US3829934A - Method and apparatus for homogenizing, teasing out and cleaning mixed fibrous materials - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for homogenizing, teasing out and cleaning mixed fibrous materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3829934A
US3829934A US00242930A US24293072A US3829934A US 3829934 A US3829934 A US 3829934A US 00242930 A US00242930 A US 00242930A US 24293072 A US24293072 A US 24293072A US 3829934 A US3829934 A US 3829934A
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teasing
air
drums
chest
flocks
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US00242930A
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H Neu
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NEU SA
SA des Ets Neu fr
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NEU SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
    • D01G9/08—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton by means of air draught arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [30] Foreign Application Priority Data Apr 14 France 71 14041 A m hmlq om semzm 9 1. 1% qqtands ean ns M 1 972 72'08829 mixtures of fibre materials is carried out by using a device comprising means for introducing one or a plurality of flows of fibre materials in the downward direc- [52] U.S. Cl. 19/202 tion against an air cushion for intimately homogeniz 3 8 ing the fibre flocks in suspension before introducing them by combined pneumatic and mechanical means into the operative area of a pair of toothed drums partially surrounded by a cleaning grid opening into vacuumized waste boxes.
  • the present invention relates to methods and means for homogenizing teasing out and cleaning mixtures of fibrous materials, such as cotton and like fibres in the form of uncompressed or loose flocks or tufts, as delivered by one or a plurality of preparatory fibre-openers, and constitutes an improvement in machines of this character, more particularly on account of a greater efficiency of its cleaning action.
  • Hitherto known teasing-cleaning machines comprise in general drums provided with pins or saw-tooth linings on their outer surface which is partially enclosed in a grid consisting of bars.
  • the textile material to be treated is fed to the operative areas of these drums in the form of a compact web weighing about 1 to 1 V2 kilogram per square meter (14 to 22 psi) by a feed system comprising either a pair of superposed fluted or splined cylinders or a single cylinder co-acting with bucket levers.
  • the teasing action is exerted by the drums on unstressed flocks and tufts, thus facilitating the separation of wastes from useful fibres, inasmuch as the impurities already isolated from the material but not removed by the preparatory openers are no more re-wrapped in a compressed web.
  • the opening and cleaning action is exerted on a reduced volume of material, it is possible to operate the toothed drums according to this invention at peripheral velocities two or three times higher than those of hitherto known machines of this character, thus improving considerably the cleaning efficiency without impairing the fibre characteristics.
  • the present invention comprises a receiving and homogenizing. chest provided at its upper portion with a preferably multiple number of distributors for either discharging into said chest the flocks delivered from a plurality of preparatory openers, or subdividing the material received from a single opener into a secondary stream, as a function of the number of distributors in operation, in order to improve the homogeneity of the fibre mixture.
  • the lower portion of the receiving and homogenizing chest is divided by a longitudinal suction inlet into two compartments constituting guide means opening in front of the supply means provided for introducing the textile material into the operative area of a pair of teasing drums disposed parallel to, and on either side of, said suction inlet.
  • the aforesaid supply means comprise a pair of cylinders having their outer surface covered with pins and revolving in the same direction as, but at a peripheral speed lower than the peripheral speed of, the drum with which they are operatively associated, so as to tease out the fibres and subsequently separate the impurities from the fibrous material proper.
  • an air cushion is created in the lower portion of the receiving chest for retaining in suspension the mixture of fibre flocks discharged by the distributors in order to improve its homogeneity and facilitate its uniform distribution'throughout the working area of the pair of teasing drums.
  • Said air cushion is obtained by producing a upward air stream resulting from the air draught obtaining in said suction inlet connected for this purpose to a pneumatic transfer fan with the assistance of a set of ducts consisting of the various sequential elements of this invention.
  • the upward air stream necessary for producing said air cushion may be produced not by the single air suction mentioned hereinabove but by providing to this end a suction combined with a blowing effect, or even a blowing effect alone but directed upwards in said chest.
  • the duct to which the various distributors discharging the fibrous material into the receiving chest are connected in succession, instead of terminating at the last distributor of the series is extended towards the inlet dividing the lower portion of said chest into two compartments.
  • the cylindrical surface of the teasing drums comprises a great number of perforations, as already known per se.
  • Each drum further comprises internal fan blades capable of producing a radial blowing action or ventilation through said perforations in order to avoid the suction of the air output necessary for discharging the textile material through the bars of the cleaning grid partially surrounding the teasing drums.
  • the air output necessary for this purpose and provided by the drum rotation alone is directed through the unwrapped perforated surface of the drums which register with the outlet port of the pneumatic transport system.
  • the cleaning grid associated with each drum leads into a waste box connected to an auxiliary suction system in order to modify its vacuum or negative pressure as a function of the waste concents in the treated mixtures.
  • FIG. I is a diagrammatic plane view showing the connection of a plurality of preparatory openers to the teasing device according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the connection between a single preparatory opener and the teasing device and its ancillary means;
  • FIG. 3 is a plane view showing the supply means of the distributors of FIG. 2, with the dust-removing circult;
  • FIG. 4 is a detailed sectional view showing the teasing device
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of the means for driving the various component elements of the teasing device
  • FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the teasing cylinder with its supply system
  • FIG. 7 is a plane view of the feed cylinders
  • FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic plane view showing the connection between the pneumatic transport duct and the distributors, according to a specific form of embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a cross section taken along the line lX-IX of FIG. 8, showing the extension of the pneumatic transport duct and the connection thereof with the inlet disposed in the lower portion of the receiving chest, and
  • FIG. 10 is a front view of the arrangement shown in FIG. 9, the front wall being removed from the device, to show the interior.
  • the mixture of fibre flocks is delivered in this example from four preparatory openers 1, l, l" and 1" each equipped with a separate motor 2, 2', 2", 2' blowing an air stream loaded with flocks into ducts 3, 3, 3" and 3" so disposed as to deliver this stream to four distributors 4, 4', 4" and 4", respectively, arranged in the upper portion of the receiving and homogenizing chest 5;
  • this arrangement is advantageous in that it is capable of mixing four components, especially in the case of fibres having different colours.
  • a suction circuit connected to the distributors in a manner to be explained more in detail presently comprises a fan and motor unit 6 blowing air through a set of socket filters 7 and is adapted to collect the duct released from the textile material as it separates from the air conveying it.
  • the cleaned and homogenized fibres are discharged towards possible subsequent treatment means by a pneumatic transport system comprising a fan and motor unit 8 connected to 'this end to a duct 9.
  • FIG. 2 The connection of a single preparatory opener with the teasing and cleaning device is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • a loader 10 pours the fibrous material into a preparatory opener 11 adapted through built-in pneumatic means to force the fibre flocks into a duct 12 having its end connected to said distributors 4, 4, 4 and 4 disposed by pairs in face-to-face relationship, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • a duct 12 having its end connected to said distributors 4, 4, 4 and 4 disposed by pairs in face-to-face relationship, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the flow of material travelling in duct 12 is subdivided into four secondary streams adapted to be subsequently re-assembled in a common vessel consisting of the aforesaid chest 5 (FIGS. 2, 3 and 4). With this method the homogeneity of the mixture is improved considerably.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates in detail all the essential component elements of a typical form of embodiment of this invention.
  • the upper portion of chest 5 comprises a set of distributors such as 4 and 4 each comprising in turn a wheel 13 and 13 provided with flexible sealing blades 14 revolving in a housing made partly perforated sheet metal elements, the upper portion of this housing communicating with duct 12 and its lower portion with chest 5.
  • the fibre flocks delivered by the aforesaid pneumatic duct common to the set of distributors are extracted therefrom separately by each wheel, and the air having thus conveyed the material is discharged through the perforated sheets such as 15 and 15.
  • the distributors are disposed in face-to-face relationship so that their wheels revolve in opposite directions, as shown by the arrows, and the fibre flocks are thus thrown towards the center of the receiving chest.
  • These wheels are driven from a motor 16, 16 and a transmission comprising pulleys l7 and 18, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the perforated-sheet walls of the housings of the distributor assembly is connected via ducts l9 and 19 to the dust-removing apparatus already described and illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Shutters 46 and 46' are provided for properly balancing the suction in said ducts.
  • the lower portion of the receiving chest 5 is divided in the longitudinal direction by the suction inlet 20 into two compartments forming guiding passages 21 and 22 converging towards feed cylinders 23 and 24 co-acting with drum 25, and other cylinders 26, 27 co-acting with drum 28.
  • the fibrous material discharged by the distributors before being introduced into the operative area of said drums is retained by an air cushion created in the lower portion of receiving chest 5 by an upward air draught the direction of which is shown by the arrows. This air draught is obtained by connecting said suction inlet from apertures formed at either end thereof to the fan 8 (FIGS.
  • the reference numeral 61 designates the pneumatic transport duct; reference numerals 62, 63, 64 and 65 denote the distributors and 66 designates the receiving chest.
  • the fibres supplied from a feed machine of which the operative connection with duct 61 is not shown are discharged into said chest 66 and the air used for conveying them together with the material not separated by the distributors is forced via a connecting duct 67 into outlet 68; this produces on the one hand an upward air stream forming an air cushion in the lower portion of chest 66 for keeping in suspension the fibre flocks discharged by the distributors, and on the other hand an upward projection of flocks not separated from the air and forced through the outlet 68 against the flocks discharged by said distributors, so that these flocks are caused to collide against one another and their homogenization is improved considerably.
  • a damper 69 disposed downstream of the last distributor of the pneumatic circuit permits of adjusting at will and according to requirements the amount of material forced through the aperture 68.
  • the air blown into the receiving chest 66 is discharged by a fan (not shown in the drawing) adapted to draw out the treated flocks via ducts consisting of guide means 70 and 71, the free space between cylinders 72, 73 and the free space between cylinders 74 and 75, while the fibrous material in suspension is carried along and directed towards the operative areas of teasing drums 78 and 79, as shown by the arrows.
  • a fan not shown in the drawing
  • each supply system comprises a pair of toothed drums such as 23, 24 of which the surfaces move in the same direction, as shown by the arrows, but at a peripheral velocity lower than that of drum 25 in order to tease out the fibrous material retained during this operation mainly by the cylinder 23 disposed upstream of the cleaning grid consisting of triangular-sectioned bars such as 33.
  • the afore-said cylinder is advantageously provided to this end with a set of saw-teeth 34 inclined in a direction opposite to that of the pins 35 pins 35 are mounted on of drum 25 and also to its direction of rotation.
  • separate rings 36 (FIG. 7) disposed in parallel relationship and at relative intervals corresponding substantially to the efficient height of the type of teeth selected as a function of the characteristics of the fibre mixtures to be treated.
  • the other cylinder 24 (FIG. 7) consists of a continuous helical row of teeth having their points 37 inclined in the same direction as those of the drum 25 but in opposition with respect to the direction of rotation of this drum, so as to preserve its clean condition.
  • the two feed systems are controlled and driven from an electric motor 37 connected via couplings 38, 38' to the pair of reduction gearings 39 and 39', preferably of the adjustable type.
  • the grooved pulleys 40 and 40' keyed to the output shafts of these reduction gearings respectively drive through V-belts 41, 41' other pulleys 42, 42' keyed directly to the shafts of the feed cylinders 24 and 26, respectively, other pulleys 43, 43 being keyed to separate shafts (not shown in the FIGURES) carrying in addition pinions 44 and 44' meshing with pinions 45 and 45 respectively, carried by the shafts of cylinders 23 and 27.
  • the surfaces of each feed assembly travel at the same speed.
  • the outer periphery of drums 25 and 28 comprise perforations such as 47 (FIGS. 4 and 6).
  • the inner portion of each drum comprise fan blades 48 (FIG. 4).
  • a shutter system comprising a fixed member 50 (FIG. 6) formed with openings protected by wire mesh, and a movable member 51 comprising the same openings.
  • the rotation of this movable member 51 permits of closing more or less the apertures formed in said fixed member 50 as a function of the desired air output.
  • the drums 25 and 28 are driven from motors 56 and 56' via transmissions comprising grooved pulleys 57, 57' and 58, 58' and V-belts 59 and 59.
  • the cleaning grid associated with each drum opens into the waste boxes 52, 52' provided with discharge doors 53 and 53.
  • These waste boxes are equipped with suction means comprising branch pipes 54 and 54 leading to the above-described dust-removing system, so that a negative pressure or relative vacuum can be obtained therein, with values adjustable by means of dampers such as 55 and 55' (FIG. 4) as a function of the desired degree of cleanliness of the fibre mixture to be treated.
  • a method of homogenizing, teasing out and clean ing mixtures of textile fibers such as cotton or similar fibers which are delivered in the form of fiber flocks from at least one preparatory opener comprising the steps of: introducing said fiber flocks in the form of at least one flow into a receiving chest; maintaining said fiber flocks in suspension on an air cushion in said receiving chest so as to be homogenized by pneumatic stirring action; carrying said fiber flocks after homogenization and in the unstressed condition by an air current produced on either side of said air cushion into the operative area of a pair of feed cylinders coacting with a pair of drums for teasing out and cleaning said flocks; and ejecting the treated material into a common pneumatic discharge outlet.
  • a device for homogenizing, teasing out and cleaning mixtures of textile fibers such as cotton or similar fibers which are delivered in the form of fiber flocks from at least one preparatory opener comprising: a receiving chest; at least one textile fiber flock distributor located in the upper portion of said receiving chest; a longitudinal air inlet having an open upper portion facing said at least one distributor, said air inlet dividing the lower portion of said chest into two compartments and extending across the width of said chest, said air inlet being open at one end; first and second pairs of feed cylinders disposed parallel to each other on both sides of said longitudinal air inlet, the sides of said chest and said air inlet forming two guide systems each converging toward one of said pairs of feed cylinders; a pair of teasing drums having saw-teeth adapted to revolve in opposite directions each co-acting with a respective pair of said feed cylinders; a pneumatic discharge outlet downstream of said teasing drums; a discharge fan connected to said discharge outlet; a cleaning grid consisting of bars
  • said at least one distributor comprises a plurality of distributors, said distributors being disposed in face-to-face relationship in the upper portion of said receiving chest so as to form two rows and positioned to introduce said fiber flocks into the central area of said chest.
  • each distributor comprises a rotating wheel having sealing blades of flexible material, and further comprising a casing
  • Device according to claim 2, and further comprising semi-spherical dampers for adjusting the crosssectional passage area of said open upper portion of said longitudinal air inlet to regulate the extent of said air cushion and said carrying of said fiber flocks after homogenization into the operative area of said feed cylinders and teasing drums.
  • each pair of said feed cylinders disposed upstream of said cleaning grid has pins and travels in the same direction and at a peripheral velocity lower than that of the teasing drum associated therewith for teasing out the flocks and separating the impurities from the useful fibers.
  • Device Device according to claim 2, and further comprising means for separately adjusting the peripheral velocity of each feed cylinder.
  • Device 15
  • Device 15
  • Device 16 Device according to claim 2, and further comprising auxiliary means for blowing air through said longitudinal air inlet and upward into said receiving chest to combine with the suction action in forming said air cushion as well as pneumatically conveying said fiber flocks in suspension to said discharge outlet.
  • said at least one distributor comprises distributors connected in sequential order to a pneumatic transport circuit means; and further comprising a duct disposed downstream of the last distributor in said transport circuit means and connected to said longitudinal air inlet to aid in creatair inlet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
US00242930A 1971-04-14 1972-04-11 Method and apparatus for homogenizing, teasing out and cleaning mixed fibrous materials Expired - Lifetime US3829934A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7114041A FR2133365A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-14 1971-04-14
FR7208829A FR2175575B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-14 1972-03-14

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US3829934A true US3829934A (en) 1974-08-20

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US (1) US3829934A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5438664B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE781822A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH540998A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2217394B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES412369A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (2) FR2133365A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1382093A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT951392B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4126913A (en) * 1976-05-14 1978-11-28 Crompton & Knowles Corporation Opening machinery for textile fibers
US5343597A (en) * 1989-09-27 1994-09-06 Hergeth Hollingsworth Gmbh Method and device for opening and cleaning fiber material
US6029317A (en) * 1997-04-22 2000-02-29 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Spinning preparation device
RU2181800C1 (ru) * 2001-05-22 2002-04-27 Ивановская государственная текстильная академия Устройство для очистки волокнистых смесей
US6615455B1 (en) * 2002-09-16 2003-09-09 Akiva Pinto Fiber opening apparatus
US7032273B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2006-04-25 Akiva Pinto Fiber mixing and opening machine
US20070163087A1 (en) * 2006-01-16 2007-07-19 Akiva Pinto Fiber web forming apparatus
WO2009010995A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Marzoli S.P.A. Device for the preparation of flock fibres to be supplied to a carder
RU2353719C2 (ru) * 2007-05-21 2009-04-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ивановская государственная текстильная академия" Устройство для аэромеханического смешивания и рыхления клочков текстильных волокон
CN104372454A (zh) * 2014-11-10 2015-02-25 浙江天新羊绒制品有限公司 一种和毛气压传输装置
CN105755587A (zh) * 2016-05-17 2016-07-13 苏州市晨彩纺织研发有限公司 一种纺织用分层开棉装置
CN109295553A (zh) * 2018-11-27 2019-02-01 南通天福机械有限公司 双级撕棉机

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3113865C2 (de) * 1981-04-06 1986-10-02 GeFa GmbH Maschinen- und Blechwarenfabrik, 5244 Daaden Fasermischer
DE3429024C2 (de) * 1984-08-07 1986-08-21 Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von Staub aus Fasermaterial
DE3504615C1 (de) * 1985-02-11 1986-06-19 Trützschler GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach OEffnerwalze zum OEffnen von Faserballen,wie Baumwollballen,Chemiefaserballen o.dgl.
DE3733632C2 (de) * 1987-10-05 1998-04-23 Truetzschler Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung bei einer Karde oder Krempel zur Vergleichmäßigung des Faserbandes oder -vlieses
FR2734846B1 (fr) * 1995-05-31 1997-08-22 Teillage Du Neubourg Soc Coop Fibres de lin en bourre et procede de preparation
CN112877814A (zh) * 2020-06-17 2021-06-01 国际竹藤中心 一种竹纤维分选机

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2739708A (en) * 1951-01-02 1956-03-27 Hall Machinery Of Canada Ltd Separatory apparatus for concentrating asbestos fibers
US2911684A (en) * 1955-08-23 1959-11-10 Tmm Research Ltd Machinery for opening, cleaning, and subsequent treatment of textile fibrous material
US2915790A (en) * 1956-04-02 1959-12-08 Union Asbestos & Rubber Co Device and method for exfoliating and blending asbestos fiber
US3175252A (en) * 1962-05-02 1965-03-30 Ota Keiichi Method of producing a homogeneous mixture of different kinds of fibers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2739708A (en) * 1951-01-02 1956-03-27 Hall Machinery Of Canada Ltd Separatory apparatus for concentrating asbestos fibers
US2911684A (en) * 1955-08-23 1959-11-10 Tmm Research Ltd Machinery for opening, cleaning, and subsequent treatment of textile fibrous material
US2915790A (en) * 1956-04-02 1959-12-08 Union Asbestos & Rubber Co Device and method for exfoliating and blending asbestos fiber
US3175252A (en) * 1962-05-02 1965-03-30 Ota Keiichi Method of producing a homogeneous mixture of different kinds of fibers

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4126913A (en) * 1976-05-14 1978-11-28 Crompton & Knowles Corporation Opening machinery for textile fibers
US5343597A (en) * 1989-09-27 1994-09-06 Hergeth Hollingsworth Gmbh Method and device for opening and cleaning fiber material
US6029317A (en) * 1997-04-22 2000-02-29 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Spinning preparation device
RU2181800C1 (ru) * 2001-05-22 2002-04-27 Ивановская государственная текстильная академия Устройство для очистки волокнистых смесей
US6615455B1 (en) * 2002-09-16 2003-09-09 Akiva Pinto Fiber opening apparatus
EP1400615A1 (en) * 2002-09-16 2004-03-24 Akiva Pinto Fiber opening apparatus
US7032273B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2006-04-25 Akiva Pinto Fiber mixing and opening machine
US20070163087A1 (en) * 2006-01-16 2007-07-19 Akiva Pinto Fiber web forming apparatus
US7325277B2 (en) 2006-01-16 2008-02-05 Akiva Pinto Fiber web forming apparatus
RU2353719C2 (ru) * 2007-05-21 2009-04-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ивановская государственная текстильная академия" Устройство для аэромеханического смешивания и рыхления клочков текстильных волокон
WO2009010935A3 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-03-12 Marzoli Spa Device for the preparation of flock fibres to be supplied to a carder
WO2009010995A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Marzoli S.P.A. Device for the preparation of flock fibres to be supplied to a carder
US20100180405A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2010-07-22 Marzoli S.P.A. Device for the Preparation of Flock Fibers to be Supplied to a Carder
EP2319966A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2011-05-11 Marzoli S.P.A. Device for the preparation of flock fibres to be supplied to a carder
CN101952492B (zh) * 2007-07-19 2012-12-05 马佐里股份公司 用于制备供应到梳棉机的绒毛纤维的设备
CN103088467B (zh) * 2007-07-19 2015-05-27 马佐里股份公司 用于制备供应到梳棉机的绒毛纤维的设备
CN104372454A (zh) * 2014-11-10 2015-02-25 浙江天新羊绒制品有限公司 一种和毛气压传输装置
CN105755587A (zh) * 2016-05-17 2016-07-13 苏州市晨彩纺织研发有限公司 一种纺织用分层开棉装置
CN105755587B (zh) * 2016-05-17 2018-04-20 苏州市晨彩纺织研发有限公司 一种纺织用分层开棉装置
CN109295553A (zh) * 2018-11-27 2019-02-01 南通天福机械有限公司 双级撕棉机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES412369A1 (es) 1976-01-01
BE781822A (fr) 1972-07-31
IT951392B (it) 1973-06-30
FR2175575A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-10-26
JPS5438664B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-11-22
CH540998A (fr) 1973-10-15
DE2217394A1 (de) 1972-12-14
FR2175575B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-12-20
GB1382093A (en) 1975-01-29
DE2217394B2 (de) 1977-03-03
FR2133365A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-24

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