02-15 Ecolab., Inc. Lubricant for conveyor system
US20050059564A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2005-03-17 Ecolab Inc. Lubricant for conveyor system
US7125827B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2006-10-24 Ecolab Inc. Lubricant composition having a fatty acid, a polyalkylene glycol polymer, and an anionic surfactant, wherein the lubricant is for a conveyor system
US20040235679A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2004-11-25 Kurosky John M. Biodegradable lubricants
US7517837B2 (en) * 2003-05-22 2009-04-14 Anderol, Inc. Biodegradable lubricants
US11396638B2 (en) 2017-12-25 2022-07-26 Dow Global Technologies Llc Modified oil soluble polyalkylene glycols
WO2019236446A1 (en) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-12 Tetramer Technologies, Llc Lubricating base oils from esterified alkoxylated polyols using saturated long-chain fatty acids
US11230682B2 (en) 2018-06-04 2022-01-25 Tetramer Technologies, Llc Lubricating base oils from esterified alkoxylated polyols using saturated long-chain fatty acids
US11680218B2 (en) 2018-06-04 2023-06-20 Tetramer Technologies, Llc Biodegradable lubricant with tailored hydrolytic stability and improved thermal stability through alkoxylation of glycerol
US11807826B2 (en) 2018-06-04 2023-11-07 Universtiy of South Carolina Lubricating base oils from esterified alkoxylated polyols using saturated long-chain fatty acids
EP3957708A1 (de) * 2020-08-17 2022-02-23 Speira GmbH Kühlschmierstoff für das kaltwalzen von aluminium
WO2022038111A1 (de) * 2020-08-17 2022-02-24 Speira Gmbh Kühlschmierstoff für das kaltwalzen von aluminium
CN115885025A (zh) * 2020-08-17 2023-03-31 斯佩拉有限公司 用于冷轧铝的冷却润滑剂
KR20230052281A (ko) * 2020-08-17 2023-04-19 스페이라 게엠베하 알루미늄 냉간 압연용 냉각 윤활제
CN115885025B (zh) * 2020-08-17 2024-05-24 斯佩拉有限公司 用于冷轧铝的冷却润滑剂
US12215295B2 (en) 2020-08-17 2025-02-04 Speira Gmbh Cooling lubricant for cold rolling aluminum

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7307707A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-12-04
FR2169718A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-14
FR2187893A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-01-18
DE2327546A1 (de) 1973-12-13
FR2169718B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-13
CA996538A (fr) 1976-09-07
BE799904R (fr) 1973-11-23
GB1417590A (en) 1975-12-10
DE2263243A1 (de) 1973-07-12
FR2187893B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-25
GB1425661A (en) 1976-02-18
NL7300029A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-07-03

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