US3850022A - Swaging machine for a continuous swaging of elongated workpieces - Google Patents

Swaging machine for a continuous swaging of elongated workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3850022A
US3850022A US00350738A US35073873A US3850022A US 3850022 A US3850022 A US 3850022A US 00350738 A US00350738 A US 00350738A US 35073873 A US35073873 A US 35073873A US 3850022 A US3850022 A US 3850022A
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United States
Prior art keywords
workpiece
feed rollers
rollers
swaging
path
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00350738A
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English (en)
Inventor
B Kralowetz
G Blaimschein
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Fried Krupp Huettenwerke AG
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Fried Krupp Huettenwerke AG
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Application filed by Fried Krupp Huettenwerke AG filed Critical Fried Krupp Huettenwerke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/14—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes combined with measuring of bends or lengths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers

Definitions

  • a swaging box has a workpiece entrance and a work piece exit defining opposite ends of a path on which a workpiece can travel through said box. At least two dies are mounted in said box and operable to blow at the same time on a workpiece longitudinally extending on said path and to oscillate so as to impart to said workpiece an advance along said path. A set of feed rollers precede said workpiece entrance, A set of feed rollers succeed said workpiece exit. Said sets of feed rollers are arranged to engage a workpiece longitudinally extending on said path and operable to control the travel of said workpiece along said path independently of said advance imparted to said workpiece by the oscillation of said dies.
  • This invention relates to a swaging machine for a continuous swaging of continuous or rod-shaped workpieces, which machine comprises at least two dies which blow at the same time and during such blow oscillate in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece.
  • the maximum reduction and the volume deformed by each die blow depend on the nature of the material to be shaped and on the number of dies which blow at the same time. For each machine,
  • the reduction i.e., the ratio of the diameters of the workpiece before and after the swaging operation
  • the cross-sections of the volumes shaped per die blow must be similar in configuration.
  • the same reduction can be obtained with workpieces which differ in diameter and are to be swaged to the same final dimensions, and the extent to which the workpiece is moved per die blow can be varied either by a variation of the feed rate whereas the dies blow at the same frequency, or by a variation of the frequency at which the dies blow whereas the feed rate remains the same.
  • This object is essentially accomplished according to the invention in that sets of feed rollers are provided before the workpiece entrance and behind the workpiece exit of the swaging box and these rollers control the feed rate of the workpiece independently of the advance imposed to the workpiece by the oscillating dies.
  • the workpiece is firmly gripped by the sets of feed rollers and is moved by them through the swaging box at a velocity which depends on the speed of the feed rollers.
  • the means for driving the feed rollers are so flexible as to take up and equalize the movements which are imposed on the workpiece by the dies as the latter contact the workpiece. As soon as the dies have disengaged the surface of the workpiece, the workpiece can be accelerated or retarded independently of the die movement.
  • the feed rollers impose on the workpiece an advance which is superimposed on the advance imposed by the oscillation of the dies so that the resulting overall feed rate is variable within wide limits.
  • the extent of the movement which can be imparted to the workpiece per die blow can now be changed with relatively simple means so that one and the same swaging machine can be operated to provide highly different final dimensions in conjunction with an equally good swaging effect.
  • the swaging machine will operate without such rollers, just as any other swaging machine, but then the feed rate cannot be varied as easily as before because the speed of travel depends only on the oscillatory movement of the dies.
  • the advance imposed by the oscillating dies is effected at a speed which is in the lower range of the speed of travel so that the sets of feed' rollers serve only to accelerate the workpiece when the dies are disengaged therefrom.
  • Another advantage of the feed rollers provided according to the invention resides in that the sets of drive rollers render the overall advance more uniform. This is significant as regards the power requirement and the quality of the swaged product.
  • rocker arms which are coupled to move in opposite senses and which carry the feed rollers which are arranged opposite to each other, and to provide a pressure fluid actuator for controlling the spacing of said opposite feed rollers.
  • the feed rollers need not be changed whenever a swaged product having a new final dimension is desired but one and the same set of feed rollers can be used to center workpieces having certain initial and final dimensions exactly on the center line of the machine and to vary the speed of travel of the workpiece accordingly.
  • the exit feed rollers serve as sizing rollers.
  • a plurality of pairs of rigidly mounted rollers are arranged one behind the other and are connected to infinitely variable drive means, and adjacent ones of said rollers are angularly spaced apart.
  • swaging alone will not be sufficient and the swaged workpiece must be sized in a separate operation.
  • sets of rollers are arranged before and behind the swaging box and the exit rollers areused as sizing rollers, the swaging machine according to the invention enables a sizing operation to be performed immediately after the swaging operation so that the required accuracy can be provided virtually in a single operation.
  • the sizing rollers must be rigidly mounted, of course, so that they can deform the surface of the workpiece when this is required.
  • Given sizing rollers can be used only for a single dimension and must be replaced for a shaping of workpieces having different dimensions.
  • a plurality of pairs of rollers are arranged one behind the other, adjacent ones of these pairs are angularly spaced 90 apart, and these pairs of rollers can be driven at infinitely variable speeds so that the different speeds of travel of the workpiece can be taken into account.
  • the invention teaches to provide a vibrator for imparting high-frequency vibrations to the sizing rollers. Because high-frequency vibrations can be imparted to the sizing rollers, the sizing can be effected without the so-called 'stick-slip effect, which results in vibrations due to friction. Such vibrations due to friction are self-excited vibrations which are caused by the difference between the larger frictional force which is effective when the movement is initiated and the smaller force of friction which is effective during the subsequent sliding movement. This difference may result in an intermittent or tottering motion, which would adversely affect the quality of the product. This is prevented by a vibration of the sizing rollers because such vibration will prevent a purely static friction and enables a maintenance of constant friction forces as the workpiece is pulled through the rollers.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the crosssections of the deformed portions of two workpieces which differ in initial size.
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation showing a continuous swaging machine according to the invention.
  • the feed rollers, the swaging dies, and the sizing rollers are shown in a position in the plane of the drawings after they have been turned through 45.
  • FIG. 3 is an elevation showing on a larger scale part of the feed roller arrangement.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on line IV-IV in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 is a transverse sectional view showing on a larger scale the sizing arrangement.
  • each of these swaging operations must result in the same reduction or the ratio of the initial diameter D D to the final dimension 11,, d must always be the same, regardless of the initial size and of the final size.
  • the shaped volumes per die blow must have similar cross-sectional configurations F,, F in workpieces having different dimensions.
  • step s performed by the workpiece per die blow must be varied in dependence on the size of the workpiece and must be increased to s when a workpiece having a larger diameter D is to be swaged so that the cross-sectional configurations F F are similar.
  • the speed of travel of the workpiece is changed whereas the frequency at which the dies blow is maintained constant.
  • the continuous swaging machine has a conventional swaging box 1, which includes dies 2 that oscillate in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece.
  • the machine also comprises a corresponding foundation 3 and a gearbox 4.
  • the workpiece entrance 5 of the swaging box is preceded by a feed roller arrangement 6, which comprises a set of feed rollers 7.
  • feed rollers are driven by a hydraulic fluid drive 8, a synchronizing shaft 9, a spur gear train 10, a universal-joint shaft 11 and bevel gearing 12.
  • Two pairs of mutually opposite feed rollers 7 are mounted on rocker arms 13, which by means of bell crank levers 14 provided with meshing teeth are coupled to move in opposite directions.
  • the distance between the rollers 7 is adjustable by a pressure fluid actuator 15. In this arrangement, the feed rollers 7 can be adjusted to any workpiece and the same set of feed rollers can be used for different initial and final dimensions without need for a change of individual rollers.
  • the workpiece exit 16 of the swaging box is succeeded by a sizing arrangement 17, which comprises a plurality of pairs of rollers 18, adjacent pairs of rollers being angularly spaced apart.
  • the sizing rollers 18 are mounted on shafts 19, which are rigidly mounted with rolling-element bearings 20 in a suitable housing 21 so that the sizing rollers 18 can perform the required surface-finishing operation.
  • synchronizing gears 22 also mounted on the shafts l9 and the rollers are jointly driven by a hydraulic fluid drive 24 through the intermediary of a gear train 23 at an infinitely variable speed.
  • a vibrator 25 is provided, which imparts high-frequency vibration to the sizing rollers 18 and thus permits a particularly good surface finish and close tolerance to be achieved.
  • a swaging machine for a continuous swaging of elongated workpieces which comprises a swaging box having a workpiece entrance and a workpiece exit defining opposite ends of a path on which a workpiece can travel through said box,
  • At least two dies which are mounted in said box and operable to blow at the same time on a workpiece longitudinally extending on said path and to oscillate so as to impart to said workpiece an advance along said path
  • said sets of feed rollers being arranged to engage a workpiece longitudinally extending on said path and operable to control the travel of said workpiece along said path independently of said advance imparted to said workpiece by the oscillation of said dies.
  • rocker arms associated with each pair of feed rollers are coupled to move in mutually opposite directions, and a pressure fluid actuator is provided to enable an adjustment of the spacing between the feed rollers of 5 each pair.
  • said sets of feed rollers succeeding said workpiece entrance comprise a plurality of pairs of rigidly mounted sizing rollers
  • a vibrator which is operable to impart high-frequency vibrations to said sizing rollers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
US00350738A 1972-05-03 1973-04-13 Swaging machine for a continuous swaging of elongated workpieces Expired - Lifetime US3850022A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT382272A AT310532B (de) 1972-05-03 1972-05-03 Schmiedemaschine zum Durchlaufschmieden strang- bzw. stangenförmiger Werkstücke

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3850022A true US3850022A (en) 1974-11-26

Family

ID=3555893

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00350738A Expired - Lifetime US3850022A (en) 1972-05-03 1973-04-13 Swaging machine for a continuous swaging of elongated workpieces

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3850022A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5339009B2 (ja)
AT (1) AT310532B (ja)
DD (1) DD103161A5 (ja)
DE (1) DE2318975C3 (ja)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3304309A1 (de) * 1982-02-15 1983-08-25 Innse Innocenti Santeustacchio S.p.A., Brescia Leit- und zentriereinrichtung zum einfuehren von knueppeln
US6761053B2 (en) * 1997-09-16 2004-07-13 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Plate reduction press apparatus and methods
US7137283B2 (en) 1997-10-14 2006-11-21 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Plate reduction press apparatus and methods

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US927514A (en) * 1907-03-09 1909-07-13 Bliss E W Co Machine for making stay-bolts and the like.
US3621702A (en) * 1969-02-25 1971-11-23 Bruno Kralowetz Continuous swaging apparatus

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1961370U (de) * 1964-05-13 1967-06-01 Froehling Walzwerkmaschb J Maschine zum reduzieren von brammen od. dgl.
AT264973B (de) * 1966-05-23 1968-09-25 Ges Fertigungstechnik & Maschb Vorrichtung zum Streckschmieden strangförmigen Gutes
DE1652671A1 (de) * 1967-03-07 1970-01-08 Fertigungstechnik U Maschb Gmb Verfahren und Schaelvorrichtung zum Vorbearbeiten eines aus einer Stranggiessanlage austretenden und durch Walzen,Streckschmieden od.dgl. weiter zu bearbeitenden Gussstranges

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US927514A (en) * 1907-03-09 1909-07-13 Bliss E W Co Machine for making stay-bolts and the like.
US3621702A (en) * 1969-02-25 1971-11-23 Bruno Kralowetz Continuous swaging apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3304309A1 (de) * 1982-02-15 1983-08-25 Innse Innocenti Santeustacchio S.p.A., Brescia Leit- und zentriereinrichtung zum einfuehren von knueppeln
US6761053B2 (en) * 1997-09-16 2004-07-13 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Plate reduction press apparatus and methods
EP1679135A1 (en) * 1997-09-16 2006-07-12 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Plate reduction press apparatus and methods
US7137283B2 (en) 1997-10-14 2006-11-21 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Plate reduction press apparatus and methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5339009B2 (ja) 1978-10-19
DE2318975B2 (de) 1980-12-11
AT310532B (de) 1973-10-10
DE2318975A1 (de) 1973-11-15
JPS4961041A (ja) 1974-06-13
DD103161A5 (ja) 1974-01-12
DE2318975C3 (de) 1982-08-19

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