US3871202A - Forging press - Google Patents

Forging press Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3871202A
US3871202A US463039A US46303974A US3871202A US 3871202 A US3871202 A US 3871202A US 463039 A US463039 A US 463039A US 46303974 A US46303974 A US 46303974A US 3871202 A US3871202 A US 3871202A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
forging
chamber
piston
pressure
equalizing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US463039A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Harry Claesson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Norden Holding AB
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3871202A publication Critical patent/US3871202A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/04—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor by directly applied fluid pressure or explosive action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A forging press includes a forging chamber into which a forging cylinder can be pressed.
  • the forging cylinder is integral with a'main piston arranged in a working cylinder to which pressure fluid can be supplied.
  • the forging piston is slidable within an annular member which is fixed in an axially slidable sleeve, and which can be moved by pressure fluid supplied to either end thereof.
  • a pressureequalizing chamber into which fits a stationary backpressure piston. Passages are provided connecting the pressure equalizing chamber with the forging chamber.
  • the cross-section of the back-pressure piston is less than that of the forging piston.
  • in the bottom part of the forging chamber there is arranged a groove which connects with a discharge passage.
  • the pressure in the cylinder increases radpidly, and, in order that the pressure should not be too high; it is necessary to drain off oil from the chamber.
  • This draining is performed through a reduction valve which is adjusted so that the desired pressure is obtained in the forging chamber.
  • Forging is performed by the fact that the punch or the forging piston hits the billet and compresses it, while at the same time the billet receives a support pressure from the oil on the surfaces which are not supported by the punch and the bottom of the cylinder, respectively.
  • the forging itself can of course be satisfactorily carried out in this way, but a serious drawback of this procedure is that reduction valves used in this system are rapidly worn out and must be replaced at frequent intervals. Another drawback is that a loss of power naturally occurs in the reduction valve.
  • the present invention relates to a forging press which is not subject to these drawbacks.
  • the forging press is provided with a pressure chamber into which a back pressure piston with a smaller piston area than the forging piston can be inserted in a sealing'manner.
  • a connection is provided between the pressure-equalizing chamber and the forging chamber.
  • the pressureequalizing chamber with its back pressure piston is arranged so that its volume is increased when the forging piston is inserted into the forging chamber, thus decreasing the volume of the forging chamber. Because the piston area of the back pressure piston is smaller than the piston area of the forging piston, an increase in pressure in the forging chamber is obtained in this operation.
  • This increase in pressure can be calculated in advance by choosing a suitable ratio between the respective piston areas in relation to the volumes of the rest of the chambers.
  • a forging press in accordance with the embodiment described consequently does not have to be provided with a reduction valve at the outlet from the forging chamber. When the forging piston reaches the billet and seals against it, an additional force is also obtained in the forging pressure which corresponds to the oil pressure on a surface corresponding to the contact surface between the billet and the punch.
  • FIG. 1 shows the forging press in cross-section.
  • FIGS. 2-6 show the positions of the various pistons in cross-section at various stages of the work cycle of the forging press.
  • l designates a frame which is suitably wound with steel strips.
  • the forging tool 2 has a forging chamber 3 into which a forging piston 4 is sealingly insertable for the forging of a billet 5 positioned in the forging chamber 3.
  • the forging tool 2 is provided with an annular maincylinder 6 in which a main piston 7 moves.
  • the channels 10 and 11 connect the forging chamber 3 with the pressure-equalizing chamber 8 and are arranged in the main piston 7.
  • the walls of the forging chamber 3 are formed by a tubular member 12.
  • This tubular member 12 is movable along its central axis. It is connected to an outer, axially movable jacket 13. At the top this jacket 13 fits slidingly into an annular slot 14 in the main piston 7. At the bottom it fits slidingly into a corresponding annular slot 15 provided in the bottom piece 16 of the forging tool 2.
  • the ends of the jacket 13 thus act as pistons in the respective annular slots 14 and 15.
  • pressure oil can be transferred by means of a pump 17 either through a conduit 18 to the slot 15 or through a conduit 19 to the slot14.
  • the oil is pumped from the container 20 and the switching between the different conduits l8 and 19 is performed by means of the valve 21.
  • Supply of oil to the pressure-equalizing chamber 8 is also performed from the container 20 by way of the pump 22, the valve 23 and the conduit 24, which opens out in the channel 25 which, in turn, opens out into the pressure-equalizing chamber 8.
  • a check valve 26 is arranged, which prevents the oil from flowing from the back pressure chamber 8 back into the container 20.
  • the main piston is operated by pumping oil from the container 20 by way of the pump 28, the valve 29, the conduit 30 and the channel 31 to the main cylinder 6. Emptying of the main cylinder 6 is performed by reversing the valve 29, the conduit 30 thus being connected to the open return pipe 33 and the pump 28 to the return pipe 32.
  • a drain groove 34 which is in open connection with the oil container 20 by way'of a channel 35 and a conduit 36.
  • FIG. 1 shows the forging tool 2 in the starting position for pressing.
  • the tubular slot 15 is under pressure because the pump 17 is pumping oil to the slot 15.
  • the annular slot 14 communicates freely with the oil container.
  • the main piston 7 is'supported by the spacing members 37 on the tubular member 12, which in turn is connected to the jacket 13 which, in the starting position, is in its upper position because of the oil pressure in the slot 15.
  • the oil pressure is zero in the pressureequalizing chamber 8 and the main cylinder 6 because these are in free connection with the oil container 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows the next stage in the working cycle.
  • the annular slot 15 has been brought into free connection with the oil container by the switching of the valve 21, and at the same time the slot 14 has been pressurized.
  • This has caused the jacket 13 with its tubular member 12 to change its position and it is now located in its lower end position.
  • the forging chamber is sealed off from the draining groove 34 and a pressure-tight space is formed by the bottom piece 16, the member 12 and the forging piston 4, disregarding the connection of the space with the pressureequalizing chamber 8 by way of channels 10 and 11.
  • valve 23 is switched so that the pump 22, instead of pumping oil back to the container through the return pipe 38, now pumps oil through the conduit 24 to the pressure-equalizing chamber 8 and the forging chamber 3.
  • the valve 29 has now also been switched so that the pump 28 forces oil through the conduit 30 to the main cylinder 6.
  • This causes the main piston 7 to be driven downward, the forging piston 4 being pressed into the forging chamber 3, the volume of which decreases.
  • the volume of the pressure-equalizing chamber 8 increases, and oil flows from the forging chamber 3 over to the pressureequalizing chamber 8 through the channels 10 and 11.
  • the piston area of the back-pressure piston 9 is smaller than the piston area of the forging piston 4, which means then the increase in volume of the chamber 8 will not be as great as the decrease in volume of the forging chamber 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows the forging proper. It should be pointed out that, when the forging piston 4 hits the surface of the billet 5, an'additional pressure is obtained in the forging pressure, which corresponds to the oil pressure on a surface corresponding to the contact surface between the billet 5 and the forging piston 4.
  • the forging process is completed and'the valve 29 has been switched so that the main cylinder 6 has been brought into free connection with the container 20.
  • the oil Under high pressure in the forging chamber 3 and the pressureequalizing chamber'8, the oil then tends to increase the volume, resulting in an upward pressure on the main piston 7. To be able to lift the main piston 7 to its upper position, however, further oil must also be pumped into the slot 14. This results in a complete decompression of the oil in the forging chamber 3 which can now be opened. 7
  • the degree of the increase in volume in the forging chamber 3 and the pressureequalizing chamber 8 together can be easily adjusted to the compressibility of the pressure fluid, when the forging is being carried out, by choosing a suitable starting position for the forging piston 4.
  • the mechanical guiding of the forging piston 4 has a very appropriate design, which contributes to causing the upper and lower forging tools to meet each other with good precision.
  • the guiding of the forging piston 4 is performed against the tubular member 12, which in turn is guided by the jacket 13.
  • Forging press comprising a forging chamber (3), a forging piston (4) sealingly insertable into the forging chamber (3) for forging billets (5) arranged in the forging chamber (3), a main cylinder (6) and a main piston (7) arranged in the main cylinder (6) for imparting movement to said forging piston (4), means for filling said forging chamber (3) with oil which is compressed when the forging piston (4) forces its way into the forging chamber (3), a pressure-equalizing chamber (8), means connecting the forging chamber (3) with the pressure-equalizing chamber (8), a bacl -pressure piston (9) with a smaller piston area than the forging piston (4) sealingly insertable into the pressure-equalizing chamber (8) and the main piston (7) being operatively connected to the forging piston (4) to effect a change in the volume of the forging chamber (3) and the pressure-equalizing chamber (8), respectively, the volume of the pressure-equalizing chamber (8) thereby increasing when that of the forging chamber (3) decreases.
  • peripheral wall of the forging chamber (3) consists of an annular member (12), in one end of which the forging piston (4) is sealingly slidable.
  • Forging press according to claim 5 having outlet means (35) from the forging chamber and means conconnecting means between the forging chamber (3) and the pressure-equalizing chamber (8) consists of means (10,11) in the main piston (7).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
US463039A 1973-05-03 1974-04-22 Forging press Expired - Lifetime US3871202A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7306177A SE379656B (de) 1973-05-03 1973-05-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3871202A true US3871202A (en) 1975-03-18

Family

ID=20317352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US463039A Expired - Lifetime US3871202A (en) 1973-05-03 1974-04-22 Forging press

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3871202A (de)
JP (1) JPS5014564A (de)
DE (1) DE2419220A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2227915A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1458424A (de)
SE (1) SE379656B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0473797A1 (de) * 1990-03-19 1992-03-11 KUZKO, Jury Petrovich Vorrichtung zur hydromechanischen herstellung von gegenständen
US6240758B1 (en) * 1999-06-21 2001-06-05 Toyokoki Co., Ltd. Hydraulic machine
US20170312802A1 (en) * 2014-11-03 2017-11-02 Peter Amborn Forming press and method for forming a sheet-like blank composed of metal with two frame parts that are movable towards one another

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2427149A1 (fr) * 1978-05-30 1979-12-28 Voron Sp Konstru Marteau a grande vitesse, sans chabotte

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3383891A (en) * 1965-10-20 1968-05-21 Robert C. Geitz Superhydraulic forging method and apparatus
US3415088A (en) * 1965-03-23 1968-12-10 Technology Uk Extrusion method and apparatus
US3686910A (en) * 1968-03-20 1972-08-29 Western Electric Co Methods of and apparatus for hydrostatic forming
US3707864A (en) * 1969-03-17 1973-01-02 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Pressure vessels

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3415088A (en) * 1965-03-23 1968-12-10 Technology Uk Extrusion method and apparatus
US3383891A (en) * 1965-10-20 1968-05-21 Robert C. Geitz Superhydraulic forging method and apparatus
US3686910A (en) * 1968-03-20 1972-08-29 Western Electric Co Methods of and apparatus for hydrostatic forming
US3707864A (en) * 1969-03-17 1973-01-02 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Pressure vessels

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0473797A1 (de) * 1990-03-19 1992-03-11 KUZKO, Jury Petrovich Vorrichtung zur hydromechanischen herstellung von gegenständen
EP0473797A4 (en) * 1990-03-19 1992-08-26 Jury Petrovich Kuzko Device for hydro-mechanical forming of articles
US6240758B1 (en) * 1999-06-21 2001-06-05 Toyokoki Co., Ltd. Hydraulic machine
US20170312802A1 (en) * 2014-11-03 2017-11-02 Peter Amborn Forming press and method for forming a sheet-like blank composed of metal with two frame parts that are movable towards one another
US10518311B2 (en) * 2014-11-03 2019-12-31 Peter Amborn Forming press and method for forming a sheet-like blank composed of metal with two frame parts that are movable towards one another

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5014564A (de) 1975-02-15
GB1458424A (en) 1976-12-15
SE379656B (de) 1975-10-20
DE2419220A1 (de) 1974-11-14
FR2227915A1 (de) 1974-11-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3635074A (en) Compensating system for presses
US3707866A (en) Machines for forming a workpiece between two ram heads
EP1017516A1 (de) Vorrichtung und verfahren zum hydroformen
US3871202A (en) Forging press
US4272980A (en) Load equalizer for press tooling
US3103136A (en) High energy impact machine
US2289584A (en) Metal stretching press
US3332273A (en) Drop forge press or the like with a pressure medium drive
US3756145A (en) Hydraulic press
EP0092253B1 (de) Verfahren zum Formen von Blech mittels hydraulischen Gegendrucks
US2113110A (en) Hydraulically operated mechanical press
US3173286A (en) Method of operating a pressure fluidoperated press as a hammer and pressure fluid-operated press serving for carrying out the method
US2753689A (en) Hydraulic control circuit
US3990240A (en) Control method and apparatus for processing tools
US3559436A (en) Press for hydrostatic extrusion
US2290743A (en) Blank-holder press
JPH0775900A (ja) プレスの油圧制御方法及び該方法を実施するための制御装置を備えたプレス
US2294675A (en) Metal stretching press
US3357227A (en) Hydraulic press
US2946303A (en) Hydraulically operated presses
US2243986A (en) Method of drawing metal blanks
US3354693A (en) High energy rate forming machine
JP2918364B2 (ja) 低定速度大容量鍛造プレス装置
SU1155464A1 (ru) Гидравлический пресс двойного действи
US3718027A (en) Forming machine for heated materials, particularly metals