US3823059A - Fibrous structures - Google Patents

Fibrous structures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3823059A
US3823059A US27122772A US3823059A US 3823059 A US3823059 A US 3823059A US 27122772 A US27122772 A US 27122772A US 3823059 A US3823059 A US 3823059A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fibres
annular
linear
fibrous
fibrous structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
G Jacquelin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novipro
Original Assignee
Novipro
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novipro filed Critical Novipro
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3823059A publication Critical patent/US3823059A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
    • D21H5/12—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials
    • D21H5/20—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials of organic non-cellulosic fibres too short for spinning, with or without cellulose fibres
    • D21H5/202—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials of organic non-cellulosic fibres too short for spinning, with or without cellulose fibres polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/12—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/14—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene polyethylene
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/268—Monolayer with structurally defined element

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a fibrous structure constituted at least in part by so-called annular fibres in the form of a closed loop and said annular fibres are mixed with socalled linear fibres having free ends.
  • the present invention relates to fibrous structures whose component lfibres are distributed in any manner, on the one hand for multiplying their points of contact and ensuring a cohesion by their intermediary, and on the other hand for conferring a certain isotropy to the properties of this cohesion.
  • the invention relates more especially to the fibrous structures in the form of sheets, in which the fibres extend parallel to a common plane.
  • such sheets are obtained from so-called linear fibres, i.e. fibres whose ends are free.
  • Their methods of manufacture use textile techniques (carding, etc.) or paper-making techniques using water aS vector for distributing the fibres in a sheet.
  • the distribution of the linear fibres is not as regular as would be desired in order to obtain the sought after isotropy.
  • the mechanical resistance of the sheets thus manufactured is therefore limited.
  • the invention has for its object to remedy these disadvantages.
  • the probabiility of mutual catching of Athe fibres is considerably reduced, with the result that the formation of flocks becomes very random.
  • the sheets formed are much more regular and their properties much closer to the theoretical isotropy; in particular, their mechanical resistance is increased. IFurthermore, the cohesion is improved since it no longer results only from the size of the interfibre contact surface, but also from the fact that these fibres have no free end any more.
  • the fibrous structure is constituted at least in part by so-called annular bres, i.e. inthe form of a closed loop.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a fibrous sheet
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of an enlargment of part of the sheet designated by arrow -F of FIG. l, this view illustrating the structure obtained from linear libres,
  • IFIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, showing the structure obtained according to the invention from annular fibres.
  • the known structures are made by treating linear fibres 1, i.e. fibres whose ends are free. These fibres are substantially parallel to the plane of the sheet 2 (FIG. 1) but they are disposed so that their orientaice tions are multiple, their distribution effected at random and being of any conformation: straight, concave, winding, etc.; thanks to this, they are in contact with one another at numerous points, this resultsing in a cohesion.
  • the structure is obtained from annular fibres 3, i.e. fibres having no end. They therefore look like closed loops whose contour may take any shape; circular, oval, ligure of eight, etc. They may be assimilated to linear fibres whose ends would be connected.
  • the bulk volume of the annular fibres 3 is smaller than that of the linear fibres 1.
  • the probability of catching of the annular fibres is considerably reduced with respect to that of the linear libres 1, since the ends of these latter are free.
  • the annular fibre since, at an equal developed length, the annular fibre appears to behave like a linear fibre Whose ends would be connected, with an equal interfibre contact surface, the connection of the annular fibres is more sure than that of the linear fibres.
  • the so-called secondary annular fibres are considered to be connected to the same so-called principal annular fibre, the stresses may be transmitted by the contact zones of any secondary fibre to any other secondary fibre, along the whole of the closed loop constituted by the principal fibre. Under these circumstances, the fibrous sheet obtained has a supplementary cohesion.
  • the annular fibres 3 preferably have a loop diameter of less than 5 cm.
  • the fibrous structure may combine annular fibres with linear fibres.
  • a polypropylene tube having a diameter of 20 mm. and a wall thickness of 50 microns is made by extrusionblowing.
  • the annular fibres are obtained by transverse sectioning of this tube at a pitch of 0.5 mm. These fibres therefore have a rectangular section of 50 microns by 500 microns.
  • a fibrous structure is thus obtained which may be consolidated by heat treatment or addition of a binding agent.
  • the fibrous structure of the invention may be used in all cases where fibres are not to catch in one another during manufacture, as Well as in all cases where the resistance and cohesion are to be improved.
  • a non-woven fibrous structure comprising a multiplicity of annular fibres lying substantially in planes which are generally parallel to a surface of the structure and distributed throughout the structure with portions of a multiplicity of the fibres overlapping and contacting others of the fibres, each of said fibres being re-entrant and in the form of a closed loop without extensions of the fibre outside of the loop.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
US27122772 1971-07-15 1972-07-13 Fibrous structures Expired - Lifetime US3823059A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7125960A FR2145868A5 (it) 1971-07-15 1971-07-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3823059A true US3823059A (en) 1974-07-09

Family

ID=9080420

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US27122772 Expired - Lifetime US3823059A (en) 1971-07-15 1972-07-13 Fibrous structures

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3823059A (it)
DE (1) DE2233334C3 (it)
FR (1) FR2145868A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1392994A (it)
IT (1) IT964621B (it)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4692375A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-09-08 Azdel, Inc. Thermoplastic sheet

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2124666B (en) * 1982-06-09 1986-01-15 Procter & Gamble Ltd Laundry additive products
EP2522501A1 (de) 2011-05-13 2012-11-14 Arch-Tex KG Textiles Bauelement

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4692375A (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-09-08 Azdel, Inc. Thermoplastic sheet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT964621B (it) 1974-01-31
DE2233334A1 (de) 1973-02-01
DE2233334B2 (de) 1980-11-13
FR2145868A5 (it) 1973-02-23
DE2233334C3 (de) 1982-04-22
GB1392994A (en) 1975-05-07

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