US3854318A - Forging machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A forging machine including a frame supporting a dropping head to impact an anvil wherein the frame is supported on a foundation by springs. Vibrations created by impact of dropping head and anvil are dissipated by a damping mass adapted to receive impulses from the frame. The damping is supported by springs being less stiff than the frame supporting spring whereby the damping mass undergoes an amplitude of movement greater than the frame.

Description

United States Patent [1 1 Korpeinen Dec. 17, 1974 FORGING MACHINE [76] Inventor: Vaino Korpeinen, Niittykumpu Primary Exammer li0we" Larson a 88 Finland Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Roy E. Petherbridge;

p Robert L. Lindgren; Edward D. Gilhooly [22] Filed: May 23, 1973 [2]] Appi. N().Z 363,064 57] ABSTRACT A forging machine including a frame supporting a reign Applkd'mn Prmmy Data dropping head to impact an anvil wherein the frame is May 26, R972 hnland l48l/72 Supported on a f d i by Springs Vibrations ated by impact of dropping head and anvil are dissi- 52 us. Cl. 72/465, 72/455 pated by a damping mass adapted to receive impulses [5| 1 Int. Cl v B21 13/04 f h f ame Th damping is supported by springs 58 Field of Search 72/465, 455 being less Stiff than the frame supporting Spring whereby the damping mass undergoes an amplitude o [56] 7 References cled movement greater than the frame.

UNlTED STATES PATENTS 3,777,543 12/1973 Kokkola et al. 72/465 5 2 D'awmg Flgures PATENTEL 3551 71974 3854318 SHEET 2 OF 2 Fig.2

MN, Mi i duh! ullll hi FORGING MACHINE in comparison with the amplitude of motion of the anvil mass, to damp the blows conducted from the anvil mass to the stationary foundation of the machine.

-A forging machine similar to the aforementioned type is known from the applicants copending US. ap plication Ser. No. 164,605, now US. Pat. No. 3,777,543. The forging machine of the copending application includes a damping mass which is, separate from the anvil, and is moved in a damped manner in consequence of a blow by the anvil wherein the optimum size of the damping mass is approximately the same as the anvil mass. Other prior art machines also includes a large foundation mass under the frame which-is dug below the floor'surface to reduce the vibrations caused by the blows of the ram block of the customary forging machines in their environments. Between theframe and the foundation mass and between the foundation mass and the ground, there is a layer an elastic damping material the prior art. Such constructions are also known in whichelasticity has been brought about by means of springs. It is characteristic of the prior machines of this construction that the forging machine itself has been supported on the foundation mass. Because of this, it has been-necessary to keep the suspended motion of the foundation mass small so as not to make forging work difficult, while'the anvil is moving together with the frame of the machine and the foundation mass. With a certain energy of blow received by the foundation mass, the springing motion is dependent onthe size of the mass. Because of this a smallamplitude of motion correspondingly causes in these constructions a very great increase of the mass. Although the prior art machines can significantly vibrations, the foundation mass is large and expensive and consumes a great deal of space. Moreover, such a forging machine cannot be easily moved, because the foundation mass is formed of steel and concrete laid on a hole dug in the floor. To eliminate the drawback caused by the large foundation mass, attempts have been made to use counterblow hammers, which have the disadvantage of causing the anvil and the work piece to usually move 40 l millimetres. Moreover, this type of machine is of a relatively complicated construction.

These defects associated with customary forging machines have been eliminated by means of the forging machine which has been described in the applicant'saforementioned US. application. However, the forging machine disclosed in the copending application has not attained the best possible utilization of all the masses of the machine without requirement changes as to the weight and size of the machine. A specific object of this invention is to bring about a further improved forging machine, in which by means of the mutual placing and v support of the masses, the highest possible utilization degree and versatility of the masses has been effected. Accordingly, the mass of the forging machine of invention in its whole has essentially been concentrated to the functionally effective masses, i.e. the anvil, ram

block, and damping mass. These elements in a manner that they take relative to each other as little space as possible.

To realize said purpose the forging machine in accordance with the invention the anvil mass is supported on the frame of the forging machine, to which the ram block mounted by means of bearings. The frame is supported with springs on the stationary foundation, while the damping mass is placed in the hole situated in the foundation and/or in the opening of the anvil.

' Other characteristics and advantages of the invention appear from the following report, in which the invention is explained more closely by referring to the en closed drawings, in which FIG. 1 is a schematic side illustration of a first embodiment of the forging machine of the invention,

FIG. 2 is a schematic side illustration of a second embodiment of a forging machine of invention.

' In the embodiment of FIG. 1 the ram block 1 has been supported on the frame 2a with bearings, to anvil 2b 'is affixed on frame 2a in stationary fashion. The masses of elements 2a and 2b can accordingly be considered functionally as one mass and which is called here the anvil mass. The upper part of the frame 2a forms a closed circle, which encloses the ram block 1. A damping mass 3 is mounted in separate relationship from the anvil mass 2a, 2b, but interacts functionally therewith.,The frame 2a has been suspended on the sta tionary foundation 7 with the springs 4, whose stiffness depends on the size of the anvil mass 2a, 2b and more.

importantly on the blow frequency of the ram block. In such a case the springs 4 have to be of a stiffness to resuit in the specific frequency of the mass system is sufficiently greater than the blow frequency of the ram block. The blow length of the springs 4 can be very small. The damping mass 3 has also been supported on the stationary-foundation by means of the springs 5, whose stiffness on the contrary is small in comparison 7 to springs 4 and blow length large. The optimum size of the damping mass 3 is approximately the same or even a little smaller than that of the anvil mass 2a, 2b.

A damper 6 is also situated between the stationary damping mass 3 can freely move with a large amplitude of motion. If desired, frame 2a can be provided with a recess 9, which receives part of the damping mass 3.

The forging machine itself can extend above the floor,

7, in which case the recess 9 is extended to receive the damping mass 3 partly or in its whole. In FIG. 2 there is illustrated another embodiment of the forging machines of the invention, which differs from the forging machine presented in FIG. 1 in regard to the location and support of the damping mass 3. In FIG. 2 the damping mass 3 been placed entirely within an opening 9a situated in the frame 2a, which is surrounded by the anvil mass in the form of a closed circle. The damping mass 3 is supported on the frame 2a by means of the springs 5. Thus, the anvil mass 2a, 2b and the damping mass 3 are situated relative to stationary foundation 7 ing machine types.

The function of the forging machine of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 in accordance with the invenin this embodiment in reverse order to customary forg tion is the following. The work piece to be forged is supported by the anvil 2b. A driving device (not shown) lifts the ram block 1, which when dropped strikes the work piece. The blow energy of the blow is' transferred through anvil 2b and frame to the damping mass 3. Damping mass 3 under the influence of the blow moves downwards and is damped by the damper 6 to retain to its original position by resiliency of the springs 5. It can be proved that by choosing suitable relations between the masses, particularly between the anvil mass 2a, 2b and the damping mass 3, as well as a proper springing, the motion of the frame 2a and the anvil 2b remains minimal, an advantageous in forging work. In consequence of this insignificant motion of the anvil mass 2a, 2b, the blows conducted to the stationary foundation 7 through the springs 4 are so small that no inconvenient vibrations are transferred to the surroundings. As already mentioned, although the amplitude of the motion of the dampingmass is large, the fact that the stiffness of the springs 5 is small and the damping effects of the damping mass 3 slow, and not abrupt, no injurious vibrations to the surroundings occur. It can also be proved in view-of the result it is advantageous to space damping mass 3 from frame 2a and the damping mass 3 there is a small separation from of a optimum size of 2 3 millimetres.

Compared with the known forging machines, the construction in accordance with the invention is unexpensive, it does not require much space and can easily be moved from place to place. Moreover, uncompli-- cated construction guarantees the safety of operation. The construction in accordance with the invention can also be utilized in customary forging machines as a subsequent solution, in which case the frame with anvil and ram block previously built upon a large foundation mass the is supported with springs directly on the stationary foundation. A and damping mass in accordance with the invention has been placed under the frame in a hole previously made in the foundation.

I claim:

1. A forging machine comprising a frame adapted to be supported on a foundation,

said frame including an-affixed anvil and a ram block mounted for dropping movement relative to'the frame for impact against the anvil supporting a workpiece,

said frame means being resiliently supported on a foundation by spring means for movement of predetermined amplitude after said impact,

a damping mass mounted adjacent the frame for movement upon impact of the dropping head against theanvil,

said damping mass being resiliently mounted relative to a support surface for amplitude of movement after said impact greater than said predetermined amplitude of movement of the frame, and

said damping mass including damping means to dampen motion created by contact with the frame after impact of the dropping head and anvil.

. 2. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the damping mass is supported on'the support surface by springs having a smaller resilient stiffness than said spring means supporting the frame.

3. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the support surface is the foundation on which the frame is supported.

4. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the support surface is a portion of the frame.

5. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the frame and the damping mass are separated prior to impact of the droppinghead and anvil.

Claims (5)

1. A forging machine comprising a frame adapted to be supported on a foundation, said frame including an affixed anvil and a ram block mounted for dropping movement relative to the frame for impact against the anvil supporting a workpiece, said frame means being resiliently supported on a foundation by spring means for movement of predetermined amplitude after said impact, a damping mass mounted adjacent the frame for movement upon impact of the dropping head against the anvil, said damping mass being resiliently mounted relative to a support surface for amplitude of movement after said impact greater than said predetermined amplitude of movement of the frame, and said damping mass including damping means to dampen motion created by contact with the frame after impact of the dropping head and anvil.

2. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the damping mass is supported on the support surface by springs having a smaller resilient stiffness than said spring means supporting the frame.

3. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the support surface is the foundation on which the frame is supported.

4. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the support surface is a portion of the frame.

5. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the frame and the damping mass are separated prior to impact of the dropping head and anvil.

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