US3777543A - Forging machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A forging machine including an anvil for supporting an object to be forged for impact by means of a dropping head. The anvil is supported by springs and an absorption means is situated below the anvil to absorb shocks thereof and prevent transmittal of vibrations to the surroundings of the machine. The absorption means is separated from the anvil by a predetermined separation and is resiliently mounted.

Description

United States Patent 11 1 Kokkola et a1.

[ 1 Dec. 11, 1973 FORGING MACHINE Inventors: Seppo J. Kokkola, Uudentuvantic 29B; Veikko A. Lassila, Pohjoiskaari 43812, both of Helsinki, Finland Filed: July 21, 1971 App1.No.: 164,605

Foreign Application Priority Data July 21, 1970 Finland ..2038/70 U.S. c1 72/465, 72/455, 267/130 1m. 01 B21] 13/06 Field of Search 72/434, 456, 465,

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 6/1950 Sargent et a1 72/465 Fitzgerald 72/456 Rode 267/130 Primary Examiner-Lowell A. Larson Attorney-Petherbridge, ONeill & Lindgren [57] ABSTRACT A forging machine including an anvil for supporting an object to be forged for impact by means of a dropping head. The anvil is supported by springs and an absorption means is situated below the anvil to absorb shocks thereof and prevent transmittal of vibrations to the surroundings of the machine. The absorption means is separated from the anvil by a predetermined separation and is resiliently mounted.

5 Claims, 2 Drawing lFigures ATENIEDDEEIHQYS Fig. 1

AWAYAYAYA'Y/AWX'Y/ INVENTORZ BYI FORGING MACHINE This invention relates to a forging machine comprising an anvil against which a dropping head is dropped an absorption part.

In the forging machines of prior art, especially used for mold forging, a rather large foundation mass is arranged under the body construction beneath the anvil I in order to reduce the vibrations caused by shocks. Be-

cause the foundation mass, is large in size and volume, the mass is placed below the floor surface. In order to reduce the shaking transmitted to the surroundings the masses are supported elastically by inserting a layer of elastic material both between the body and the foundation mass and between the foundation mass and the ground. The dropping head, the anvil and the lower part of the body and the foundation mass are thus constructed with a three-mass-vibrating system during forging, supported entirely upon the large foundation mass. In an arrangement of this kind the heavy and voluminous foundation mass results in several drawbacks, such as that the forging machine cannot be easily moved once mounted, and, also that such a device is expensive.

Further, other forging machines are known in the prior art in which the inconvenient and expensive foundation mass has been replaced by a two-mass-system operating on a basis of the so-called double action principle, in which the anvil is moved by means of a press cylinder in a direction opposite to the direction of motion of the dropping head, resulting in no harmful vibratory forces being transmitted to the surroundings. The drawback of this arrangement however lies in the fact thatthe anvil can move as much as 300 mm. during each shock. Such a movement of the anvil is disadvantageous in keeping the object to be forced in its place and makes so-called free forging quite impossible. The construction is also complicated and expensive.

In order to avoid this drawback, a three-mass-system is used in the prior art as is disclosed in German patent No. 678,976 whereby masses, situated on both sides of the anvil, direct a stroke simultaneously to the opposite sides of the anvil. The anvil will then remain relatively immobile; if the two masses strike the anvil exactly at the same time. However, the achievement of synchronization of the two masses striking towards each other is, obviously difficult and requires considerable additional structure.

An object of the invention is to provide a forging machine, which eliminates the necessity of a large foundation mass having a double action mass moved synchronously with the dropping head whereby movement of the anvil is, however, effectively prevented without vibrations being detrimentally transmitted to the surroundings of the machine.

According to the invention, this object is attained by situating the anvil adjacent absorption part, which is separated from the anvil for absorption of shacks. This absorption part is preferrably the approximate size of the anvil and may be directly supported on the body of the machine by means of springs. Due to the relatively small mass of the absorption part of the invention the relative speed and acceleration to produce a shock and the range of movement are considerably higher than the corresponding values of prior art forging machines having a foundation mass.

The construction according to the invention is most effectively achieved when the anvil and the absorption part do not contact with each other at rest. They are placed at a predetermined distance from each other, their contact surfaces are split or separated by a predetermined distance. The impact of the element has thus been arranged to occur in two phases which is particularly advantageous in relation to vibration of the anvil.

The size of the split or separation between the contact surfaces of the anvil and the absorption part is most important just after the time that the dropping head has contacted the work piece creating impact of the anvil against the absorption part. By using the split or separation and also a proper mass ratio between the absorption part and the anvil, it is possible by means of the construction according to the invention to decrease the amplitude of movement of the anvil to an amount to equal the separation the rest between the anvil and the absorption part at rest. Because of the short contact time of a few hundredth of second between the dropping head and the work piece or anvil, the journey made together by the dropping head, the work piece and the anvil remains short, so that the size of the separation required is small and the movement of the anvil is slight during the same.

The size of this separation between the contact surfaces of the anvil and absorption part is preferrably about 1-3 mm. The principle and operation of the forging machine according to this invention appear in detail from the accompanying drawing in which FIG. 1 is a side view of the fundamental drawing of the forging machine according to the invention,

FIG. 2 shows the principle of the mutual location of the masses in the forging machine according to the invention.

In the forging machine according to the invention, drive equipment 1 lifts the dropping head 2, and then sinks and strikes work piece 4 situated on the anvil 5 which is in turn is supported on body 3 by spring 6. During the short contact time of the dropping head, the dropping head, the work piece and the anvil being supported by means of the springs 6 on the body 3 move together the small distance 10 between an absorption 7 part and the anvil. On the ending of the contact of the dropping head with the work piece, the dropping head rebounds upward at a certain speed and the drive equipment lifts the dropping head. to the position preceding the shock. Influenced by the energy of motion obtained from the dropping head, the work piece and the anvil strike the absorption part 7 which in the state of rest is biased against stop ill by springs 8. Influenced by the shock caused by the anvil, the absorption part is moved downward, until stopped in a lower position by springs 8 and a viscous absorption means for dash pot 9,.

Thereafter, means 7 is returned. under the influence of springs 8 to its upper position against the stop 11.

Since the speed of the anvil '5 is zero at the end of the second pushing phase, the anvil together with the work piece, influenced by spring force, starts to move upwards and its movement due friction is rapidly reduced to zero. After a short vibration time the anvil has resumed its original position, from which it, influenced by the next shock, again sets off.

In the above-described invention the size of the separation between the anvil and the absorption part is assumed to be of the size of the extent of movement made by the anvil during the first pushing phase. In principle, this separation may be larger, but it will then always resuit in a larger amplitude of the anvil, which is harmful regarding forging. Theoretic determining of the most advantageous split distance is difficult, but by practical experiments it may, however, be determined with sufficient accuracy and its size varies usually between 1 and 3 mm.

A forging machine according to this invention is of course not confined to the above-described example of an embodiment, and the mutual location and manner of support such as of the dropping head, the anvil and the absorption part may considerably differ from the above-mentioned embodiment. Accordingly, all other embodiments are possible within the scope of the following claims.

We claim:

1. A forging machine comprising an anvil mounted for movement in response to an impact and for supporting an object to forged,

a dropping head for impacting the anvil,

an absorption part mounted adjacent the anvil to absorb shocks resulting from the impact of the anvil and dropping head, said absorption part being separated from the anvil at a rest position by a predetermined separation and said anvil adapted to move a distance equal to said predetermined separation in response to the impact of the dropping head to impact against the absorption part for absorption of shocks.

2 The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the dropping head, the anvil, and the absorption part are mounted along an axis coinciding to direction of impact of the dropping head.

3. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the absorption part is resiliently mounted.

4. The forging machine of claim 3 wherein the anvil is resiliently mounted.

5. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the absorption part possesses a mass of the approximate magnitude of the mass of the anvil.

Claims (5)

1. A forging machine comprising an anvil mounted for movement in response to an impact and for supporting an object to forged, a dropping head for impacting the anvil, an absorption part mounted adjacent the anvil to absorb shocks resulting from the impact of the anvil and dropping head, said absorption part being separated from the anvil at a rest position by a predetermined separation and said anvil adapted to move a distance equal to said predetermined separation in response to the impact of the dropping head to impact against the absorption part for absorption of shocks.

2. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the dropping head, the anvil, and the absorption part are mounted along an axis coinciding to direction of impact of the dropping head.

3. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the absorption part is resiliently mounted.

4. The forging machine of claim 3 wherein the anvil is resiliently mounted.

5. The forging machine of claim 1 wherein the absorption part possesses a mass of the approximate magnitude of the mass of the anvil.

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