US3851826A - Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis - Google Patents

Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis Download PDF

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Publication number
US3851826A
US3851826A US00396925A US39692573A US3851826A US 3851826 A US3851826 A US 3851826A US 00396925 A US00396925 A US 00396925A US 39692573 A US39692573 A US 39692573A US 3851826 A US3851826 A US 3851826A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cutter element
cutter
surface portion
carrier liquid
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00396925A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
I Perlman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
REVGROUP PANTRY MIRROR CORP A DE CORP
Alfa Laval AB
Original Assignee
Technicon Instruments Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technicon Instruments Corp filed Critical Technicon Instruments Corp
Priority to US00396925A priority Critical patent/US3851826A/en
Priority to CA206,104A priority patent/CA993861A/en
Priority to BE147461A priority patent/BE818681A/xx
Priority to NL7410768A priority patent/NL7410768A/xx
Priority to FR7427991A priority patent/FR2243726B1/fr
Priority to DE2442657A priority patent/DE2442657A1/de
Priority to CH1214674A priority patent/CH590079A5/xx
Priority to JP49102533A priority patent/JPS5748969B2/ja
Priority to SE7411374A priority patent/SE410403B/xx
Priority to GB3959774A priority patent/GB1457677A/en
Priority to AU73194/74A priority patent/AU474761B2/en
Priority to IT69761/74A priority patent/IT1020783B/it
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3851826A publication Critical patent/US3851826A/en
Assigned to REVGROUP PANTRY MIRROR CORP., A DE. CORP. reassignment REVGROUP PANTRY MIRROR CORP., A DE. CORP. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE DATE; JULY 25, 1986 Assignors: TECHICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION
Assigned to ALFA-LAVAL AB, TUMBA, SWEDEN A SWEDISH CORPORATION reassignment ALFA-LAVAL AB, TUMBA, SWEDEN A SWEDISH CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION
Assigned to ALFA-LAVAL AB, A SWEDISH CORP. reassignment ALFA-LAVAL AB, A SWEDISH CORP. PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 4951 FRAME 0555, CORECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT A SERIAL NUMBER ERRORNOUSLY RECORDED AS 470,357 ASSIGNOR HEREBY CONFIRMS THE ASSIGNMENT OF THE ENTIRE INTEREST Assignors: TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B02C18/10—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged above container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/83—Mixing plants specially adapted for mixing in combination with disintegrating operations
    • B01F33/8305—Devices with one shaft, provided with mixing and milling tools, e.g. using balls or rollers as working tools; Devices with two or more tools rotating about the same axis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A mixer to reduce solids having a constituent of interest therein for analysis, which reduction is of a physi cal nature and takes place in a carrier liquid.
  • the mixer is similar to a homogenizer and includes a cutter element which rotates relatively to a second cutter element and is mounted to float toward and away from the second element.
  • the first cutter element has at least one hydrofoil surface portion on the face thereof obverse to the face thereof which coacts with the second element. When the first cutter element is rotated at speed, the action of such hydrofoil surface on the carrier liquid is such as to urge the first cutter element toward the second cutter element to obtain the opti mum cutting gap between the cutter elements.
  • a cutter element which rotated and was driven relatively to a second cutter element for coaction therewith.
  • the first cutter element was fixed to a driving shaft which was floatingly mounted for movement of the first cutter element toward and away from the second cutter element.
  • the driving shaft was spring biased in a direction to urge the first cutter element toward the second cutter element and thereby control the cutting gap.
  • Such spring-biased gap closing as described above has the advantages of avoidance of close gap adjustment, ability to approach zero gap, some compensation for wear of the cutting faces, and avoids change of gap caused by thermal changes in the cutting elements.
  • One object of the invention is to provide an improved mixer similar to a homogenizer for breaking up various solids to minute size in a carrier liquid. Another object is to provide such a mixer which includes a cutter element which rotates relatively to a second cutter element and is mounted to float toward and away from the second element.
  • the first cutter element has at least one hydrofoil surface portion on the face thereof obverse to the face thereof which coacts with the second element. When the first cutter element is rotated at speed, the action of such hydrofoil surface portion on the carrier liquid is such as to urge the first cutter element toward the second cutter element to obtain the minimum cutting gap between the cutter elements.
  • FIG. 1 is a median sectional view in elevation of a mixer embodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the cutter elements taken on line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 1 but illustrating in an exaggerated manner the gap between the cutter elements when the mixer is not in operation;
  • FIG. 4 is a view taken on line 44 of FIG. 3; and FIGS. 4a-4c illustrate details of the lower cutter ele ment of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a box-like body, indicated generally at 10, having a lower part 12 and an upper part 14 which parts define therebetween a mixing chamber 16.
  • the chamber 16 has an inlet 18 formed in the upper part of the body which is in communication with an inlet hole in a flange structure 20, which hole is indicated at 22 and is provided for loading the chamber 16.
  • the lower part 12 of the chamber-forming body has an opening 24 through the bottom thereof which is normally closed by a plug 24a which is removed usually only for removal of the contents of the chamber 16 and the rinsing of the chamber.
  • the upper part 14 of the body has a central boss 27 depending into the chamber 16.
  • the boss 27 has a central upwardly extending opening therethrough and extending through the upper extremity of the upper body part 14, which opening receives the hollow stub shaft 28 of cutter element 30 integral with the stub shaft 28.
  • a sleeve 32 is fast therewith on the upper end portion of the stub shaft 28 .
  • the sleeve 32 has one or more slots therein, one being shown, into which one or more radially inward projections of a retaining ring 34 project, respectively, to fix the shaft 28 against angular movement with reference to the chamber-forming body 10 in a manner which will appear more fully hereinafter.
  • the flange structure 20 has extending from the central upper part thereof shaft housing 38 in fixed relation to the flange structure 20.
  • the shaft housing 38 is in axial alignment with the stub shaft 28 and receives a shaft 40 extending through the housing 38 and through the stub shaft 28.
  • the flange structure 20 near the junction of the shaft housing 38 has a transverse opening 42 therein which is also adjacent bearing retainer 44 at the lower end of shaft housing 38.
  • Within the housing 38 around the shaft are bearing members 46 and 48.
  • the shaft 40 projects upwardly from the upper end of the housing 38 as shown and a retainer 50 encircles the shaft in fixed relation to the housing at the last-mentioned end of the housing.
  • Fast on the upper end of the shaft 40 is a pulley 52 above the housing 38 and secured to the shaft 40, as by a bolt 54.
  • the shaft 40 is a driving shaft for the cutter element, indicated generally at 56, which is located below the cutter element in a manner to coact therewith.
  • the shaft is driven from the pulley 52 through any suitable driving belt not shown, and it is to be noted that the construction and arrangement is such that the cutter element 56, which may be integral with the lower portion of shaft 50, travels axially between the positions shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. In the last-mentioned position, the travel being exaggerated for purposes of illustration as previously indicated, the cutter element 56 is spaced from the cutter element 30. In practice the travel of the cutter element 56 with shaft 40 may be ap' proximately 0.002 inch. It will be appreciated, of course, that the pulley drive of the shaft 40 permits this degree of movement. Downward movement of the shaft 40 is limited by abutment of the pulley against the housing. If desired a thrust bearing may be interposed between the pulley 52 and the upper extremity of the housing 38.
  • the cutter element 30 has planar upper and lower surfaces, and, as best shown in FIG. 2, defines a plurality of laterally extending lobes 58.
  • the lobes are four in number, and as shown in FIG. 1, the lobes have substantial depth from top to bottom.
  • the lobes 58 project radially from the hub portion of the cutter element 30 and have rounded distal ends, as at 60.
  • the junctions of the vertical surfaces of the lobes 58 with the flat undersurface of the cutter element 30 form knife edges one being indicated at 39 in FIG. 1.
  • the substantial height of the lobes serves the function of baffles. lt will be obvious to those versed in the art that, while in the illustrated form the cutter element 30 is stationary, this element could be driven if desired.
  • the cutter element 56 has upper and lower planar surfaces 62 and 64, respectively, which are horizontally arranged as is the lower surface of the cutter element 30. Projecting laterally from the axis of rotation at an obtuse angle to one another are projections 66 of the cutter element 56, shown in FIG. 4 which is a plan view of the cutter element 56, and cutter element 56 rotates in the direction of the arrow of that view. In the illustrated form the projections 66 are three in number. Each projection 66 is formed in part by a substantially planar vertically arranged surface 68 and a substantially planar vertically arranged surface portion 70, one such surface portion being shown in FIG. 4a. The distal end of each projection 66 is formed on a radius, as indicated at 72.
  • each such end surface 72 At an angle to each such end surface 72, in the manner shown in the broken lines in FIG. 4 and in full line in the remaining views of FIG. 4, is an undercut 74 providing a hydrofoil surface portion sloping upwardly from the planar surface 64 to the vertically disposed surface portion 70 of each projection 66.
  • the junction of the upper surface 62 of the cutter element with the surface 70 of each projection 66 forms a knife edge 76.
  • the cutter element 30, together with the shaft 28 may be formed of metal or ceramic material, for example. If desired, the cutter element 56, together with the lower portion of the shaft 40, may be formed of ceramic material.
  • the mixer may be incorporated as a part of an entirely automated analysis system. Before the first sample and the carrier liquid therefore is loaded into the chamber 16 the latter, while the bottom outlet 24 is open, is rinsed and then plugged as aforesaid.
  • the charge in the chamber 16 may be of a plurality of tablets, for example, in the aforementioned carrier liquid.
  • the inlet opening 22 may have associated therewith a splashguard not shown. At this time the cutter elements 30 and 56 having the relationship shown in FIG. 3 in which the elements are disengaged.
  • the drive of the shaft 40 is then initiated through the pulley 52, and it will be understood that the previously mentioned charge in the chamber 16 is sufficient for the cutter element 56 to be totally immersed therein and the cutter element 30 to be at least partially immersed in the charge.
  • the hydrodynamic force of the partially liquid charge in the chamber 16 upon the hydrofoil surfaces 74 of the cutter element 56 causes the element 56 to lift upwardly with the shaft 40 until such lifting movement is stopped by abutment with the cutter element 30, the cutter elements 30 and 56 then being in optimum shearing relation to one another and having the minimum gap therebetween, free of spring loading, for effective shearing action between the elements 30 and 56 as the shaft 40 continues to be driven at or above the last-mentioned number of rpms.
  • the construction and arrangement avoid the necessity of gap setting of the cutter elements as they are self-gapping, with the ability to approach zero gap, while compensating for wear on the cutting faces and thermal changes in the cutter elements.
  • the mixture in the chamber in addition to having the solids cut or pulverized or shredded by the cutter elements 30 and 56, is heavily agitated and that during such agitation the mixture is forceably thrust against the baffles 58 of the cutter element 30 and repelled therefrom to enhance the mixing action.
  • the opening 24 at the bottom of the chamber 16 is unplugged and the contents drained through the opening with at least a portion thereof passing to an alysis in a manner similar to that illustrated and described in the aforementioned Ferrari et a] US. Pat. No. 3,223,485 issued Dec. I4, 1965.
  • the cycle is then repeated until all of the samples have been treated by the mixer in the aforementioned manner.
  • Apparatus for mixing solid sample material in a carrier liquid for analysis comprising: a first cutter element, a second cutter element, said first cutter element being driven relatively to said second cutter element about a rotary axis for a shearing action between said cutter elements which are engageable with one another, and means mounting said first cutter element for floating movement toward and away from said second cutter element, each of said cutter elements having on one face thereof plural knife edges in array about said axis, said first cutter element having means thereon to shift said first cutter element to gap-closing relationship with said first element and maintain such relationship during operation of such apparatus for mixing and to move in a direction away from said second cutter element upon termination of such operation.
  • said means on said first cutter element comprises at least one hydrofoil surface portion which when said first cutter element rotates at speed receives a hydrodynamic force from the carrier liquid to effect shifting of the last-mentioned cutter element to gap-closing position with said second cutter element.
  • said first cutter element is provided with plural projections from said axis which are arranged at an obtuse angle to one another, each having one of said knife edges thereon.
  • said second cutter element is provided with a plurality of lobes which project radially from said axis in array therearound, said lobes having substantial height.
  • said first cutter element has a plurality of lateral projections in array around said axis, each projection having on said obverse face a hydrofoil surface portion.
  • each of said projections has a long side edge and a short side edge, and said knife edge on the projection being formed on the short edge.
  • said means on said first cutter element comprises a hydrofoil surface portion which when said first cutter element rotates at speed receives a hydrodynamic force from the carrier liquid to effect shifting of the lastmentioned cutter element to engaged position with said being formed by an inclined surface which is spaced from said knife edge.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US00396925A 1973-09-13 1973-09-13 Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis Expired - Lifetime US3851826A (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00396925A US3851826A (en) 1973-09-13 1973-09-13 Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis
CA206,104A CA993861A (en) 1973-09-13 1974-08-01 Migrating blender rotor with container attached breakers
BE147461A BE818681A (fr) 1973-09-13 1974-08-09 Appareil pour le traitement de solides aux fins d'analyse
NL7410768A NL7410768A (nl) 1973-09-13 1974-08-12 Inrichting voor het mengen van vast monster- materiaal.
FR7427991A FR2243726B1 (ja) 1973-09-13 1974-08-13
DE2442657A DE2442657A1 (de) 1973-09-13 1974-09-06 Vorrichtung zum mischen von festem probenmaterial in einer traegerfluessigkeit zur analyse
JP49102533A JPS5748969B2 (ja) 1973-09-13 1974-09-07
CH1214674A CH590079A5 (ja) 1973-09-13 1974-09-07
SE7411374A SE410403B (sv) 1973-09-13 1974-09-09 Apparat foer soenderdelning och blandning av fast material i en baerarvaetska foer analys
GB3959774A GB1457677A (en) 1973-09-13 1974-09-11 Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis
AU73194/74A AU474761B2 (en) 1973-09-13 1974-09-11 Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis
IT69761/74A IT1020783B (it) 1973-09-13 1974-09-12 Dispositivo miscelatore per la pre parazione di campioni solidi per l analisi

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00396925A US3851826A (en) 1973-09-13 1973-09-13 Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3851826A true US3851826A (en) 1974-12-03

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ID=23569150

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00396925A Expired - Lifetime US3851826A (en) 1973-09-13 1973-09-13 Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3851826A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5748969B2 (ja)
AU (1) AU474761B2 (ja)
BE (1) BE818681A (ja)
CA (1) CA993861A (ja)
CH (1) CH590079A5 (ja)
DE (1) DE2442657A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2243726B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1457677A (ja)
IT (1) IT1020783B (ja)
NL (1) NL7410768A (ja)
SE (1) SE410403B (ja)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000053128A1 (en) * 1999-03-10 2000-09-14 Clokie Cameron M L Oral craniofacial bone mill
WO2002066147A1 (de) * 2001-02-22 2002-08-29 Medic Tools Ag Vorrichtung zum mischen und homogenisieren von materialien in einem labortestgefäss mit einem rührelement
CN104001598A (zh) * 2014-06-03 2014-08-27 安徽国祯环保节能科技股份有限公司 一种氧化沟浮渣破碎机
CN106622517A (zh) * 2016-12-08 2017-05-10 佛山市金银河智能装备股份有限公司 一种锂电池浆料生产用均质机

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60194966A (ja) * 1984-03-16 1985-10-03 シャープ株式会社 運動管理機

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2963281A (en) * 1952-12-19 1960-12-06 Reiffen Ernst Alfred Stirrer devices for mixing vessels
US3223485A (en) * 1962-09-07 1965-12-14 Technicon Instr Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis
US3666187A (en) * 1970-05-13 1972-05-30 Us Health Education & Welfare Laboratory homogenizer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2963281A (en) * 1952-12-19 1960-12-06 Reiffen Ernst Alfred Stirrer devices for mixing vessels
US3223485A (en) * 1962-09-07 1965-12-14 Technicon Instr Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis
US3666187A (en) * 1970-05-13 1972-05-30 Us Health Education & Welfare Laboratory homogenizer

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000053128A1 (en) * 1999-03-10 2000-09-14 Clokie Cameron M L Oral craniofacial bone mill
WO2002066147A1 (de) * 2001-02-22 2002-08-29 Medic Tools Ag Vorrichtung zum mischen und homogenisieren von materialien in einem labortestgefäss mit einem rührelement
US20040252582A1 (en) * 2001-02-22 2004-12-16 Bucher Franz G Device for mixing and homogenizing materials in laboratory test container with a stirring element
US7165734B2 (en) 2001-02-22 2007-01-23 Medic Tools Ag Device for mixing and homogenizing materials in laboratory test container with a stirring element
CN104001598A (zh) * 2014-06-03 2014-08-27 安徽国祯环保节能科技股份有限公司 一种氧化沟浮渣破碎机
CN104001598B (zh) * 2014-06-03 2015-12-09 安徽国祯环保节能科技股份有限公司 一种氧化沟浮渣破碎机
CN106622517A (zh) * 2016-12-08 2017-05-10 佛山市金银河智能装备股份有限公司 一种锂电池浆料生产用均质机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5055959A (ja) 1975-05-16
CA993861A (en) 1976-07-27
JPS5748969B2 (ja) 1982-10-19
BE818681A (fr) 1975-02-10
IT1020783B (it) 1977-12-30
FR2243726B1 (ja) 1978-04-28
DE2442657A1 (de) 1975-03-20
AU474761B2 (en) 1976-07-29
SE410403B (sv) 1979-10-15
NL7410768A (nl) 1975-03-17
FR2243726A1 (ja) 1975-04-11
SE7411374L (ja) 1975-03-14
CH590079A5 (ja) 1977-07-29
AU7319474A (en) 1976-03-18
GB1457677A (en) 1976-12-08

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Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: REVGROUP PANTRY MIRROR CORP., A DE. CORP.

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:TECHICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004940/0684

Effective date: 19860723

AS Assignment

Owner name: ALFA-LAVAL AB, TUMBA, SWEDEN A SWEDISH CORPORATION

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004951/0555

Effective date: 19880714

Owner name: ALFA-LAVAL AB, TUMBA, SWEDEN A SWEDISH CORPORATION

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004951/0555

Effective date: 19880714

AS Assignment

Owner name: ALFA-LAVAL AB, TUMBA, SWEDEN, A SWEDISH CORP.

Free format text: PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 4951 FRAME 0555, CORECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT A SERIAL NUMBER ERRORNOUSLY RECORDED AS 470,357 ASSIGNOR HEREBY CONFIRMS THE ASSIGNMENT OF THE ENTIRE INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005110/0170

Effective date: 19880714