Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/044—Hydroxides or bases
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/30—Sulfonation products derived from lignin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/08—Silicates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2068—Ethers

Definitions

• Silk screen techniques are widely used in certain I areas of technology including graphics, printed circuitry preparation, and the like.
• the silk weave is maintained or retained in a metallic frame, and a stencil masking material is applied thereto.
• the masking material traditionally includes polyvinyl acetate-polyvinyl alcohol as a binder together with a photosensitive substance such as sodium chromate, sodium bichromate, or a diazo material.
• a photosensitive substance such as sodium chromate, sodium bichromate, or a diazo material.
• the mask image is prepared and the latent nonpolymerized materials are washed from the screen weave, and the mask is then ready for use.
• paints or other materials are employed to properly prepare the image on the surface of the substrate or other medium to receive print.
• inks which are traditionally used are vinyls, alkyds, latex materials, thermosetting acrylics, lacquers including pigmented and non-pigmented materials, enamels, thermosetting polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene or polypropylene, along with adhesives.
• epoxy-base materials are also utilized.
• an aqueous solution is employed for removing residue from silk screen stencils, wherein the solution contains an alkaline hydroxide along with other components which function as dispersents for pigments and other soils, solvents for the film-forming resins, and an inhibitor to protect the surface of the metallic frames, normally aluminum.
• the composition provides a working solution which rapidly removes residue from the screen surface, holds the residues in suspension; all of this being accomplished without adversely affecting either the silk weave substance or the metallic frame.
• an alkaline concentrate is prepared having the following formulation:
• Balance water This particular formulation is utilized as a concentrate which is further diluted with water to prepare the ultimate working solution.
• the concentrate is incorporated in water in a quantity ranging from between 10 percent and 60 percent of concentrate, balance water.
• the working solution is placed in a tank and the screen desired to be cleaned is immersed in the tank fora period of approximately 15 minutes. Such immersion is normally sufficient to remove approximately percent of the soil present on the screen, and effectively softens the polyvinyl acetate resist. Obviously, if the material were to be heated, the immersion time could be shortened.
• the screen is subjected to a spray rinse with the same working solution, with the rinse preferably being achieved with a nozzle capable of dispensing a discharge of approximately 2 gallons per minute at 500 psi. This will effectively remove the soil from the screen and after rinsing and drying, the screen is suited for re-use.
• silk screens are prepared utilizing multi-filament or monofilament polyester or nylon materials.
• the working solution of the present invention has been found to be non-harmful to these fabrics. Also, in addition to aluminum, steel and wood frames are in use, neither of which are adversely affected by the working solutions of the-present invention.
• the working solutions of the present invention are operational without requiring the use of flammable solvents or chlorine bleaches, both of which are difficult for handling.
• the surface active agents which are employed in the material are biodegradible, and thus provide an advantage in ultimate disposal.
• the formulations have long tank life, and exceptionally long shelf life. Thus, unusual precautions are not required for use.
• temperatures are not an absolute requirement, however it has been found that temperatures in the range of from 180 F. to 200 F. are desirable from the standpoint of cleaning efficiency.
• compositional range has been found particularly desirable for use with paints of the following composition or formulation; vinyls, alkyds, latex materials, thermosetting acrylics, lacquers including pigmented and non-pigmented materials, enamels, thermosetting polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene or polypropylene, along with adhesives.
• potassium hydroxide is preferred, however it is understood that the hydroxide may be an alkaline earth hydroxide selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
• This component in the formulation is an alkaline donor which enhances the cleaning function, as well as providing a neutralization source for acidic soil.
• potassium hydroxide functions as a silicate stabilizer as a potassium ion donor in the system.
• the tetrapotassium pyrophosphate in addition to functioning as a water softener in the working solution, is a strong dispersent for pigments dissolved in the cleaning operation.
• Sodium gluconate also identifiable as the sodium salt of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 pentahydroxy-l-hexanoic acid, and the sodium ligno sulfonate function as strong dispersents for removed soil, and also operate to complex metallic ions present in the soils. In addition, these materials function as an anti-scale and sludge conditioner.
• Sodium lignosulfonate is the sodium salt of lignin sulfonic acid. While the exact structure of lignin has not as yet been determined, it is known to be a polymer with an average molecular weight of about 10,000.
• the repeating monomer unit is guar-acyl propane having the structural formula as follows:
• Sodium silicate solids are employed having'a Na O/- SiO ratio of l: 1.6 up to about 123.22. This range of materials has been found to be useful.
• the sodium silicate provides a strong corrosion inhibitor for soft metals such as aluminum, and also provides for a substantial degree of detergency.
• the diethylene glycol monobutyl ether and the diethylene glycol monoethyl ether are employed for their properties of strong penetrants and solvents for the film-forming resins. They have low odor, are water soluble, with high boiling points.
• the nonionic surface active agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of octyphenoxyethanol and nonylphenoxyethanol. These materials have a high cloud point (normally above C. are biodegradable, and alkaline stable. They tend to reduce the surface tension and therefore aid in rinsing after film removal. Other nonionic or anionic surface active agents may be used if desired.
• Anionic surface active agents which may be utilized successfully are sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate materials which are, of course, widely used for these purposes. These materials are commercially available.
• R is a straight or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon group having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, such as a straight or branched group, such as octyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl and the like;
• A is either oxygen, sulfur, a carbonamide group, thiocarbonamide group, a carboxylic group or thiocarboxylic ester group,
• x is an integer from 3 to 8 and M is preferably sodium, but may be either hydrogen, potassium, ammonium, an organic amine such as ethanolamine, diethan- '5 olamide, triethanolamine, ethylene diamine or the like.
• sulfated oxyethylated alkyl phenol class of anionic surface active agents include ammonium nonylphenoxy tetraethylenoxy sulfate, sodium dodecylphenoxy triethyleneoxy sulfate,
• EXAMPLE 1 Percent Component by Weight Potassium hydroxide 0.397 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 0.9 Sodium silicate solids (Na O/SiO 1:3;22) 0.625 Sodium gluconate 0.1875 Sodium ligno sulfonate 0.0625 Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 0.5 Diethylene glycol monethyl ether 25 Octylphenoxyethanol 0.0565 Balance water This formulation provided good results.
• EXAMPLE 2 Percent I Component by Weight Potassium hydroxide l.99 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 4.5 Sodium silicate solids (Na o/SiO 1:1.6) 3. l25 Sodium gluconate 0.938 Sodium ligno sulfonate 0.313 Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2.5 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether 12.5 Nonylphenoxyethanol 0.238 Balance water.
• EXAMPLE 3 Percent Component by Weight Potassium hydroxide 1.32 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 3.0 Sodium silicate solids Nap/$0, 1:1.6) 2.08 Sodium gluconate 0.625 Sodium ligno sulfonate 0.208 Diethylene glycol monobutyl ethe 1.67 Diethylene glycol monethyl ether 8.33 Sodium dodecylphenoxy-triethyleneoxy sulfate 0. l 88 Balance water This formulation provided good results.
• EXAMPLE 4 Percent Component by Weight Potassium hydroxide 1.32 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 3.0 Sodium silicate solids 2.08 Sodium gluconate 0.625 Sodium ligno sulfonate 0.208 Diethylene glycol monbutyl ether L67 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether 8.33 Potassium octylphenoxy triethyleneoxy sulfate 0. I88
• An alkaline earth hydroxide selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium hydroxides .3 to 2 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 7 to 4 Sodium silicate solids (Na,O/SiO l:l.6 Y
• the alkaline aqueous cleaning solution as defined in claim 1 being particularly characterized in that said alkaline earth hydroxide is potassium hydroxide.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
• Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
• Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (6)

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Citations (3)

• 1972
  • 1972-12-07 US US00312936A patent/US3853782A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1973
  • 1973-04-26 CA CA169,587A patent/CA975236A/en not_active Expired
  • 1973-06-21 JP JP48070415A patent/JPS5138241B2/ja not_active Expired

Patent Citations (3)

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