US3862688A - Pneumatic fractionating apparatus - Google Patents

Pneumatic fractionating apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3862688A
US3862688A US342061A US34206173A US3862688A US 3862688 A US3862688 A US 3862688A US 342061 A US342061 A US 342061A US 34206173 A US34206173 A US 34206173A US 3862688 A US3862688 A US 3862688A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
end wall
set forth
opening
bore
lower terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US342061A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harold Terhorst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Probat-Werke Von Gimborn and Co KG
Original Assignee
Probat-Werke Von Gimborn and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Probat-Werke Von Gimborn and Co KG filed Critical Probat-Werke Von Gimborn and Co KG
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Publication of US3862688A publication Critical patent/US3862688A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements

Definitions

  • the invention provides apparatus in which a conduit is mounted on a support in an upright position.
  • An obliquely sloping end wall formed with a multiplicity of apertures downwardly bounds the axially terminal bottom portion of the bore in the conduit when the apparatus is in its operative condition.
  • the particulate material to be fractionated is fed to the bottom portion of the conduit, and a stream of fluid is passed through the apertures in the end wall into the bore of the conduit, and thence into a collecting vessel communicating with the axially terminal top portion of the conduit by a suction blower which produces and maintains a pressure differential between the several parts of the apparatus and a source of the fluid, such as ambient. atmospheric air.
  • the fluid stream when suitably matched to the feeding rate for the mixture, entrains only lighter particles and deposits them in the collecting vessel, whereas a heavier fraction accumulates on the apertured end wall, and may be withdrawn therefrom from time to time.
  • FIG. 1 shows fractionating apparatus of the invention in elevation and partly in section
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show modifications of the apparatus of HO. 1 in fragmentary corresponding views.
  • a feed hopper 1 containing the particulate mixture 2 which it is desired to fractionate.
  • An upright valve plate or flap 3 held in a desired vertical position by a clamping screw 4 controls the size of an opening 22 which admits material from the obliquely sloping bottom wall of the hopper 1 to an end wall 5 of a shaft 6.
  • the wall 5 is a screen or perforated plate whose apertures are preferably small enough not to pass the particles of the mixture 2.
  • the end wall 5 slopes obliquely relative to the vertical axis of the shaft 6 toward the circumferential wall portion which is common to the shaft 6 and the hopper l and divides the hopper from the shaft, the latter being a straight sheetmetal conduit having a bore of square cross section.
  • the axially terminal, upper portion of the bore in the shaft 6 communicates with a collecting vessel 7 whose upper part is cylindrical and whose bottom wall conically tapers toward a central slide valve 21.
  • the shaft 6 and hopper l are supported on a sheet metal base 20 laterally closed in three directions so as to provide guidance to an air stream represented by arrows 9 toward the face of the end wall 5 outside the bottom portion of the shaft 6, and to guide the air stream through the apertures in the end wall 5 toward the circumferential portion of the shaft 6 which is formed with the opening 22.
  • a lower oblique edge 10 on each of two opposite shaft walls guides pins, obscured in the drawing, which project from the lower edge of the end wall 5 at right angles to the plane of the drawing.
  • the top edge of the apertured end wall 5 projects beyond the shaft 6 and carries a handle 14. it is releasably secured to the shaft 6 by a permanent magnet 16.
  • Prongs 15 project from the bottom edge of the end wall 5 through respective openings, not explicitly shown, in the axial wall part 24 of the shaft 6 spacedly below the opening 22 so as to secure the end wall in the illustrated operative position, in which a pocket 11 is formed between the end wall 5 and the upright wall part 24 of the shaft 6 below the opening 22.
  • a pan 19 positioned in the base 20 catches any fines that may drop through the apertures in the end wall 5.
  • all material carried on the wall 5 drops into the pan 19 through the gap opening between the lower edge of the end wall 5 and the axial wall part 24.
  • a short duct 17 arranged on the shaft 6 at about one third of its height on the axial wall opposite the opening 22 is provided with a hinged flap 18 which permits the duct 17 to be sealed or to be opened to any desired flow section for admitting ambient air when the exhaust blower (not shown) draws air from the vessel 7.
  • valve plate 3 is readily set in such a manner that the portion of the end wall 5 in the shaft 6 near the handle 14 is free from particles of the mixture at all times, and the air is freely discharged in this area from the apertures in the wall 5, while an almost stagnant body of particles accumulates in the pocket 11.
  • the lighter particles are lifted into the vessel 7 where they settle from the air stream whose velocity suddenly decreases as it emerges from the relatively narrow shaft 6 into the wide vessel 7.
  • the product particles may be withdrawn through the valve 21 from time to time, or the valve may be replaced by a screw conveyor for continuous product discharge without loss of suction, if so desired.
  • Secondary air admitted through the duct 17 permits a high air velocity to be maintained in the top portion of the shaft 6 for sufficient lifting action without causing excessive turbulence in the fractionation or classification area immediately above the end wall 5, and particularly in the pocket 11 in which a heavy fraction is trapped, and from which it may be released from time to time after closing the opening 22, and shutting down the non-illustrated blower as soon as all product particles have been blown from the end wall into the collecting vessel 7.
  • the suction system represented in the drawing only by the suction conduit 8 may include a cyclone for removing entrained fine particles from the withdrawn air, and further includes the necessary drive for the blower, electric switch gear, and like conventional elements, not shown.
  • the handle 14 may be released from the magnet 16 after the valve plate 3 was lowered until it engages the rim of the wall part 24, and the end wall 5 may be pivoted on its prongs and the non-illustrated guide pins to drop the particles from the shaft 6 into the pan 19.
  • the contents of the hopper 1 may thereafter be discharged by raising the valve plate 3.
  • the purity of the separated fractions of a given mixture depends, under otherwise constant conditions, on the angle of inclination of the end wall 5.
  • the illustrated fractionation apparatus is intended for continuous operation on a uniform product so that the angle of inclination of the end wall 5 is fixed at an optimum value determined previously by trial and error.
  • FIG. 1 The apparatus of FIG. 1 is readily modified for fully automatic operation as is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the operating cycle is controlled by a rotary timing switch 50 connected by conductors 58, 60 to solenoid valves of reversible pneumatic motors 52, 56.
  • the pressure lines supplying compressed air to the cylinders of the motors 52, 56 and associated manual shut-off valves have been omitted from the drawing.
  • the piston rod of the motor 52 is attached to a valve plate 54, closely similar in structure and function to the afore-described valve plate 3, and shifts the valve plate 54 upward from the illustrated position in which it radially closes the shaft 6 when the valve of the motor 52 is energized.
  • the shaft 6 is downwardly bounded under normal operating conditions by a flat screen 54 guided obliquely relative to the vertical axis of the shaft 6 by two guide rails 62 of which only one is seen in FIG. 2.
  • the solenoid valve of the motor 56 is energized, and the piston rod of the motor 56 holds the screen 54 in a position in which it permits accumulated impurities 58 to be discharged by gravity from the bottom of the shaft 6.
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification 0f the device of FIG. 2 in which impurities may be released from the shaft 6 by pivoting the screen 30 normally serving as an obliquely inclined bottom wall for the shaft.
  • the upper edge of the screen 30, otherwise similar to the screen 54, is attached to the shaft 6 by means of a pivot shaft 32.
  • An arm 42 fixedly attached to the screen 30 is hingedly fastened to the piston rod of a double-acting pneumatic motor 40 controlled by a built-in solenoid valve as described above with reference to the motor 56.
  • the sealing rail determines the angle at which the screen 30 is inclined relative to the vertical axis of the shaft 6, and thus permits the apparatus to be adjusted for the properties of material to be processed.
  • Apparatus for fractionating particulate material comprising, in combination:
  • said conduit having an axis and an axial wall circumferentially bounding an axial bore in said conduit
  • said bore having axially terminal top and bottom portions bounded by respective upper and lower terminal parts of said axial wall
  • said axial wall being formed with an opening spacedly adjacent said lower terminal part thereof;
  • feeding means for feeding the particulate material to be fractionated to said opening
  • pressure means for passing a stream of fluid through said apertures into said bore, and through said bore into said collecting vessel.
  • valve means include a closure member secured to said conduit for movement between a plurality of positions in which said closure member defines respective different flow sections of said opening.
  • said discharging means include means for withdrawing said lowermost portion of said end wall from said lower terminal part. and for thereby opening a downwardly directed gap between said lowermost portion and said lower terminal part.
  • said discharging means include means for pivoting said end wall away from the position in which said end wall bounds said bottom portion.
  • said pressure means include means for withdrawing said fluid from said collecting vessel at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure, said apertures communicating with the ambient atmosphere.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
US342061A 1972-04-27 1973-03-16 Pneumatic fractionating apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3862688A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722220785 DE2220785A1 (de) 1972-04-27 1972-04-27 Hochsauge-sichter fuer koerniges schuettgut

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3862688A true US3862688A (en) 1975-01-28

Family

ID=5843502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US342061A Expired - Lifetime US3862688A (en) 1972-04-27 1973-03-16 Pneumatic fractionating apparatus

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3862688A (de)
BE (1) BE797945A (de)
CH (1) CH551230A (de)
DD (1) DD101573A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2220785A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2181872B3 (de)
IT (1) IT982206B (de)
NL (1) NL7304998A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003074369A2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-12 Merck & Co., Inc. Stopper debris separator
JP2014171933A (ja) * 2013-03-06 2014-09-22 National Institute Of Agrobiological Sciences 吸引式種子精選装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2726692C1 (ru) * 2020-02-11 2020-07-15 Роман Геннадьевич Строителев Способ двухступенчатой пневматической сепарации зерновой смеси

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1323306A (en) * 1919-12-02 Coffee-stoning apparatus
US1850719A (en) * 1929-12-16 1932-03-22 Jabez Burns & Sons Inc Apparatus for cleaning coffee, cocoa beans, etc.
US1894020A (en) * 1930-03-03 1933-01-10 Thomas M Chance Valve gear for coal washers and concentrators and method of operating the same
US2125207A (en) * 1936-11-09 1938-07-26 Hilbert E Suggs Vacuum peanut stoner

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1323306A (en) * 1919-12-02 Coffee-stoning apparatus
US1850719A (en) * 1929-12-16 1932-03-22 Jabez Burns & Sons Inc Apparatus for cleaning coffee, cocoa beans, etc.
US1894020A (en) * 1930-03-03 1933-01-10 Thomas M Chance Valve gear for coal washers and concentrators and method of operating the same
US2125207A (en) * 1936-11-09 1938-07-26 Hilbert E Suggs Vacuum peanut stoner

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003074369A2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-12 Merck & Co., Inc. Stopper debris separator
US20030173261A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-18 Kennedy Patrick G. Stopper debris separator
WO2003074369A3 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-12-31 Merck & Co Inc Stopper debris separator
US6726021B2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2004-04-27 Merck & Co., Inc. Stopper debris separator
JP2014171933A (ja) * 2013-03-06 2014-09-22 National Institute Of Agrobiological Sciences 吸引式種子精選装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2181872A1 (de) 1973-12-07
NL7304998A (de) 1973-10-30
CH551230A (de) 1974-07-15
BE797945A (fr) 1973-07-31
FR2181872B3 (de) 1976-03-26
DE2220785A1 (de) 1973-11-08
IT982206B (it) 1974-10-21
DD101573A5 (de) 1973-11-12

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