US3835858A - Surgical air drill - Google Patents

Surgical air drill Download PDF

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Publication number
US3835858A
US3835858A US00286465A US28646572A US3835858A US 3835858 A US3835858 A US 3835858A US 00286465 A US00286465 A US 00286465A US 28646572 A US28646572 A US 28646572A US 3835858 A US3835858 A US 3835858A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
shaft
hand piece
sleeve
air motor
forward end
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00286465A
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English (en)
Inventor
C Hagen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Edward Weck & Co Inc us
Weck & Co Inc Edward
Original Assignee
Weck & Co Inc Edward
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weck & Co Inc Edward filed Critical Weck & Co Inc Edward
Priority to US00286465A priority Critical patent/US3835858A/en
Priority to CA179,760A priority patent/CA993740A/en
Priority to DE19737332292U priority patent/DE7332292U/de
Priority to JP48100135A priority patent/JPS4968378A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3835858A publication Critical patent/US3835858A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1613—Component parts
    • A61B17/1633—Sleeves, i.e. non-rotating parts surrounding the bit shaft, e.g. the sleeve forming a single unit with the bit shaft
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C1/00—Dental machines for boring or cutting ; General features of dental machines or apparatus, e.g. hand-piece design
    • A61C1/08—Machine parts specially adapted for dentistry
    • A61C1/18—Flexible shafts; Clutches or the like; Bearings or lubricating arrangements; Drives or transmissions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/73—Tool or tool-support with torque-applying spline

Definitions

  • Surgical drills normally use a larger and more powerful motor together with a larger cutting tool or burr than is normal with dental drills. Furthermore, due to the locations which must be reached by the operating cutter head of the surgical drill it is often necessary that the cutting head be spaced a significant distance from the handle which normally contains the air motor.
  • Burrs of many different shapes and sizes are likely to be needed, even during a single operation and it is thus necessary to provide for ready interchangeability of the cutting tools. It is also necessary tomaintain the burr and its shaft absolutely axially true so that the cutting head remains centered without any tendency to deviate during operation in order to provide the precision required for delicate surgical procedures.
  • This invention generally concerns an improved surgical instrument powered by an air motor and having an interchangeable hand piece and cutting head assembly.
  • a splined shaft which is coupled to and rotates with the air motor, has an interior splined sleeve secured to its forward end.
  • the hand piece also includes a splined shaft configured to mate with the interior splines of the sleeve. The end of the sleeve and the splined end of the hand piece shaft are configured so as to mate the respective splined elements easily andpositively, even while the motor is rotating.
  • the cutting tool which comprises a burr and a shank is secured to the hand piece shaft in a semi-permanent manner such as by brazing and at least two sets of bearings are provided in the assembly to insure that the burr remains truly centered at all times. While the hand piece may have different lengths, the shank of the burr is short to avoid the possibility of lateral deformation.
  • An advantage of this device is that even though the burr is operating at full speed, the outboard assembly may be removed and another one inserted in its place within a very few seconds without the need of stopping the air motor. This enables the surgeon to maintain a preferred speed setting for the air motor and at the same time change to different burrs as necessary.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fully assembled surgical instrument constructed in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged broken away exploded perspective of the coupling used in the instrument of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the hand piece and the forward end of the housing constructed in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. 1 a surgical instrument 1] having a main housing 12 enclosing a conventional air motor (not shown) powered by air supplied through tube 13.
  • Hand piece 14 with its integrally constructed burr 16 is shown attached to the forward end of the main housing 12.
  • the air supplied through tube 13 causes the motor within housing 12 to rotate, the speed normally being variably controllable.
  • a shaft within hand piece assembly 14 is coupled between the motor and shank 15 for rotation of burr 16 as necessary for use by the operator.
  • FIG. 2 The operative coupling between the air motor and the hand piece is shown in detail in FIG. 2.
  • shaft 17 which is directly coupled to the air motor.
  • the forward end of shaft 17 is formed with splines 21.
  • Sleeve 22 having an interior splined surface 23 configured to mate with splines 21 is secured to the end of shaft 17 by conventional means such as pin or screw 24.
  • This sleeve rotates with shaft 17 and is firmly fixed thereto.
  • the forward end of sleeve 22 is formed with surfaces or lands 25 separated by arcuate cutouts 26. The purpose of this configuration will become apparent from the detailed description hereinbelow of the hand piece shaft.
  • the rearward end of shaft 27 in hand piece 14 is also formed with a splined outer surface 31, similar to that of shaft 17. These splines are configured to mate with the splined configuration of sleeve 22.
  • the rearward end of shaft 27 is formed with radially arranged wedgeshaped ridges 32 separated by radial grooves 33. If sleeve 22 and shaft 27 are aligned properly when they are brought together, the outwardly projecting splines 34 on shaft 27 will mate with the outwardly projecting grooves 35 in the inner surface of sleeve 22. However, it is not possible to always have the shafts in such perfect coupling alignment and it is manifestly impossible if shaft 17 is rotating.
  • Housing 41 is formed with internal threads 42 at its rearward end for coupling with correspondingly threaded connector 43.
  • Sleeve 44 is secured within the forward end of housing 41 and in turn retains forward cone 45. These elements may be secured together by any appropriate means.
  • Anti-friction bearing 46 is mounted within the forward end of sleeve 44 adjacent cone 45.
  • a rearward facing shoulder 47 provides a seat for the forward end of the beaing while an internal taper 51 is provided within sleeve 44 to maintain the bearing at its proper location. It should be noted that the bearing could be maintained in its position by means of retaining rings at either end thereof if desired rather than using the particular structure shown.
  • Shaft 27 having rearward splined end 31 and forward end 52 of reduced diameter, is rotatably mounted within hand piece 14.
  • the forward end of the shaft terminates adjacent the forward end of the hand piece and has a bore 53 for receiving shank of the cutting tool.
  • This particular configuration permits shank 15 to be relatively short compared with the total length of the hand piece and cutting tool and therefore less likely to become axially misaligned than would a cutting tool having a longer shaft.
  • the tool shank is secured within end 52 of the hand piece shaft by any suitable means such as brazing or sweating and is centered and trued when so assembled.
  • the rearward end of shaft 27 is centered by means of anti-friction bearing 54 which is retained in place on the shaft by retaining rings 55 and 56.
  • the shaft and bearing are prevented from moving rearwardly beyond their normal position as shown by means of shoulder 57 in connector 43.
  • Rearward facing shoulder 61 within housing 41 and located forward of threads 42 provides a seat for spring retaining ring 62.
  • Compression spring 63 is provided between ring 62 and bearing 54 and thereby biases shaft 27 rearwardly.
  • the forward end of air motor housing 12 is provided with tapered entry 64 and the rearward end of connector 43 is formed with bevel 65 to facilitate entry of the connector into the main housing.
  • locking ring 66 engages bevel 67 within the main housing and removably retains the hand piece in place.
  • the inner diameter of the forward end of housing 12 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of connector 43 to permit free entry and rotation of the connector.
  • Bevel 68 is provided on connector 43 to seat on tapered entry 64.
  • splined end 31 of the hand piece shaft enters sleeve 22 so that the main shaft 17 and the hand piece shaft 27 are caused to rotate together.
  • Spring 63 is provided to facilitate engagement of the two shafts when the motor is rotating. It will be appreciated that with sleeve 22 rotating very rapidly and shaft 27 not rotating, a perfect match is not likely immediately upon insertion of the hand piece into the main housing. In this manner, when ridges 32 of the rearward end of shaft 27 make initial engagement with the rotating sleeve, it is likely that the hand piece shaft will lag slightly the rearward motion of the hand piece housing, thereby compressing spring 63. However, under the continuous biasing effect of the spring, shaft 27 is urged rearwardly and will very quickly mate properly with sleeve 22. It is of course possible to secure the sleeve to the hand piece shaft and reverse the coupling configuration if desired.
  • this instrument provides a much more convenient means for exchanging cutting burrs during surgery. Because the burrs have short shafts and are mounted to the hand piece as an integral part thereof they remain centered indefinitely. This structure eliminates the need for a flexible chuck which could permit the burr to stray from its true axis of rotation. Furthermore, the ability to remove a hand piece and insert another within seconds while the motor is operating at the desired speed is a significant advantage during surgery. The high speed connection is further facilitated by the fact that the air motor has a very low rotational inertia thereby permitting its speed to momentarily change upon contacting the hand piece shaft and facilitating the desired coupling. It is also'possible to replace a worn burr in a hand piece. Since this would be a factory type service, centering would be accomplished anew at that time, so that the user always has a trued integral hand piece and burr.
  • a rotary surgical instrument comprising:
  • a main housing having an air motor mounted therewithin;
  • a hand piece removably coupled to said main housing, said hand piece comprising; a housing; a shaft rotatably mounted within said hand piece housing; and a cutting tool having a shaft secured to the forward end of said hand piece shaft for rotation therewith; and means for removably coupling said hand piece shaft to said air motor shaft for rotation together of said shafts; said coupling means comprising a sleeve secured to the forward end of said air motor shaft for receiving the rearward end of said hand piece shaft, the forward end of said air motor shaft and the rearsplines.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
US00286465A 1972-09-05 1972-09-05 Surgical air drill Expired - Lifetime US3835858A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00286465A US3835858A (en) 1972-09-05 1972-09-05 Surgical air drill
CA179,760A CA993740A (en) 1972-09-05 1973-08-28 Surgical air drill
DE19737332292U DE7332292U (de) 1972-09-05 1973-09-05 Chirurgisches instrument
JP48100135A JPS4968378A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-05 1973-09-05

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00286465A US3835858A (en) 1972-09-05 1972-09-05 Surgical air drill

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3835858A true US3835858A (en) 1974-09-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00286465A Expired - Lifetime US3835858A (en) 1972-09-05 1972-09-05 Surgical air drill

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3835858A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4968378A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA993740A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE7332292U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (73)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3898911A (en) * 1974-08-26 1975-08-12 Fadel Engineering Co Remotely operated draw bar tool changer
US3976077A (en) * 1975-02-03 1976-08-24 Kerfoot Jr Franklin W Eye surgery device
US4055185A (en) * 1976-03-02 1977-10-25 American Sterilizer Company Rotary drill for surgeons
FR2444456A1 (fr) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-18 Kaltenbach & Voigt Piece a main de denstisterie
FR2542189A1 (fr) * 1983-03-08 1984-09-14 Micro Mega Sa Dispositif pour l'accrochage rotatif et le decrochage rapides d'une piece de dentisterie
FR2543818A1 (fr) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-12 Kaltenbach & Voigt Embrayage pour porte-outils medicaux et en particulier de chirurgie dentaire
US4549538A (en) * 1982-11-12 1985-10-29 Zimmer, Inc. Pin inserter sheath
US4705038A (en) * 1985-01-23 1987-11-10 Dyonics, Inc. Surgical system for powered instruments
US4756309A (en) * 1985-02-14 1988-07-12 Sachse Hans Ernst Endoscope for removal of tissue
US4764064A (en) * 1987-09-25 1988-08-16 Komo Machine Incorporated Tool changer
US4782833A (en) * 1987-02-19 1988-11-08 Thomas A. Einhorn Bone boring instrument
USD303148S (en) 1987-02-18 1989-08-29 Concept, Inc. Handpiece for surgical drive unit for use in arthroscopic surgery
US4950278A (en) * 1986-08-06 1990-08-21 Sachse Hans E Endoscope for removal of tissue
WO1991015160A1 (en) * 1990-03-30 1991-10-17 Mti Precision Products, Inc. Disposable right angle dental handpiece
USRE34556E (en) * 1985-01-23 1994-03-01 Smith & Nephew Dyonics Inc. Surgical system for powered instruments
US5352234A (en) * 1992-10-08 1994-10-04 Midas Rex Pneumatic Tools, Inc. Surgical instrument with angular swivel
EP0623429A1 (fr) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-09 Etablissements Charles Maire Outil pneumatique
WO1995015724A1 (en) * 1993-12-08 1995-06-15 Sofamor Danek Properties, Inc. Portable power cutting tool
US5492527A (en) * 1994-09-09 1996-02-20 Linvatec Corporation Arthroscopic shaver with rotatable collet and slide aspiration control valve
US5549634A (en) * 1992-10-08 1996-08-27 Midas Rex Pneumatic Tools, Inc. Surgical instrument with swivel member
EP0744160A1 (en) * 1995-05-25 1996-11-27 Nakanishi Inc. Surgical handpiece
WO1997024991A1 (en) * 1996-01-04 1997-07-17 Orsco International A driver
US5749885A (en) * 1995-10-02 1998-05-12 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Surgical instrument with embedded coding element
WO1998005261A3 (en) * 1996-08-02 1998-05-14 James G Walen Multi-purpose surgical tool system
US6423070B1 (en) * 1999-11-13 2002-07-23 Dieter Von Zeppelin High speed motor for the surgical treatment of bones
US6451017B1 (en) 2000-01-10 2002-09-17 Hydrocision, Inc. Surgical instruments with integrated electrocautery
US6511493B1 (en) 2000-01-10 2003-01-28 Hydrocision, Inc. Liquid jet-powered surgical instruments
US20030023256A1 (en) * 2001-03-21 2003-01-30 Medtronic, Inc. D/B/A Medtronic Midas Rex Surgical instrument with rotary cutting member and quick release coupling arrangement
US20030055404A1 (en) * 2001-09-17 2003-03-20 Moutafis Timothy E. Endoscopic rotary abraders
US20030083681A1 (en) * 2001-09-17 2003-05-01 Moutafis Timothy E. Surgical rotary abrader
US20030088259A1 (en) * 2001-08-08 2003-05-08 Staid Kevin P Medical device with high pressure quick disconnect handpiece
US20030228552A1 (en) * 2002-06-06 2003-12-11 Dipietro John J. Equine dental tool
US20040122460A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-06-24 Medtronic, Inc. Surgical instrument with telescoping attachment
US6783533B2 (en) 2001-11-21 2004-08-31 Sythes Ag Chur Attachable/detachable reaming head for surgical reamer
US20060178672A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-08-10 Medtronic, Inc. D/B/A Medtronic Midas Rex Surgical instrument with angled attachment
US20060248624A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2006-11-09 Pieczynski Darren E Heat containment hand warming device
US20070100334A1 (en) * 2005-10-27 2007-05-03 Mcfarlin Kevin Instrument and system for surgical cutting and evoked potential monitoring
US20070149881A1 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-28 Rabin Barry H Ultrasonically Powered Medical Devices and Systems, and Methods and Uses Thereof
US20090162811A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Benjamin Chronister Dental prophylaxis angle and handpiece assembly
US20100023066A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2010-01-28 Depuy Products, Inc. Method for Removal of Bone
US20100292722A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-18 Kaj Klaue Device for forming a bore to facilitate insertion of an arcuate nail into a bone
US7935118B2 (en) * 2002-06-21 2011-05-03 Depuy Products, Inc. Prosthesis removal cutting guide, cutting tool and method
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US8262683B2 (en) * 2005-10-27 2012-09-11 Medtronic Xomed, Inc. Micro-resecting and evoked potential monitoring system and method
USD674487S1 (en) 2011-09-30 2013-01-15 Dentsply International Inc. Dental device connection adapter
US20130052611A1 (en) * 2010-05-12 2013-02-28 Edgar Schoenbaechler Coupling device between a motor and a handpiece for dental or surgical use
US8496416B1 (en) * 2009-05-21 2013-07-30 The Boeing Company Method and apparatus for drilling operations
USD687552S1 (en) 2011-09-30 2013-08-06 Dentsply International Inc. Dental device connection adapter
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US20140115800A1 (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-01 Zila, Inc. Electric toothbrush with drive mechanism
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US10314610B2 (en) 2015-03-25 2019-06-11 Medtronic Ps Medical, Inc. Slanted drive axis rotary surgical cutting tools and powered handpieces
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US4445509A (en) * 1982-02-04 1984-05-01 Auth David C Method and apparatus for removal of enclosed abnormal deposits
JPS6311009U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-07-04 1988-01-25
DE19855968C1 (de) 1998-12-04 2000-10-05 Storz Karl Gmbh & Co Kg Medizinisches Rohrschaftinstrument
EP2322104B1 (en) * 2000-02-18 2017-10-25 Stryker Corporation Surgical handpiece with a push rod that both transfers rotational movement to an output drive shaft and that actuates a cutting accessory locking assembly

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Cited By (129)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3898911A (en) * 1974-08-26 1975-08-12 Fadel Engineering Co Remotely operated draw bar tool changer
US3976077A (en) * 1975-02-03 1976-08-24 Kerfoot Jr Franklin W Eye surgery device
US4055185A (en) * 1976-03-02 1977-10-25 American Sterilizer Company Rotary drill for surgeons
FR2444456A1 (fr) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-18 Kaltenbach & Voigt Piece a main de denstisterie
US4260381A (en) * 1978-12-21 1981-04-07 Kaltenbach & Voight Gmbh & Co. Dental handpiece
US4549538A (en) * 1982-11-12 1985-10-29 Zimmer, Inc. Pin inserter sheath
FR2542189A1 (fr) * 1983-03-08 1984-09-14 Micro Mega Sa Dispositif pour l'accrochage rotatif et le decrochage rapides d'une piece de dentisterie
FR2543818A1 (fr) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-12 Kaltenbach & Voigt Embrayage pour porte-outils medicaux et en particulier de chirurgie dentaire
US4705038A (en) * 1985-01-23 1987-11-10 Dyonics, Inc. Surgical system for powered instruments
USRE34556E (en) * 1985-01-23 1994-03-01 Smith & Nephew Dyonics Inc. Surgical system for powered instruments
EP0189807A3 (en) * 1985-01-23 1988-09-14 Dyonics, Inc. Surgical system for powered instruments
US4756309A (en) * 1985-02-14 1988-07-12 Sachse Hans Ernst Endoscope for removal of tissue
US4950278A (en) * 1986-08-06 1990-08-21 Sachse Hans E Endoscope for removal of tissue
USD303148S (en) 1987-02-18 1989-08-29 Concept, Inc. Handpiece for surgical drive unit for use in arthroscopic surgery
US4782833A (en) * 1987-02-19 1988-11-08 Thomas A. Einhorn Bone boring instrument
US4764064A (en) * 1987-09-25 1988-08-16 Komo Machine Incorporated Tool changer
US5219285A (en) * 1990-03-30 1993-06-15 Mti Precision Products, Inc. Disposable right angle dental handpiece
WO1991015160A1 (en) * 1990-03-30 1991-10-17 Mti Precision Products, Inc. Disposable right angle dental handpiece
US5352234A (en) * 1992-10-08 1994-10-04 Midas Rex Pneumatic Tools, Inc. Surgical instrument with angular swivel
US5549634A (en) * 1992-10-08 1996-08-27 Midas Rex Pneumatic Tools, Inc. Surgical instrument with swivel member
EP0623429A1 (fr) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-09 Etablissements Charles Maire Outil pneumatique
FR2704793A1 (fr) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-10 Maire Charles Ets Outil pneumatique.
US5482413A (en) * 1993-05-06 1996-01-09 Etablissements Charles Maire Pneumatic tool
US5490860A (en) * 1993-12-08 1996-02-13 Sofamor Danek Properties, Inc. Portable power cutting tool
WO1995015724A1 (en) * 1993-12-08 1995-06-15 Sofamor Danek Properties, Inc. Portable power cutting tool
US5492527A (en) * 1994-09-09 1996-02-20 Linvatec Corporation Arthroscopic shaver with rotatable collet and slide aspiration control valve
US5592727A (en) * 1994-09-09 1997-01-14 Linvatec Corporation Method of making arthroscopic shaver with rotatable collet and slide aspiration control valve
EP0744160A1 (en) * 1995-05-25 1996-11-27 Nakanishi Inc. Surgical handpiece
US5628763A (en) * 1995-05-25 1997-05-13 Nakanishi, Inc. Surgical handpiece
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DE7332292U (de) 1973-11-29
CA993740A (en) 1976-07-27

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